6. Definition
 According to Bio-medical Waste
management and Handling rules
1998 of India-
“Biomedical waste means any waste
which is generated during the diagnosis,
treatment or immunization of human
being or animals or in research activities
maintaining there to or in the production
or of biological.”

7. Principles of biomedical waste
management
 Waste minimization & recycling.
 To identify the points of waste
generation.
 Waste segregation at source.
 Compiling the inventory of waste.
 Waste collection & transportation.
 Waste treatment.
 Final disposal.
 Occupational safety.
 Continuous monitoring of the system.

16. Advantages &
disadvantages of
disposal methods
used:

18. Rotary kiln

24. Disposal of hospital waste & law
Safe disposal of biomedical waste is
now a legal requirement in our country.
For this, the govt. of India first enacted
an environment protection Act in 1986
that satisfied the Biomedical Waste
Management and Handling Rule 1998.

25. Contd.
According to which, it shall be duty of
every occupier of an institute generating
hospital/ biomedical waste, which
includes- hospital, nursing home, clinic,
dispensary, veterinary institute, animal
house, pathological lab, & blood bank to
take all steps to ensure that waste is
handled without any adverse effect to
human health and environment.

26. So, different provisions and schedules has
been put forward about safe disposal of
bio-wastes by BMW (management &
Handling) Act 1998. It has two schedules:
 Schedule I- categories of biomedical waste
in India
 Schedule II- color coding & type of
container for waste disposal.

29. Collection and segregation
 Hospital waste should be collected at
the site of generation only. Segregation
aims to keep the harmful and infected
material separate from harmless wastes.
For this, use of specially coloured bins
and plastic bag is mandatory.

31. Facts should be kept in mind during
collection & Segregation :
 Bins & bags should bear the symbol of
biomedical hazards.

32. Contd..
 Never mix infectious waste with non-
infectious waste.
 Needles should be destroyed with a
needle cutter and all sharps must be
disinfected before they are finally
disposed off.
 All sharps should be kept in puncture
proof box and labeled properly.

33.  Disposable items (syringes, catheters,
etc.) should be mutilated and chemically
disinfected.
 Waste should not spill outside. Non-
infectious waste can be dealt with as
normal household waste.

40. Disposal techniques

41. Techniques:
1. Chemical disinfection
2. Thermal measures (Wet and dry)
• Autoclave
• Hydroclave
3. Microwave Irradiation
4. Incineration

44. Wastes to be incinerated:
 Human body parts, blood
 Animal wastes
 Laboratory wastes
 Dressing materials.

45. Wastes not to be
incinerated:

47. Techniques.. Contd…
 Inertization
 Landfill

49. Safety and nurse

50. Conclusion
 Biomedical wastes are one of the major
causes of infection in the hospital settings.
So, it’s the responsibility of the hospital
authority along with the health team to
collect, segregate, transport and store and
dispose it off to safeguard the people from
hospital acquired infections.
 Individual participation is needed.
Municipality and government should pay
importance to disposal of waste
economically. Thus, educating and
motivating oneself first is important and
then preach others about it.