Questions: 1. What protist group is sister to Kingdom Animalia? What features characterize animals? What are the major branching points within the animal phylogeny? Traditional animal phylogenies emphasized body plans (aceolomate, pseudocoelomate, coelomate). Contrast these body plans. 2. Contrast the Ediacaran fauna and the fauna from the Cambrian explosion. What was significant about the Cambrian "explosion"? What are some explanations for this explosion of animal diversity? Which phyla in the Cambrian explosion displayed segmentation? 3. What is the difference between "invertebrates" and "vertebrates"? Which group is more diverse? Are each of these groups monophyletic? 4. Marine invertebrates are incredibly diverse. Which phyla include marine invertebrate representatives? What are some ways in which marine invertebrates obtain nutrition? Which of these methods is absent on land? What aspects of reproduction are common among marine invertebrates, but rare among terrestrial animals? 5. The remaining review questions cover each of the animal phyla. This material draws on lab as well as lecture. What are some features of phylum Porifera (sponges)? How do sponges obtain nutrition? Be familiar with the following: choanocytes, amoebocytes, osculum, spicules. 6. What are some features of phylum Cnidaria? How do nematocysts help cnidarians be successful predators? What is the difference between a polyp and a medusa? Which classes have the polyp, the medusa, or both? Which class includes the corals that build coral reefs? 7. What is a lophophore? How do the lophophore animals get their food? 8. What are some features of phylum Mollusca? Be familiar with the following: muscular foot, mantle, shell, radula, visceral mass, trochophore larvae, ctenidia (gills), siphons, torsion. What changes do we see in class Bivalvia (compared to the other molluscan classes) suited to a filter-feeding life style? Which class of molluscs includes terrestrial species? In which molluscan class do we see the most well-developed nervous system? 9. What are some features of phylum Annelida? Besides phylum Annelida, what other two phyla are characterized by segmentaion? What larval feature do annelids share with phylum Mollusca? What are some methods used by annelids to obtain nutrition?.

1. Questions: 1. What protist group is sister to Kingdom Animalia? What features characterize
animals? What are the major branching points within the animal phylogeny? Traditional animal
phylogenies emphasized body plans (aceolomate, pseudocoelomate, coelomate). Contrast these
body plans. 2. Contrast the Ediacaran fauna and the fauna from the Cambrian explosion. What
was significant about the Cambrian "explosion"? What are some explanations for this explosion
of animal diversity? Which phyla in the Cambrian explosion displayed segmentation? 3. What is
the difference between "invertebrates" and "vertebrates"? Which group is more diverse? Are
each of these groups monophyletic? 4. Marine invertebrates are incredibly diverse. Which phyla
include marine invertebrate representatives? What are some ways in which marine invertebrates
obtain nutrition? Which of these methods is absent on land? What aspects of reproduction are
common among marine invertebrates, but rare among terrestrial animals? 5. The remaining
review questions cover each of the animal phyla. This material draws on lab as well as lecture.
What are some features of phylum Porifera (sponges)? How do sponges obtain nutrition? Be
familiar with the following: choanocytes, amoebocytes, osculum, spicules. 6. What are some
features of phylum Cnidaria? How do nematocysts help cnidarians be successful predators?
What is the difference between a polyp and a medusa? Which classes have the polyp, the
medusa, or both? Which class includes the corals that build coral reefs? 7. What is a lophophore?
How do the lophophore animals get their food? 8. What are some features of phylum Mollusca?
Be familiar with the following: muscular foot, mantle, shell, radula, visceral mass, trochophore
larvae, ctenidia (gills), siphons, torsion. What changes do we see in class Bivalvia (compared to
the other molluscan classes) suited to a filter-feeding life style? Which class of molluscs includes
terrestrial species? In which molluscan class do we see the most well-developed nervous system?
9. What are some features of phylum Annelida? Besides phylum Annelida, what other two phyla
are characterized by segmentaion? What larval feature do annelids share with phylum Mollusca?
What are some methods used by annelids to obtain nutrition?