2. TABLE OF CONTENT
1. INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING SERVICES
2. PROJECT INFORMATION
3. ELECTRICAL DESIGN
LIGHTINING DESIGN
POWER DESIGN
4. MECHANICAL DESIGN
PLUMBING DESIGN
DRAINAGE DESIGN
5. CONCLUSION
3. INTRODUCTION TO BUILDING SERVICES
Building services are the systems installed in buildings to make them comfortable, functional,
efficient and safe.
Building services might include:
Building control systems.
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC).
Circuit system.
Lighting.
Refrigeration.
Security and alarm systems.
Water, drainage and plumbing.
Generally, these services are essential for the building to function appropriately and
effectively.
4. PROJECT INFORMATION
The proposed Residential development is a storey building located at no 3,
Bamidele Abolaji Street, alakuko, Ifako ijaiye local government area, lagos.
The structure is a story building which consist of the ground floor where the first
living area, study, kitchen and bar are located.
The site area consist of the main building, water supply system and drainage
system.
The structure is powered by the Ikeja Electric Plc and has a stand by mikano
generator to supply electricity in the absence of supply of electricity from Ikeja
Electric.
The building is constructed on a plot of land 36m by 18m occupying a building foot
print of 199.1 sqm.
5. ELECTRICAL DESIGN
Lighting design- The lumen design method was use to determine the lighting layout that will provide the required
illuminance in each room.
Power circuit- the design of the power circuit is base on the anticipated appliance loadings applying the ring circuit
consideration
Air conditioning circuit- the design adopted was the Rule of thumb method of design.
Using reference method B of table 402 A (enclosed) 1 two –core cable, with or without protective conductor single phase a.c
method of design was use in determining the cable size required for each circuit.
6. ELECTRICAL UTILITY DESIGN
Mode of supply- underground supply from the electrical supply authority to electrical pole of three
phase 4 wire from a secondary distribution transformer.
Supply type system to the building- Three phase meter 4 wire of 415v supply to the whole building
from a three phase 4 wire from a secondary distribution transformer.
Supply system to each floor of the building- Single phase 3 wires of 220v supply to each floor.
Supply system to site surrounding- Single phase 3 wires of 220v supply to anything away from the
building eg water pump.
Earthing system used- TT system.
Frequency- 50Hz
Distribution board- Type 100A TPN 5 way MCB Distribution board to each floor and external
surroundings
7. LIGHTING DESIGN
THE LUMEN METHOD
Te determine te total number of luminaires required to produce a given illuminance
by te lumen metod, te formular below can be applied:
N=E x A
n x F x UF x MF
N=Number of Luminaires required
A=Area of space to be lit
n=number of lamps or luminaire
UF=Utilization Factor
MF=Maintenance Factor
F=Lamp lumen output per luminaire
E=Illuminance required; this is chosen based on the use of the space
8. ILLUMINANCE REQUIRED
ROOM TYPE LIGHT LEVEL(LUX)
LIVING AREA 500
LOBBY 100
DINNING AREA 200
BAR 100
STORE 100
TOILET 100
STUDY 300
STAIRCASE 100
KITCHEN 300
BEDROOM 300
VERANDA 100
9. TYPE OF LIGTINING
1. Light used inside the building(master bedroom, study, living Area)
Name :Philips Green perform IP20
Voltage:22W
Lumen:2200lm
Life Cycle :50000hrs
2. Light used inside the building (all bathrooms and toilets)
Name :Philips EnduraLED waterproof IP65
Voltage:38W
Lumen:4000lm
Life Cycle :50000hrs
11. AIR CONDITIONING
The Air conditioning system of tis building was designed using the rule of
thumb method.
Using tis method , the following factors considered;
1.Area of the room
2.eigt of the room
3.Volume of the room
4.HP Required
5. Power Ratings of the required ACH
12. Circuit design
LC1 Lighting circuit in ground floor
LC2 Lighting circuit in first floor
RC Ring circuit
AC Air conditioning circuit
15. MECHANICAL DESIGN
Water supply system adopted is an Indirect system of supply
This is a system of water supply where water is fed from the mains usually
controlled by a valve to the overhead tank and then supplies water to different
floors by gravity.
Submersible pump capacity for borehole design-1.5 hp water pump.
Surface pump capacity for overhead tank design-1.5 hp water pump.
Average users of water- 6 persons
Daily water supply- 2000 litres/day
Time take to fill tank- 20 minutes
Supply pipe used- UPVC (unplasticized polyvinylcloride)
Drainage pipe used- PVC pipe(polyvinylchloride)
16. WATER SYSTEM AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM PIPE SIZE CHART
For water supply distribution, pipe is selected base on the typical supply pipe diameter(imperial)
For supply system
House mains
Borehole 1” UPVC
Overhead tank ¾”cwp ( house service pipe fixed to overhead tank supplying water to
ground floor)
Riser pipe ¾”cwp(Riser pipe is connected to the house service pipe supplying
water from ground floor to upper floor)
Wash basin ½”cwp
Water closet ½”cwp
For drainage system pipe selection, is base on the number of fixtures unit/ load factor.in
each toilet compactment there is a total of three water closet and washbasin
A Mai
n
dra
in
siz
e
Pipe size (ventilation) Pipe size (drain waste) No of
fixtures
vent trap wwp swp
Wash basin 50
m
m
2” 2” 2” 3
Floor drain 50
m
m
2” 3
Water closet 100
m
m
4” 4” 4” 3
17. CONCLUSION
Building services play a central role in contributing to the design of a building
, not only in terms of overall strategies and standards to be achieved but also
in façade engineering, sizes and location of equipment.
It has a considerable influence on the sustainability and energy demand of a
building as well as the health and well being of its occupants.
Proper design of Building services is a prerequisite for a sustainable building.
