What is Hypertension? Causes, Risk Factors and Types of Hypertension Medical Nutrition therapy for Hypertension Home Remedies

1. HYPERTENSION
 INTRODUCTION
 MNTs
 HOME REMEDIES

2. HYPERTENSION
Persistently high arterial blood pressure,
defined as systolic blood pressure above
140 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure
above 90 mm Hg

3. Cont’d…
Blood pressure is the force of blood against
the walls of arteries
Blood pressure rises and falls throughout
the day
When blood pressure stays elevated over
time, it’s called high blood pressure
The medical term for high blood pressure is
hypertension

5. TYPES
1. Essential or Primary Hypertension:
Cause is unknown
95% of people
no symptoms, may experience
headaches, tiredness, dizziness, or nose
bleeds
Obesity, smoking, alcohol & diet play
role

6. 2. Secondary hypertension:
Cause is known
Abnormality in the arteries supplying
blood to the kidneys
Airway obstruction during sleep,
 Diseases and tumors of the adrenal
glands, hormonal abnormalities, thyroid
disease
 Too much salt or alcohol in the diet

7. CAUSES

8. RISK FACTORS
Abnormal high blood pressure
Family history of hypertension
Excessive salt intake
Being overweight/obese
Physical inactivity
Alcohol consumption

9. MNT- MEDICAL NUTRITION
THERAPY

10. UNCONTROLLED HYPERTENSION
Leads to increased
Workload on heart
Damage to arteries
Atherosclerosis
Coronary heart disease esp. CHF
Strokes
Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)
Kidney damage
Microvascular hemorrhages in brain and eye

11. DASH Diet
Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
Works within 14 days
Lowers BP quite well
Includes more potassium, calcium,
other nutrients

12. DASH Diet-cont’d
Pattern
7-8 servings of whole grains
4-5 servings of vegetables
4-5 servings of fruits
2-3 servings of low-fat or fat-free dairy
products
6 oz. or less lean meat/poultry/fish
4-5 servings nuts, beans, or legumes/week
2-3 servings fat (total kcal = 27% fat)

13. DASH Diet Website
◦ www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/hbp
/dash/new_dash.pdf

14. LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS
◦ Lose weight if overweight
◦ Limit alcohol
◦ Increase physical activity
◦ Decrease sodium intake
◦ Keep potassium intake at adequate levels
◦ Take in adequate amounts of calcium and magnesium
◦ Decrease intake of saturated fat and cholesterol
◦ Stop smoking

15. HOME REMEDIES
Grind equal quantities of dried watermelon seeds and
poppy seeds (khuskhus). Take one teaspoon of this
mixture in the morning on an empty stomach and
again in the evening.
Mix five or six drops of garlic juice in four teaspoons of
water and take it twice a day.

16. Cont’d…
Bananas are one fruit that people with high blood
pressure can eat regularly to control it. Bananas are a
rich source of potassium, which lessens the effect of
sodium.
Cut ginger into small pieces, put a small piece in a tea
pan, add half a cup of water, 1 tsp. of sugar to the
water, and keep it to boil, strain it and drink twice or
thrice a day.

17. SUMMARY
◦ Lifestyle modifications for prevention of
hypertension—quite effective!
◦ Management of hypertension—very important to
reduce risk of heart attack
or stroke!