Management involves coordinating efforts to accomplish goals using resources efficiently. It includes planning by anticipating the future and alternatives, organizing by determining structure and allocating jobs, leading by motivating people, and controlling by measuring performance and guiding it toward goals. The evolution of management thought includes classical, neo-classical, and modern approaches.

1. Sagar Ajagaonkar(01). Samir Beloshe(02).
Ujjal Bhandare(03). Vishal Bhosale(04).
1

2. Management in businesses and organizations
is the function that coordinates the efforts of
people to accomplish goals and objectives by
using available resources efficiently and
effectively.
2

3.  To keep/maintain a track whether all the inputs are utilized wisely towards
the organizational goals.
 To inject creativity, discipline, and enthusiasm into areas in which they
either don't exist or they're not necessarily wanted.
 People who work for managers must realize that it is their job to make
their managers value them.
3

4. 4

5. Planning..
Anticipating the future Discovering alternative
courses that are open.
Planning is an
ongoing step that can
be highly specialized
based on an
organization's goals,
division goals,
departmental goals and
team goals. It is up to
the manager to
recognize what goals
need to be planned
within their individual
area.
5

6. Organizing..
Determining structure and allocations of jobs
• Identification and
Division of Work.
• Departmentalization.
• Assignment of Duties.
• Establishing Reporting
Relations.
6

7. Leading..
Working with and through people to accomplish
Organizational Goals.
Effective Leading requires the manager to motivate
subordinates, communicate effectively, and effectively use
power.
7

8. Controlling..
Measuring current performance
Guiding it towards some predetermined goals.
Controlling consists of three steps, which include
establishing performance standards, comparing actual performance
against standards, and taking corrective action when necessary.
&
8

9. Management Process..
Inputs Output
Management Process
•Men
•Money
•Materials
•Machines
•Methods
•Market
Planning Leading Controlling
Organizing Motivating Staffing
Objectives
End Results
9

10. Elements of Management Process
1. Planning:-
Planning means defining goals for future
organizational performance and deciding on the tasks
and use of resources needed to attain them.
Processes involved in Planning Phase:-
• Evaluating environmental forces and organizational
resources
• Establishing a set of organizational goals
• Developing strategies and plans to achieve the stated
goals
• Formulating a decision-making process
10

11. Contd..
2. Organizing:-
Organizing involves the assignment of tasks, the
grouping of tasks into departments, and the allocation of
resources to departments
Processes involved in Organizing Phase:-
• Developing the structure of the organization.
• Acquiring and training human resources.
• Establishing communication patterns and networks.
• Determining the method of grouping these activities and
resources is the organizing process.
11

12. Contd..
3. Leading:-
Leading is the use of influence to motivate
employees to achieve organizational goals.
Processes involved in Leading Phase:-
• Motivating Employees.
• Influencing Employees.
• Forming Effective Groups.
12

13. Contd..
4. Controlling:-
Controlling means monitoring employee’s
activities, determining whether the organization is on
target toward its goals, and making correction as
necessary.
Processes involved in Controlling Phase:-
• Evaluating and rewarding employee performance.
• Controlling financial, informational, and physical resources.
13

14. Contd..
5. Communicating:-
Communication is necessary for the exchange of
facts, opinions, ideas and information between
individual’s and departments.
Processes involved in Communication Phase:-
• Keeping Self-updated with all around him/her.
• Should be good listener and accurate broadcaster.
• Understanding Employees needs/wants.
14

15. Contd..
6. Coordinating:-
Coordination and integration of activities of
different departments are essential for orderly working
of an Organization.
Processes involved in Coordination Phase:-
• Avoiding misdirection and wastages and brings unity of action
in the Organization.
• Acting as a middle-man between Top-Level Management &
Employees.
15

16. Management Thoughts..
Management thought is an evolutionary concept.
The evolution of management thoughts can be studied in the
following broad stages:-
1. The Classical Theory of Management (Classical
Approach).
2. The Neo-classical theory of Management.
3. The Modern Theory of Management.
16

17. Contd..
1. The Classical Theory of Management:-
They are further sub-divided into 3 streams
 Bureaucratic Management:-Bureaucratic
Management relies on rules, a set of hierarchy and a
clear division of labour and detailed procedures. This
viewpoint is associated with Max Weber in year 1984.
It prescribes 5 characteristics
• System of Rules.
• Impersonality.
• Division of Labour.
• Hierarchical Structure.
• Rationality.
17

18. Contd..
1. The Classical Theory of Management:-
 Scientific Management:-Scientific Management was
led by F.W Taylor. It consists of four principles
• Replacing the rule of thumb by Scientific
Method.
• Selection, Training to develop the workman.
• Division of Work as per skill set.
• Cooperation between Management and
Workers.
18

19. Contd..
1. The Classical Theory of Management:-
 Administrative Management:- It was led by Henry
Fayol. It consists of 14 principles as follows:-
19

20. Contd..
2. Neo-classical Theory of Management:- The theory
emphasizes individual or group behavior & human relations in
determining the productivity. It is further divided into 2 parts.
• Human Relations Approach –
I. Improvement in classical concepts without
rejection.
II. Workers are not machines & managers should
recognize them as social beings and treat them
accordingly.
III. This approach tried to overcome the drawbacks of
Classical Management.
20

21. Contd..
2. Neo-classical Theory of Management:-.
• Behavioral Sciences Approach –
21

22. Contd..
3. Modern Theory of Management:-
• Quantitative Approach – These includes the
application of statistics, optimization models,
information models and computer simulations.
Branches of these approach are as follows.
• Management Science.
• Operations Management.
• MIS.
22

23. Contd..
3. Modern Theory of Management:-
• Systems Approach to Management –
It is also called as continual process thought
towards management
23

24. Contd..
3. Modern Theory of Management:-
• Contingency Approach to Management – It is the
modern thought towards management.
24

25. 25