3. RESEARCH PROBLEM
RESEARCH PROBLEM
Boosts interest and motivation
Provides experiential learning
Enhance science process skills
To better understand phenomena in the real world through visualization
There is an inadequate number of science tools and laboratories if schools in
the Philippines (Abas et al., 2020 and Pingol et al., 2015); and
Teachers are not fully equipped in handling science tools (Abas et al., 2020)
Why do experiments play an important role in Science Education?
Why does Physics require practical work?
However,
4. RESEARCH PROBLEM
RESEARCH PROBLEM
Boosts interest and motivation
Provides experiential learning
Enhance science process skills
To better understand phenomena in the real world through visualization
There is an inadequate number of science tools and laboratories if schools in
the Philippines (Abas et al., 2020 and Pingol et al., 2015); and
Teachers are not fully equipped in handling science tools (Abas et al., 2020)
Why do experiments play an important role in Science Education?
Why does Physics require practical work?
However,
5. Boosts interest and motivation
Provides experiential learning
Enhance science process skills
To better understand phenomena in the real world through visualization
There is an inadequate number of science tools and laboratories if schools in
the Philippines (Abas et al., 2020 and Pingol et al., 2015); and
Teachers are not fully equipped in handling science tools (Abas et al., 2020)
Why do experiments play an important role in Science Education?
Why does Physics require practical work?
However,
RESEARCH PROBLEM
RESEARCH PROBLEM
6. Software applications promote excitement but pose learning disruption and
negative consequences
Innovation (includes improvisation) of science tools promotes enhancement of
science process skills like measuring, observing, classifying and etc.
Improvising an apparatus on linear momentum due to difficulties experienced
by the researchers, specifically in measuring quantities, during their experiment
Construct an apparatus that will provide more time in analyzing results
A stepping stone in introducing innovation to address the lack of science tools
Software Applications and Innovation in Education
Researchers focused on Improvisation:
RESEARCH PROBLEM
RESEARCH PROBLEM
7. Software applications promote excitement but pose learning disruption and
negative consequences
Innovation (includes improvisation) of science tools promotes enhancement of
science process skills like measuring, observing, classifying and etc.
Improvising an apparatus on linear momentum due to difficulties experienced
by the researchers, specifically in measuring quantities, during their experiment
Construct an apparatus that will provide more time in analyzing results
A stepping stone in introducing innovation to address the lack of science tools
Software Applications and Innovation in Education
Researchers focused on Improvisation:
RESEARCH PROBLEM
RESEARCH PROBLEM
8. RESEARCH QUESTIONS
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
What is the mechanism of the apparatus in:
reducing of non-conservative forces;
measuring the speed of the object;
determining the momentum of the object, and
determining the change in momentum of the object?
What are the users’ perceptions on the use of the innovative
laboratory apparatus in terms of:
ease of use;
portability; and
reliability of a measurement?
The study aims to answer the following:
1.
a.
b.
c.
2.
a.
b.
c.
9. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Students
Teachers
They may find ease in manipulation and management, therefore,
more time to analyze experiment results.
Exposure to a variety of physics apparatus can prepare them to
complex topics.
The apparatus may be used as one of the instructional material
for physics teaching
University
The study can provide data about the perceptions of the users
on improvised physics apparatus
10. Other Educational Institution
A stepping stone in introducing the concept of adapting innovation
and/or improvisation of science tools for experiential learning
Society
This can help students realize the use and application of
science concepts in real life and therefore, may
contribute to national development and economic
growth.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Researchers
The study may serve as reference material for
researchers in related fields.
11. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Lack of Physics Apparatus in Philippine Secondary School
K-12 Science curriculum is learner-centered and inquiry-based and based on
constructivism theory (Abas and Marasigan, 2000)
Lack of apparatuses in secondary schools has been used to emphasize for the poor
performance of students in Science (Orleans, 2007)
The Importance of Experiments in Physics
According to US Naval Academy's Department of Defense, experimentation is
the practice of conducting experiments to test theories and provide the
foundation for scientific understanding by demonstrating.
