3.1 Overview of Simple Modals and Phrasal Modals

1. Section A

2. We can use simple modals and phrasal modals (+ the
base form of a main verb) to express different beliefs
and attitudes about what we say.
He English very well already.can speak
We use simple modals and phrasal modals to express
different social purposes such as ability. For example:
Ability

3. These forms can also express other social purposes.
For example:
He an English class. It’s a requirement.has to take
Obligations
He really an English class.should take
Advice

4. You an English class, too.might want to take
Softening Advice
me with my English homework?Could you please help
Requests
English if they want to.They’re allowed to take
Permission

5. Simple modal and phrasal modal forms can express
how sure or likely an event is. For example:
English 101 next fall.He’s going to take
He an English class in the fall – I’m not sure.may take
She here by 7:00. She left an hour ago.should be

6. Section B

7. Most simple modals can refer to things that are
generally true. For example:
Students a good night’s sleep before exam day.should get

8. Most simple modals can also refer to things that are
true or in progress at the moment. For example:
She at work right now. I’m not sure.may be
He a shower. I can hear the water.must be taking

9. Most simple modals can also refer to things that are
future actions. For example:
They at 7:00 instead of 6:00. Their flight is late.might arrive
those to the office for you.I’ll take

10. Unlike simple modals, phrasal modals include a
helping verb, have or be. We show time by using the
correct past, present, or future form of those verbs.
For example:
She at 5:00 tomorrow. Work starts at 6:00.has to get up
We on Monday. Anne is sick.won’t be able to meet