Four stroke engine-basics by Amar Ahir

1. Four-Stroke EngineFour-Stroke Engine
BasicsBasics
Instructor:Instructor: Amar AhirAmar Ahir
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2. OrientationOrientation
 Throughout this lesson on four-Throughout this lesson on four-
stroke engines, learner will self-stroke engines, learner will self-
navigate through thisnavigate through this
PowerPoint presentationPowerPoint presentation
 Be sure to click on every linkBe sure to click on every link
 Learner will be quizzed at theLearner will be quizzed at the
end of the lessonend of the lesson
 Click on Next to move on, orClick on Next to move on, or
Back to go back.Back to go back.
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3. Orientation ContinuedOrientation Continued
 Material that will be covered:Material that will be covered:
 Four-stroke engine basicsFour-stroke engine basics
 Other engine typesOther engine types
 Basic components of a four-strokeBasic components of a four-stroke
engineengine
 The four-stroke cycleThe four-stroke cycle
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4. NextBack

5. The BasicsThe Basics
 A four-stroke engine:A four-stroke engine:
 Is an internal combustion engineIs an internal combustion engine
 Converts gasoline into motionConverts gasoline into motion
 Is the most common car engineIs the most common car engine
typetype
 Is relatively efficientIs relatively efficient
 Is relatively inexpensiveIs relatively inexpensive
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6. Other Engine TypesOther Engine Types
 Two-stroke enginesTwo-stroke engines
 Diesel enginesDiesel engines
 Rotary enginesRotary engines
 Turbine enginesTurbine engines
 Steam enginesSteam engines
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7. Basic Components of Four-Basic Components of Four-
Stroke EnginesStroke Engines
Intake Valve
Valve Cover
Intake Port
Head
Coolant
Engine Block
Oil Pan
Oil Sump
Crankshaft
Camshaft
Exhaust Valve
Spark Plug
Exhaust Port
Piston
Connecting Rod
Rod Bearings
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Diagram

8.  A.A. Intake Valve-Intake Valve- opens at theopens at the
proper time to let in air and fuel.proper time to let in air and fuel.
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9.  B.B. Valve CoverValve Cover- Protects the- Protects the
valves and the valve springs.valves and the valve springs.
Keeps dirt out and lubricating oilKeeps dirt out and lubricating oil
in.in.
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10.  C.C. Intake PortIntake Port- the passageway- the passageway
in a cylinder head for the fuelin a cylinder head for the fuel
and air to pass through.and air to pass through.
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11.  D.D. HeadHead- a platform containing- a platform containing
most of the parts of themost of the parts of the
combustion chamber.combustion chamber.
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12.  E.E. CoolantCoolant- circulating water- circulating water
and antifreeze to keep theand antifreeze to keep the
temperature regulated.temperature regulated.
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13.  F.F. Engine BlockEngine Block- cast in one- cast in one
piece. The basis for most of thepiece. The basis for most of the
parts of the engine.parts of the engine.
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14.  G.G. Oil PanOil Pan- where the oil is- where the oil is
collected and recirculated.collected and recirculated.
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15.  H.H. Oil SumpOil Sump- the collected oil- the collected oil
primarily for lubricating theprimarily for lubricating the
crankshaft and rod bearingcrankshaft and rod bearing
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16.  I.I. CamshaftCamshaft- a round shaft with- a round shaft with
lobes, that rotates to open andlobes, that rotates to open and
close the fuel and exhaustclose the fuel and exhaust
valves.valves.
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17.  J.J. Exhaust ValveExhaust Valve- open at the- open at the
proper time to release theproper time to release the
exhaustexhaust
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18.  K.K. Spark PlugSpark Plug- a device,- a device,
inserted into the combustioninserted into the combustion
chamber for firing an electricalchamber for firing an electrical
spark to ignite air-fuel mixturespark to ignite air-fuel mixture
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19.  L.L. Exhaust PortExhaust Port- the- the
passageway in a cylinder head,passageway in a cylinder head,
for the exhaust to pass throughfor the exhaust to pass through
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20.  M.M. PistonPiston- the part of the- the part of the
engine that moves up and downengine that moves up and down
in the cylinder converting thein the cylinder converting the
gasoline into motiongasoline into motion
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21.  N.N. Connecting RodConnecting Rod- links the- links the
piston to the crankshaft.piston to the crankshaft.
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22.  O.O. Rod BearingRod Bearing- used to reduce- used to reduce
friction to the rod and crankshaftfriction to the rod and crankshaft
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23.  P.P. CrankshaftCrankshaft- converts the up- converts the up
and down motion of the pistonand down motion of the piston
into a turning, or rotating motioninto a turning, or rotating motion
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24. The 4-Stroke CycleThe 4-Stroke Cycle
 1.1.
 2.2.
 3.3.
 4.4.
Intake
Compression
Combustion
Exhaust
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25.  IntakeIntake-- process ofprocess of
filling the cylinderfilling the cylinder
with the proper air-with the proper air-
fuel mixturefuel mixture
through the intakethrough the intake
valve.valve.
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26.  CompressionCompression--
the process ofthe process of
compressing thecompressing the
air-fuel mixture inair-fuel mixture in
the cylinder tothe cylinder to
make it moremake it more
combustiblecombustible
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27.  CombustionCombustion-the-the
process of ignitingprocess of igniting
the compressedthe compressed
air-fuel mixture toair-fuel mixture to
create motion andcreate motion and
the over all powerthe over all power
of the engine.of the engine.
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28.  ExhaustExhaust- the- the
process ofprocess of
releasing thereleasing the
exhaust out ofexhaust out of
the cylinderthe cylinder
through thethrough the
exhaust valve.exhaust valve.
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29. ApplicationApplication
 Now that you understand theNow that you understand the
basics of four-stroke engines,basics of four-stroke engines,
how can you use thishow can you use this
information in the real world?information in the real world?