An article in Science First (n.d.) stated that students' scientific thinking should be
encouraged rather than forcing them to memorize facts.
12. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Lack of Physics Apparatus in Philippine Secondary School
K-12 Science curriculum is learner-centered and inquiry-based and based on
constructivism theory (Abas and Marasigan, 2000)
Lack of apparatuses in secondary schools has been used to emphasize for the poor
performance of students in Science (Orleans, 2007)
The Importance of Experiments in Physics
According to US Naval Academy's Department of Defense, experimentation is
the practice of conducting experiments to test theories and provide the
foundation for scientific understanding by demonstrating.
An article in Science First (n.d.) stated that students' scientific thinking should be
encouraged rather than forcing them to memorize facts.
13. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Measurements and Measuring Apparatus in Physics
Measurements are based on units and with these, scientists devised the International
System of Units to unify measurements. Yet, there is still room for this uncertainty (Big
Idea Physics, n.d.)
Many disciplines especially in Science rely on measurements (Bollu, 2018).
The Importance of Improvisation in Physics
According to a statement adopted by IUPAP (1999), Physics educators believe that
Science equipment is an important means of demonstration but lack of materials is
highlighted as a problem in schools.
Mastery of Physics ideas cannot be fully acquired without the use of instructional
resources (Oladeyo et.al., 2011).
Many of the equipment used in teaching Physics may be improvised (Aina, 2012).
14. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Measurements and Measuring Apparatus in Physics
Measurements are based on units and with these, scientists devised the International
System of Units to unify measurements. Yet, there is still room for this uncertainty (Big
Idea Physics, n.d.)
Many disciplines especially in Science rely on measurements (Bollu, 2018).
The Importance of Improvisation in Physics
According to a statement adopted by IUPAP (1999), Physics educators believe that
Science equipment is an important means of demonstration but lack of materials is
highlighted as a problem in schools.
Mastery of Physics ideas cannot be fully acquired without the use of instructional
resources (Oladeyo et.al., 2011).
Many of the equipment used in teaching Physics may be improvised (Aina, 2012).
15. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Effects of Improvised Apparatus to the Motivation and
Interest of students in Learning Physics
The improvisation process of instructional materials exposes students to create, invent,
imagine, get curious, and want to try or tests different possibilities (Adeniran, 2006).
Hands-on experiments and practical exercises can boost students' learning, and build
positive attitude toward Science (Daniella, Popesus, & et.al. (2015).
Perception of Teachers and Students on the Use of
Improvised Apparatus
Using improvised instructional materials to run practical classes has polished and
broadened instructors' skills to carry out Physics experiments (Kira, 2015).
The results also demonstrated that students have highly good attitudes regarding using
improvised materials in the classroom (Etukudo, 2009)
Teachers have a negative attitude about improvising materials (Njoku, 2000).
Those who are aware of the use of loan l equipment and materials are hampered by a
variety of circumstances ( Jegede & Adedayo, 2013).
16. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Effects of Improvised Apparatus to the Motivation and
Interest of students in Learning Physics
The improvisation process of instructional materials exposes students to create, invent,
imagine, get curious, and want to try or tests different possibilities (Adeniran, 2006).
Hands-on experiments and practical exercises can boost students' learning, and build
positive attitude toward Science (Daniella, Popesus, & et.al. (2015).
Perception of Teachers and Students on the Use of
Improvised Apparatus
Using improvised instructional materials to run practical classes has polished and
broadened instructors' skills to carry out Physics experiments (Kira, 2015).
The results also demonstrated that students have highly good attitudes regarding using
improvised materials in the classroom (Etukudo, 2009)
Teachers have a negative attitude about improvising materials (Njoku, 2000).
Those who are aware of the use of loan l equipment and materials are hampered by a
variety of circumstances ( Jegede & Adedayo, 2013).
17. Research Design
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research experiment design
Descriptive-quantitative
Testing the validity and
reliability of the apparatus
Survey-questionnaire
Locale of the Study
The research experiment will be
conducted at one of the rooms
at Building 41-Science Complex
of the Physics Laboratory
Department in the University of
Science and Technology of
Southern Philippines (USTP).
