This document discusses the classification of digital health interventions. It outlines various applications of digital technologies for clients, healthcare providers, health system managers, and data services. For clients, it describes targeted and untargeted communications, personal health tracking, citizen reporting, and financial transactions. For healthcare providers, it discusses client identification, health records, decision support, telemedicine, and training. For health system managers, areas like human resources, supply chain management, and public health are described. Finally, applications for data services such as collection, management, and mapping are covered. The document also examines health system challenges related to information, availability, quality, acceptability, utilization, efficiency, cost, and accountability.

1. Classification of
Digital Health
Interventions
Dr. Anandhi Ramachandran

2. Speaks about
• various methods of utilising
digital and mobile
technology to fulfil the
requirements of the health
system
• specific uses of digital
technology to advance goals
in the health sector

4. Applications for Clients and interventions

5. Targeted client communication.
Transmission
health event
alerts to specific
population
group.
Transmit
targeted health
information to
clients based on
health status or
demographics.
Transmit
targeted alerts
and reminders.
Transmit
Diagnostics
results or
availability of
results.

6. Untargeted Client communication
TRANSMIT UNTARGETED HEALTH
INFORMATION TO UNDEFINED
POPULATION.
TRANSMIT UNTARGETED HEALTH EVENT
ALERTS TO UNDEFINED GROUP.

7. Client to Client Communication
Peer group for clients

8. Personal Health Tracking
Access by Clients to
own medical
records
Self monitoring of
health diagnostic
data by clients
Active data capture
and documentation
by client

9. Citizen Based reporting
Reporting of health system
feedback by clients.
Reporting of public health events by
clients.

10. On Demand information service to clients
Client lookup for health information transaction

11. Client
Financial
Transactions
TRANSMIT AND MANAGE
OUT OF POCKET
PAYMENTS BY CLIENTS.
TRANSMIT AND MANAGE
VOUCHERS TO CLIENT FOR
HEALTH SERVICES.
TRANSMIT AND MANAGE
INCENTIVES TO CLIENTS
FOR HEALTH SERVICES.

13. Applications for
healthcare
providers

14. Client Identification and
Registration
• Verify client and unique identify
• Enrol Client health services

15. Client
Health
Records
tracking of clients' health status across
time and services
maintain structured clinical records for
clients
routine data management for health
indicators
Manage unstructured clinical records for
clients

16. Healthcare provider decision support
Based on the protocol, it
generates prompts and
alarms.
Provides a
protocol-
compliant check
list.
Clients are
screened based
on their risk or
other health
status.

17. Telemedicine
• Remote client and healthcare provider
consultations
• Provider's remote monitoring of health or
diagnostic data.
• Medical data transmission to a healthcare
provider.
• Consultation between health specialists for
free case management.

18. Healthcare provider Communication
healthcare provider(s) to supervisor
communication
feedback on communication and
performance to healthcare provider
transmit healthcare provider routine
news and workflow notifications
notify healthcare provider of non-
routine health events
healthcare provider peer group

19. Referral Coordination
Manage emergency
response and
transportation
01
Manage referrals
between health
sector points of
service
02
Manage health and
other sector referrals
(social services,
police, justice,
economic support
schemes)
03

20. Scheduling and Activity Planning for Healthcare providers
Schedule client
appointments in
accordance with the
clinical care plan
Schedule the
activities of
healthcare providers

21. Healthcare provider training
• Make training content and reference material available to healthcare
providers.
• Evaluate healthcare provider capacity.

22. Prescription and medication management
Send or receive
Send or receive
prescription orders
Monitor
Monitor client
medication
consumption
Report
Report drug adverse
events

23. Laboratory and Diagnostic
Image management
Notify healthcare provider of
client diagnostic result
Diagnostic order transmission and
tracking
Record diagnostic outcomes from
digital devicestracking biological
specimens

25. Applications for health system managers

26. Human Resource Management
Compile a list of health workforce cadres and related identification
information
Compile
Check healthcare provider performance
Check
Manage healthcare provider registration/certification
Manage
Keep training data on healthcare providers
Keep

27. Supply Chain Management
Manage health commodities inventory and distribution
Notify health commodities stocks levels
Check cold-chain sensitive components
Register licensed drugs and health products
Manage commodity procurement
Clients report counterfeit or substandard drugs

28. Public Health
Event Notification
• Public health event notification
from the point of diagnosis

29. Civil Registration
and vital statistics
• Notify the birth event
• Register your birthday event
• Certify the event of birth
• Inform death event
• Register death event
• Acknowledge death event

30. Health Financing
Apply for and
confirm
client
insurance
membership
Routine
payroll
payment to
healthcare
provider
transmit or
manage

31. Equipment and asset
management
• Monitor status and maintenance of health
equipment
• Medical equipment regulation and licensing

32. Facility Management
Compile a list of
health care
facilities and
related information
Inspect health care
facilities

34. Applications for Data Services

35. Data Collection , Management
and Use
Out of the box data collection and
management
Storage and aggregation of data
Synthesis of data and visualizations
Automated data analysis to produce new
information or predictions on future events

36. Data Coding
• Convert structured data to unstructured data
• Coded datasets or terminologies merge, de-duplicate, and
curate
• Classify disease codes and the cause of death

37. Data Exchange and
Interoperability
Data exchange between systems

38. Location Mapping
Health
facilities/structur
es location on a
map
Health event
location on a
map
Client and
household
location on a
map
Healthcare
provider location
on a map

39. Health System Challenges
Information Availability Quality
Acceptability Utilization Efficiency
Cost Accountability

40. HSC1 - Information
Lack of population denominator
Delayed reporting of events
Lack of Quality/ reliable data
Communication roadblocks
Lack of access to information or data
Insufficient utilization of data and information
Lack of Unique identifier

41. HSC 2 - Availability
Insufficient
supply
of
Services
Equipment
Commodities
Qualified healthcare
work force

42. HSC 3 -
Quality
Poor patient experience
Insufficient health worker competence
Low quality health commodities
Low health worker motivation
Insufficient continuity of care
Inadequate supportive supervision
Poor adherence to guidelines

43. HSC4 – Acceptability
Lack of alignment with local
norms
Programs which do not address
individual beliefs and practices

44. HSC 5 – Utilization
LOW DEMAND
FOR SERVICES
GEOGRAPHICAL
INACCESSIBILITY
LOW ADHERENCE
TO TREATMENTS
LOSS TO FOLLOW
UP

45. HSC6 – Efficiency
INADEQUATE
WORKFLOW
MANAGEMENT
LACK OF OR
INAPPROPRIATE
REFERRALS
POOR PLANNING
AND
COORDINATION
DELAYED
PROVISION OF CARE
INADEQUATE
ACCESS TO
TRANSPORTATION

46. HSC 7- Cost
High cost of manual
processes
Lack of effective resource
allocation
Client-side expenses
Lack of coordinated payer
mechanism

47. HSC8 – Accountability
Insufficient patient
engagement
Unaware of service
entitlement
Absence of community
feedback mechanisms
Lack of transparency in
commodity
transactions
Poor accountability
between the levels of
the health sector
Inadequate
understanding of
beneficiary populations

49. DHI with IHC

50. DHI with IHC