21- Phylogeny illustrates D- Variation A- Common ancestry- B- Genctic.pdf
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21. Phylogeny illustrates D. Variation A. Common ancestry. B. Genctic drift. 22. Which of the following is an example of a convergent train? A. The shared five-digit character state in tetrapod vertebrates. B. The multiple hemoglobin genes in the jawed vertebrates. C. The triangular dorsal fin in sharks and dolphins. D. All the above would be considered convergent traits. 23. Phylogenetic trees may be used to display relationships among which of the following. A. Species B. Genes C. Cells D. All the above 24. Characters are referred to as being homologous if A. They evolved independently in two taxa because of a common environment. B. They were acquired through horizontal gene transfer. C. They are similar because they were inherited from a shared ancestor D. They evolved as the result of a gene duplication event. 25. According to the theory of natural selection, A. adaptations beneficial in one habitat should generally be beneficial in all other habitats. B. different individuals occupying the same habitat will adapt to that habitat through the same genetic changes. C. adaptations beneficial at one time should generally be beneficial during all other times. D. well-adapted individuals leave more offspring, and thus contribute more to the next generation's gene pool. than do poorly adapted individuals. 26. The studies of changes between black and light color in populations of the peppered moth show that A. natural selection can quickly change allele frequencies and common phenotypes in a population B. species can always adapt to environmental changes C. predators always prefer light colored moths D. natural selection produces irreversible changes.
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20- The theory of natural ieloction does not depend ce which of the fo.pdf
20. The theory of natural ieloction does not depend ce which of the following? A. Heritability B.
Purpose C. Keproductive sucees: 21. Phylogeny illustntes D. Variation A. Common ancestry, B.
Genetic dritt. 22. Whisch of the following is an example of a converyest traic? B. The multiple
hemogoblobia genes in the jawed ver C. The triangular denal fin in dharkx and dolphins 23. Phy
logenctic trees may be used to dipplay relationstips among which of the follawing- 24. Chameten
are refermed to as being homologous if A. They ewolved independeraty is two taxa because of a
cowinon environment. B. They were acequired through horinotal gece trans fer. C. They are
similar because they were inherited from a shured ascetor D. They evolved as the result of a gere
duplication event. 25. Accondiag to the theory of natural selection, A. adeptations beneficial in
one habiad should generally be beneficial in all cether habitas. B. differeat individuals occupying
the same habiat will adapt to that babitat through the same genetie changes. C. Adeptations
beneffial at one time should generally be beneficial during all other times. D. welladapted
individuals leave more offspring and thus costribute more to the next generation's gene pool.
than do poorly adepted individuals. 26. The studies of changes between black and light color in
populations of the peppered moth show that A. natural selection ean quickly change allele
frequencies and common phenotypes in a population B. species caa always adept to
eavironmental changes C. predators aluays prefer light colored moths D. natural selection
produces irreversible changes 27. How does artificial selection produce rapid changes in the
phenotype of organisms? A. by changing the frequency of alleles and selecting for new
combinations of traits. B. by stimalating the species to increase the production of new mutations.
C. by changing the number of chromosomes. D. by selecting only dominant genotypes. 28.
Selection at the level of is likely to be the most important because the numbers and turnover tates
of these entities are greater than those of the other levels. A. genes B. populations C. species D.
subspecies 29. Of the main mechanisms of evolutionary change. Which mechanism is the only
one below that relies on only adaptive evolutionary change? A. Mutation. B. Gene flow, C.
Genetic drift. D. Natural selection. 30. Darwin's Theory of evolution by natural selection is based
on all of the following postulates except: A. some individuals are more successful in surviving
and reproduction than others. B. at least in part, variations among individuals are passed on from
parents to offspring. C. the survival and reproduction of individuals is always random..
20- The theory of natural ueloction does not depend on whicb of the fo.pdf
20. The theory of natural ueloction does not depend on whicb of the following? A. Heriabibity B.
Marpone C. Repruductive nuccess D. Variation 21. Phylogery illistrates A. Comiman ancestry,
B. Genctie drift. C. Natural selection. D. Panticulate inheritance. 22. Which of the sollowing is
an ecample of a conkergent trair? A. The shancd five-digit character state in tetrapod vertebrates.
9. The multiple hemoglobin genes in she jawed vertebrates. 6. The triangaine doesal fin in tharks
and dolphins. D. All the sbeve mould be considered ceenergent traits. 23. Thylogenetic trees may
tw used to display relationships among which of the following A. Species B. Genes c. fells D.
