Presentation (Edu-01)

1. CHARACTERISTICS OF
INDIAN SOCIETY-Class,
Religion, Ethnicity and
Language.
Anuja Roy JR
Physical Science
Roll no:-27

2. Characteristics of indian society
INTRODUCTION
India is one of the most diverse country in tha World.
Indian society has its own uniqueness in terms of
believes, traditions, customs, constitutional right,
norms, religion, castes, diverse region, language, etc.
In order to understand Indian society we should
comprehend every aspects of Indian society including
it’s social structure, caste structure, economy,
stratification, etc.

3. 1) SOCIAL STRUCTURE:
 The social structure of traditional society was based
mainly on the hereditary principle.
 The members were divided into a hereditary cast group
each with its traditional occupation, they living in joint
family system.
 Agriculture was the main profession in ancient Indian
society.
 Religions has been playing an important role in Indian
society.
 The forces of modernization have tended to break the
traditional Indian joint family.

4. 2) CASTE BASED STRUCTURE
The classification of castes in Hinduism mainly based on
hierarchial social order of caste – Brahmin, Kshatriya,
Vaishya and Sudra arranged in a descending order of status.

5.  Members in each Caste-group followed the same
hereditary occupation and marry in their own caste.
 There was caste stratification also, people took
education from different schools.
 The decreasing rigidity in terms of caste everybody’s
upliftment only because of education.
 Today no doubt castes inherit in community through
people are living together and develop themselves.

6. 3) MULTI RELIGIOUS:
 India is a Secular country.
 Indian society is a multi religious society and every
religion has it’s own importance in Indian society.
 All the religious are tied by the thread of democracy
and all are living together in harmony and enrich the
Indian society.

7. 4) UNILINGUAL OR MULTILINGUAL
SOCIETY
 India is a multilingual society.
 Indian society has different languages as per their culture.
 There is a common language for mutual communication
between all, that is Hindi, Which is a national language of
Indian society.
 Now English becomes a link language, which joins the
people of different states.

8. 5) MULTI-CULTURAL SOCIETY
 India is a multi-cultural society.
 In Indian society different religious, linguistic, caste, and
class groups have their own culture.
 Although all are living with harmony and peace.

9. 6) DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
 Indian society is a democratic society, where everyone has
an equal right to live in society.
 All the people of the country can vote to elect their
representative. Though Indian society is multicultural all
are following the rules and regulations of Indian society
and live together.
 Justice, Equality, Brotherhood and Liberty are the four
pillars of Indian Constitution.

10. 7) DEVELOPING ECONOMY:
 In the ancient time, the economy of Indian society was a
simple and subsistence economy, because everyone’s
earning was mainly based on agricultural, handicrafts, and
small trade.
 The modern Indian society is a developing society with the
help of developed science and technology.
 Today we see the impact of liberalisation, privatization
and globalization on Indian economy and because of this
we find the expansion in trade and commerce and
business.

11. 8) STATUS OF WOMEN
 In ancient Indian society women were considered as
second gender and their status was lower than that of
man.
 In family parents gave more importance to male and gave
them better education.
 Now women are as equal as males. In family women have
given important place, gets higher education and enter
into occupational activities, etc.
 In many field woman play a role as a role model for all.

12. 9) EDUCATIONAL HERITAGE
 In ancient Indian society, there was Gurukula system of
education.
 After the arrival of Britishers and under their authority,
the ancient ashrams turned into open schools and
students got the formal education in schools.

13. • SOCIAL CLASSES IN INDIA
 Caste, if it functions as social class, in modern India, is
just a form of social order based on wealth, which may be
acquired through education, trade, profession or
business, or on hereditary wealth.
 The gradual dissolution of the former role of the caste
system and the emergence of a new class system whose
basis may or may not be caste.
 There are four types of social classes in India,

14. 1) The upper classes:
 These represent the aristocracy of wealthy families of
former rulers, large landowners, jagirdars and the owners
of the largest business.
 According to recent laws they are expected to pay heavy
taxes on their wealth, in addition to income tax.
 Their children go to the most expensive and exclusive
schools and colleges.
 Many of them send their children abroad for education.
 They lead better lifestyle
 In India 4% or 5% belong to this category.

15. 2) The Upper Middle Class
 These are represented by business men, bankers, top
government officers, landlords and Zamindars.
 Their wealth is acquired primarily through their salaries.
 Their children may also go to expensive and exclusive
schools, and later to universities, entering professional
colleges, etc.
 They live comfortably, eat and dress well.
 In India approximately 10% to 15% belong to this category.

16. 3) The Lower Middle Class
 School teachers, shopkeepers, nurses, clerks, government
subordinates and salesmen and other belong to this category.
 The source of income is salary, a few take on extra part time
work in the evening.
 The children has a great desire for education, They generally
strive very hard at school. Their industry and persistence
stand out in their school performance.
 In many cases such as strain or poverty, lead to dissatisfaction
in education, and facing unemployment.
 In India 30% to 40% people belong this category.

17. 4) Lower Classes
 It is estimated that over 50% of the people in India belong to
this group.
 They are two types, labourers and no steady workers or
unemployed.
 The children of the employed parents, go to the school. Few of
them succeed in getting job.
 However a few of them are in the unemployed category, life is
a series of misfortunes for them, their children valso remain
illiterate.
 Only an economic revolution can change the plight of this
category of people.

18. • RELIGIOUS DIVERSITY
 Religion is a major concern of man.
 The Constitution of India proclaims to be a secular
republic, where all citizens may freely worship and
propagate any religion of their choice.
 The major negative impact of religions are,
1) Groupism
Religion divides people, such divisions may affect the
development of country.

19. 2) Frequent conflicts
People belonging to different religions fell that their
religion is superior. They even try to impose their religiois
practices on others which would be lead to conflict situation.
3) Dogmatism
Every religion has a set of beliefs, which may be
superstitious, such ideas block the development of society
and individual.
4) Block Social Change
It is highly challenging to transform the attitude.

20. • LANGUAGE DIVERSITY
 India is one of the most linguistically diverse country,
ranking in terms of the number of languages spoken,
according to the Ethnologue language catalogue of the
World.
 The highly degree of large diversity found in India is due
to the existence of diverse population groups.
 Although linguistic diversity increases the regionalism
feeling it is not to threat to national unity.
 There is much friction in India because of language.

21. • ETHNICITY
 India is ethnically diverse, with more than 2000 different
ethnic groups.
 Ethnic group is a social category of people who shared
common culture, common languages or dialect, a common
religion, a common norm, practices, customs and history.
 India is an ethnological museum.
 Unity holds tightly together the various relationships of
ethnic groups.

22. THANK YOU