This document discusses the key topics in a general physics course, including: - The two main branches of physics are classical physics and modern physics. Classical physics includes mechanics, thermodynamics, optics, electricity and magnetism, and wave motion/sound. Modern physics includes relativity, quantum mechanics, particle physics, and discoveries since 1990. - There are two main systems of units - the metric and English systems. The metric system includes mks and cgs variations. The International System of Units (SI) is now most commonly used. - There are seven fundamental quantities in physics: length, mass, time, temperature, current, luminous intensity, and amount of substance. All other quantities are derived from

1. GENERAL
PHYSICS 1

2. PHYSICS

3. MAIN BRANCHES OF PHYSICS
Classical Physics Modern Physics
• Mechanics
• Heat and
thermodynamics
• Optics
• Electricity and
magnetism
• Wave motion and
sound
• Special and general
relativity
• Nuclear physics
• Quantum
mechanics
• Particle physics
• Other discoveries
from1990 onward

4. THE MEASURNG PROCESS
Q1: What are the two systems of units?
Q2: What are the seven fundamental
quantities in Physics?

5. SYSTEMS OF UNITS
• Metric System
• Has two variations: mks and cgs systems
• mks (meter, kilogram, second)
• cgs (centimeter, gram, second)
• Each system is represented by the
abbreviation of its three basic units

6. SYSTEMS OF UNITS
• English System
• Fps system
• fps – foot, pound, second
• The English System considers pound-
force as a fundamental quantity.

7. SYSTEMS OF UNITS
• The International System of Units,
abbreviated SI from the French Le
Système International d’ Unités

8. FUNDAMENTAL VS. DERIVED QUANTITIES
Fundamental Quantity
• These are basic quantities that are
independent of one another.
• The SI fundamental quantities are
• length
• mass
• time
• thermodynamic
temperature
• electric current
• Luminous
• intensity
• amount of
substance.

9. FUNDAMENTAL VS. DERIVED QUANTITIES
Derived Quantity
• These are combinations of fundamental
quantities
• Ex: speed, acceleration, density, work,
energy, force

10. FUNDAMENTAL VS. DERIVED QUANTITIES
• Units corresponding to the fundamental
quantities are called base of fundamental
units
• Fundamental units: meter, kilogram,
second, Kelvin, ampere, candela, and mole.

11. SI FUNDAMENTAL UNITS

12. FUNDAMENTAL VS. DERIVED QUANTITIES
Question to ponder:
Why do you have to
measure in Science?

13. SCIENTIFIC NOTATION
& SIGNIFICANT FIGURES

14. SCIENTIFIC NOTATION

15. SCIENTIFIC NOTATION

16. RULES OF SCIENTIFIC NOTATION
To determine the power or exponent of
10, we must follow the rule listed below:
Rule 1: The base should be always 10
Rule 2: The exponent must be a non-zero
integer, that means it can be either positive
or negative

17. RULES OF SCIENTIFIC NOTATION
Rule 3: The absolute value of the coefficient is
greater than or equal to 1 but it should be less
than 10
Rule 4: Coefficients can be positive or negative
numbers including whole and decimal numbers

18. RULES OF SCIENTIFIC NOTATION
Express the following in scientific notation.
1. The speed of light is approximately 300 000
000 m/s
2. The mass of the strand of hair is
approximately 0.000 000 62 kg.

19. PRACTICE EXERCISES:
1. 0.07882
2. 0.00000272338
3. 118000
4. 87200
5. 0.000002786
Write each number in scientific notation

20. PRACTICE EXERCISES:
6. 3.443 x 10-7
7. 7.757 x 10-7
8. 5.8 x 106
9. 1.21 x 103
10. 5.1821 x 10-4
Write each number in standard form

21. SIGNIFICANT FIGURES

22. RULES OF SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
RULE 1: Non-zero digits are ALWAYS
significant.
Ex. 1.1 has two significant figures
RULE 2: Any zero contained between two
non-zero number is significant
Ex. 1.005 has four significant figures

23. RULES OF SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
RULE 3: Leading zeroes are never significant
Ex. 0.0005 has one significant figure; the leading zeroes
are ignored
RULE 4: Final or trailing zeroes are significant
only after a decimal point.
Ex. 0.0005000 has four significant figure; the leading
zeroes do not count.