All the above 24. Charastens ate tefernd to as being homologous if A. They evelved
independently in fwo tasa tecause of a common cavironment. B. Thoy bere acquired threugh
horizontal gene transfer. C. They are similar because they were inherited froma a shared ancestor
D. They evolved as the result of a geae duplication event. 25. Acsording to the theory of natural
selection, A. adaptations bencficial in otie habitat sheuld generally be beneficial in all other
habitats. B. different individuals occupying the sume habitat will adapt to that habitat through the
same genetic changes. C. adaptations beneficial at one time should generally be beneficial during
all other times. D. Heli-adapted individuals leave more offspring, and thus contribute more to the
next generation's gene pool. than do poorly adapted individaals. 26. The studies of changes
between black and light color in populations of the peppered moth show that A. aatural selection
cas quiekly ehange allele frequencies and common phenotypes in a population B. species ean
always adapt to environmental changes C. predators always prefer light colored moths D. natural
selection produces irreversible changes 27. How does artificial selection produce rapid changes
in the phenotype of organisms? A. by changing the frequency of alleles and selecting for new
combinations of traits. B. by stimulating the species to increase the production of new mutations.
C. by changing the number of chromosomes. D. by selecting only dominant genotypes. 28.
Selection at the level of is likely to be the most important because the numbers and tumover ra of
these entities are greater than those of the other levels. A. gencs B. populations C. species D.
subspecies 29. Of the main mechanisms of evolutionary change. Which mechanism is the only
one below that relies on or adaptive evolutionary change? A. Mutation. B. Gene flow. C. Genetic
drift. D. Natural selection. 30. Darwin's Theory of evolution by natural selection is based on all
of the following postulates except: A. some individuals are more successful in surviving and
reproduction than others. B. at least in part, variations among individuals are passed on from
parents to offspring. C . the survival and reproduction of individuals is always random..
multiple choice choose right answer1. After you study a populatio.pdf
multiple choice: choose right answer
1. After you study a population of a butterfly species over several generations, you observe that
its average wing size is steadily increasing and is significantly larger in the more recent
generations. This is most likely an example of
a. genetic drift.
b. non-random mating.
c. disruptive selection.
d. directional selection.
e. genetic variation.
2. A volcano has wiped out a significant part of a spider population on a small island. This would
be considered an example of
a. natural selection.
b. disruptive selection.
c. the bottleneck effect.
d. balanced polymorphism.
e. relative fitness.
3. All but one of the following is required for a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Which one doesn’t
meet the requirements?
a. random mating
b. no mutations
c. large populations
d. no natural selection
e. gene flow Principles of Biology IIB 5
4. Heterozygote advantage is an example of
a. inbreeding.
b. balanced polymorphism.
c. genetic drift.
d. genetic variation.
e. directional selection.
5. Which of the following terms would you associate with genetic drift?
a. small populations
b. natural selection
c. disruptive selection
d. mutations
e. non-random mating
6. Autopolyploidy is an example of
a. hybrid breakdown.
b. hybrid inviability.
c. allopatric speciation.
d. sympatric speciation.
e. genetic drift.
7. A plant species with a chromosome number 2n=12 hybridizes with another species (2n=4) in
the same genus to produce a hybrid through allopolyploidy. The resulting new species has a
chromosome number of
a. 2n=4.
b. 2n=8.
c. 2n=12.
d. 2n=16.
e. 2n=32.
8. Based on chromosome numbers, banding patterns, and inversions, orangutans are most closely
related to
a. humans.
b. both humans and gorillas.
c. gorillas.
d. chimpanzees.
e. none of the above.
9. Figure 18.4 shows two species of Warbler. Their difference is based on
a. the biological species concept.
b. the ecological species concept.
c. the morphological species concept.
d. the phylogenetic species concept.
e. none of the above.
10. A species of flowering plant receives pollen from a different species. The pollen germinates,
but it is too short to reach the female ovules. This is an example of
a. ecological isolation.
b. temporal isolation.
c. mechanical isolation.
d. gametic isolation.
e. a postzygotic isolation mechanism.
11. Two organisms belonging to the same class would also be in the same
a. order.
b. genus.
c. species.
d. kingdom.
e. family.
12. Paraphyletic taxa
a. include groups with different ancestors.
b. all have one common ancestor and include all taxa derived from that common ancestor.
c. all have one common ancestor but do not include all taxa derived from that common ancestor.
d. are not based on parsimonious principles.
e. none of the above
13. Traditional phylogenetic systematists consider birds as a separate class from reptiles because
a. of sufficient morphological difference from their reptile ancestors.
b. birds are closely related to dinosaurs.
c. they .
