Mainly dealing with absorption and distribution

1. PRESENTED BY,
ABITH BABURAJ

2.  The study of the disposition of a drug
 The disposition of a drug includes the processes of ADME
 Absorption
 Distribution
 Metabolism
 Excretion
 Drug concentration at sites of action influenced by several
factors, such as:
◦ Route of administration
◦ Dose
◦ Characteristics of drug molecules (e.g., lipid solubility)

4.  3 main – bioavailability of drug
 Cmax: point of max conc. In plasma.
◦ Expressed in mcg/ml
◦ Dependent on
 Dose administered
 Rate of absorption
 Rate of elemination
 Tmax: time taken to attain Cmax
 Expressed in hrs
 Onset of action is depended on tmax
 AUC: total integrated area under plasma level-time and
expresses the amount of drug that reaches the systemic
circulation

6.  Routes of Drug Administration
◦ Oral (per os, p.o.)
◦ Inhalation
 vapors, gases, smoke
◦ Mucous membranes
 intranasal (sniffing)
 sublingual
 rectal suppositories
◦ Injection (parenteral)
 intravenous (IV)
 intramuscular (IM)
 subcutaneous (SC)
 intraperitoneal (IP; nonhumans only)
◦ Transdermal

7.  The process by which drug proceeds from the site of
administration to the site of measurement (blood stream)
within the body.
 Necessary for the production of a therapeutic effect.
 Most drugs undergo gastrointestinal absorption. This is extent
to which drug is absorbed from gut lumen into portal
circulation
 Exception: IV drug administration

12.  The movement of drug from the blood
to and from the tissues
 Determined by:
 • partitioning across various membranes
 •binding to tissue components
 •binding to blood components (RBC, plasma protein)
 •physiological volumes