18. Sampling Procedure
The study will select the
respondents to be subjected
as the experimental group
utilizing the improvised
laboratory apparatus in linear
momentum.
Participants of
the Study
The researchers will select
30 Science teachers in the
chosen five (5) secondary
public schools from Cagayan
de Oro City.
This means that there will be
six (6) Science teachers from
each school.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
19. Research Instrument
Modified laboratory manual
about conservation of
linear momentum
Likert scale survey-
questionnaire as an
instrument with these
categories:(i) ease of use, (ii)
portability, (iii) reliability of
measurements
Data Gathering
Procedures
30 respondents
Orientation on (i) apparatus'
parts and functions and (ii)
experiment procedures and
laboratory rules
Experiment by the
respondents
Survey
Data analysis
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
20. Statistical Treatment
Data will be analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of
Variance)
Mean and standard deviation - to identify the
descriptive statistics of the Likert responses
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
21. Determination of Student Learning Outcomes and Learning
Objectives of the Linear Momentum Experiment
Creation and Consultation for the Design of Linear Momentum
Apparatus
Development of Data Collection Form
Construction of the Improvised Linear Momentum Apparatus
Testing the Validity and Reliability of the Improvised Apparatus
Implementation: Experimental Stage and Use of Survey
Questionnaires
Data Analysis
RESEARCH MILESTONES
RESEARCH MILESTONES
23. References
References
Ndirangu, M., Kathuri, N.J. and Mungai, C (2003) Improvisation as a Strategy for Providing Science Teaching Resources: An experience from
Kenya. International Journal of Educational Development 23 (1): 75-84
Pimpro, P.K (2005) Improvisation in Science: Teaching of Physics at Low-Cost with Locally Available Materials. Retrieved from
www.sec.org.za/physics/pkpimpro.html [Accessed 12 January 2005]
Bhukuvhani, CE., (2007). An assessment of the Extent of ICT Integration in Teaching of Organic Chemistry Concepts at Advanced Level: Case of
Masvingo District High Schools, Zimbabwe. Unpublished Masters Dissertation, Bindura University of Science Education, Zimbabwe.
lnyega, J. and Tompson, N. (2002) Change in Attitudes towards Teaching Strategies in Secondary School Teachers in Kenya Following In-service
Professional Development. Paper presented at annual conference of SAETS, 2002, Kennesaw, GA.
Aina, J.K. & Akintunde, Z.T. (2013). Analysis of gender performance in physics colleges of education, Nigeria. Journal of Education and Practice,
4(6). ISSN 2222-288X.
Aina, J.K. (2012). Teaching aids improvisation in the teaching and learning of physics in secondary chools Retrieved from
"http://www.articlesbase.com/science-articles/teaching-aids-improvisation-in-the-teaching-and-learning-of-physics-in-secondaryschools-
5675240.html
Adeyemo, S.A. (2010). Teaching/ learning physics in Nigerian secondary school: The curriculum transformation, issues, problems and prospects.
International Journal of Educational Research and Technology,1 (1),99-111
24. References
References
Etukudo (2009). Teachers' Attitude and Skills As Correlates of Students' Achievement in Biology in Akwa Ibom State. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net.Teachers' Attitude and Skills As Correlates of Students' Achievement in Biology in Akwa Ibom State
Asare (2018). The role of Nigerian Teachers and parents: A pre-requisite for efficient and dynamic Curriculum Development. African Research
Review: An international multi-disciplinary journal. 3.1: 362 – 372.
Isola (2010). Laboratory and the Art of Improvisation. His Masters Media publisher, Makurdi. Education Resource Centre – Use of improvisation
and Learning Resources in Schools.
(Jegede, Adedayo, & Jegede, 2013). An Assessment of the Provision of Material Resources for Implementing Biology Programmed in Secondary
schools in Benue state. STAN Proceedings (2008). Pg 246-252.
(Njoku 2000). Science Laboratory and the Quality of output from secondary Schools in Ondo State. Asian Journal of Information Management 3,
(1): 23-30.
