GSM based electricity theft control system that intimates through message when slightest action for theft is made and also sends us message about the unit consumed.
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Electricity theft control
1. INTRODUCTION
Power utilities in different countries especially in the developing ones
are incurring huge losses due to electricity theft. To overcome this, a smart energy
metering system is employed to control electricity theft. In this system a smart
energy meter is installed in every consumer unit and a server is maintained at the
service provider side. Both the meter and the server are equipped with GSM
module which facilitates bidirectional communication between the two ends using
the existing GSM infrastructure.
Facilities to control meter bypassing and tampering are present. The
bidirectional GSM communication using SMS ensures the effectiveness of these
facilities. Pilferage of electricity can be substantially reduced by incorporating the
proposed measures along with the prepaid metering scheme, which is optional.
Consumers can easily recharge their energy meter by sending a PIN number
hidden in a scratch card to the server using SMS. Legal actions against dishonest
consumers can also be taken in this system
2. EXISTING PROJECT
Link method of on-spot monitoring facility:
It is a series link method which is used between standard electric energy meter and the user’s
single phase electric energy meter. Standard electricity measure module is connected in series
between the user single-phase electric energy meter and fire wire, zero wire of enter user, the
output of standard electricity measure module and the user’s single phase electric energy
meter are separately photoelectric isolated, then outputted to the microcontroller to measure
electricity
3. Electricity-stealing defense principle of link method facility:
Circuital voltage and current are monitored by standard electricity
measure module in real time. When loaded by using electricity, standard
electricity measure module outputs impulse which has a proportional
relationship with power (the number of output impulse per kilowatt), the
output of user single phase electric energy meter also has a proportional
relationship with power.
If electricity stealing is took place, the user single phase electric
energy meter cannot measure accurately, then discrepancies will come up
between the number of output impulse in standard electricity measure
module and user single-phase electric energy meter in unit time, it is
considered electricity-stealing happen or user electric energy abnormal when
the discrepancies accumulative total arrives certain level.
4. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
In our project the power utility maintains a server and each consumer is
provided an energy meter. The server and energy meters use GSM modem and
GSM module respectively to communicate with each other using the GSM network.
This project is designed for power theft prevention. First we measure the output
power of EB station and send this power level to the microcontroller through signal
conditioner. Mainly power theft occurs in the middle of the two distribution
systems. Each distribution output power level is sensed and sent to the
microcontroller through signal conditioner. If both the power levels are equal,
there is no power theft but if the power level is unequal power theft has occurred in
the transmission line.
When we detect the unequal power level of transmission line, the
microcontroller is connected to the alarm. If power theft occurs then the controller
sends the information through GSM. To receive the SMS and alert to the EB
persons and take immediate action to drop the power theft. And also in this project
the EB meter reading that is Unit and amount through sensing unit(Digital energy
meter) and Update Mobile.
11. ENERGY METER
Electronic Energy Meter
Electronic meters display the energy used on an LCD or LED or cyclometer display, and
some can also transmit readings to remote places. In addition to measuring energy used, electronic
meters can also record other parameters of the load and supply such as instantaneous and maximum
rate of usage demands, voltages, power factor and reactive power used etc. They can also support
time-of-day billing, for example, recording the amount of energy used during on-peak and off-peak
hours. Electric utilities use electric meters installed at customers premises to measure electric energy
delivered to their customers for billing purposes. They are typically calibrated in billing units, the
most common one being the kilowatt hour [kWh]. They are usually read once each billing period.
In settings when energy savings during certain periods are desired, meters may measure
demand, the maximum use of power in some interval. "Time of day" metering allows electric rates to
be changed during a day, to record usage during peak high-cost periods and off-peak, lower-cost,
periods. Also, in some areas meters have relays for demand response load shedding during peak load
periods.
12.
13. GSM
GSM is an open, digital cellular technology used for transmitting
mobile voice and data services. GSM differs from first generation wireless
systems in that it uses digital technology and time division multiple access
transmission methods. GSM is a circuit-switched system that divides each
200kHz channel into eight 25kHz time-slots. GSM operates in the
900MHz.
GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) is the
technology that underpins most of the world's mobile phone networks.
The GSM platform is a hugely successful wireless technology and an
unprecedented story of global achievement and cooperation. GSM has
become the world's fastest growing communications technology of all
time and the leading global mobile standard, spanning 210 countries.
19. Commands used in GSM:
Commands always start with AT (which means ATtention) and finish with
a <commands> character.
Commands Details
AT To initialize
ATD mob.no; To call
ATA To attend the call
ATH To hang the call
AT+CMGF=1 To set frame
AT+CMGS=“mob no” To send msg edit the mob no.
AT+CMGD=1 To delete the first msg
AT+CMGR=1 To read the first msg.
20. RS 232 DRIVER CIRCUIT
A standard serial interfacing for PC, RS232C, requires negative logic, i.e., logic '1' is -3V to -
12V and logic '0' is +3V to +12V. To convert a TTL logic, say, TxD and RxD pins of the uC
chips, thus need a converter chip. A MAX232 chip has long been using in many uC boards. It
provides 2-channel RS232C port and requires external 10uF capacitors.
23. Compilers
There are various C compilers are available in the market for each processor
families. For MCS-51 series the famous compilers are:
RIDE-51 from Raisonance
KEIL-51 from Keil
IAR-51 from IAR Compilers
PHYTHON
Here we use RIDE-51 for 89c51.
The programming in high-level language like embedded C, Embedded Linux will be
converted to hex code with the help of these compilers.
26. Downloader
• Flash Magic is a PC tool for programming flash based
microcontrollers from NXP using a serial or Ethernet protocol
while in the target hardware.
• It was created for Windows byEmbedded Systems Academy,
Inc..