Multiple Choice 1. A diagram that hypothesizes a set .pdf
Multiple Choice 1. A diagram that hypothesizes a set of organisms\' evolutionary relationships
to one another is a a. comparison tree. b. phylogenetic tree. c. classification tree. d. taxonomic
tree. e. species tree 2. By definition, a monophyletic lineage is a a. clade. lb. taxon. C. genus. d.
family. e. phylogenetic tree. 3. The Class Reptilia is a group of species that share a common
ancestor, but does not include all of that ancestor\'s descendants. It is therefore considered to be
a. monophyletic. b. polyphyletic. c. paraphyletic. d. an outgroup. e. a mosaic. 4. are widely used
for because they are the most likely indicators of evolutionary relationships. b. they are the most
likely to represent reproductive isolation among groups. c. they are easy to assess in preserved,
fossilized d. they are always the exact phenotypic expression of genotypes. e. they indicate
genetic relatedness. 5. Characters that provide evidence for evolutionary relationship are a.
homologous. b. analogous. C. taxonomic. d. convergent. e. morphological. 6. Fossils of plants
found in deeper geologic layers do not show vascular tissues, while fossils in shallower geologic
layers include some specimens with and some without vascular tissues. Thus, vascular ti in
plants is considered a character. ancestral b. mosaic c. primitive d. derived e. physiologically
essential
Solution
1. B phylogenetic tree
2.A clade a group of organism have common ancestor descendant is called clade.
3.C paraphyletic, where it share common ancestor but not a clade, such as archosuria, amniota,
diapsida,chelonia,lepidosauria, crocodylin
4.e to know about genetic relatedness.
5 C taxonomic character is the evidence of phylogenetic classification
6A ancestral character
7b branches of cladogram represents group of organisms share common ancestor.
8 a the crocodiles and birds share common ancestral origin.
9.e horizontal gene transfer.
10.a lemurs.. are a clade which consists of great apes..
1. Members of one species cannot successfully interbreed and produc.docx
1. Members of one species cannot successfully interbreed and produce fertile offspring with members of other species. This idea is known as
a. reproductive success.
b. punctuated evolution.
c. adaptive radiation.
d. the biological species concept.
e. geographic isolation.
2. The origin of new species, the extinction of species, and the evolution of major new features of living things are all changes that result from
a. macroevolution.
b. fitness.
c. speciation.
d. the biological species concept.
e. convergent evolution.
3. Which is a barrier that can contribute to reproductive isolation?
a. timing
b. behavior
c. habitat
d. incompatible reproductive structures
e. all of the above
4. Which of the following statements is false?
a. Horses and donkeys are separate species.
b. Two mules can mate and produce fertile offspring.
c. A horse and a donkey can mate and produce offspring.
d. Two donkeys can mate and produce fertile offspring.
e. Two horses can mate and produce fertile offspring.
5. The evolution of the penguin’s wing from a wing suited for flying to a “flipper-wing” used for swimming is an example of
a. refinement of existing adaptations.
b. reproductive isolation.
c. adaptation of existing structures to new functions.
d. inheritance of acquired characteristics.
e. the biological species concept.
6. Which of the following have been preserved as fossils?
a. dinosaur footprints
b. insects preserved in amber
c. petrified plant remains
d. animal bones
e. all of the above
7. The mass extinctions that included the dinosaurs took place during which period?
a. Cambrian (543–510 million years ago)
b. Devonian (409–363 million years ago)
c. Carboniferous (363–290 million years ago)
d. Jurassic (206–144 million years ago)
e. Cretaceous (144–65 million years ago)
8. The development of the complex, camera-like eye of a mammal is an example of
a. refinement of existing adaptations.
b. reproductive isolation.
c. adaptation of existing structures to new functions.
d. inheritance of acquired characteristics.
e. the biological species concept.
9. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Carbon-14 dating is useful for studying the age of early dinosaur fossils.
b. Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,730 years.
c. Uranium-238 has a very short half-life.
d. Uranium-238 is present in all organisms.
e. Carbon-12 is not found in living plants.
10. Which of the following provides the best explanation for why Australia has so many organisms unique to that continent?
a. punctuated equilibrium
b. the biological species concept
c. convergent evolution
d. continental drift
e. cladistics
11. Scientists think that a meteor that fell in ____________________ may have led to the extinction of the dinosaurs.
a. Australia
b. the Yucatán peninsula
c. The Galápagos Islands
d. Pangaea
e. India
12. The great diversit.
Part A.Plants, fungi and animals are all MULTICELLULAR organisms. .pdf
Part A.
Plants, fungi and animals are all MULTICELLULAR organisms. Based on the phylogeny above
this is due to:
e. Shared ancestry
Part B
Plants, fungi, and animals all have EUKARYOTIC cells. This is due to:a. Homologyb.
Convergent evolutionc. Aggregation of Archaea cells into coloniesd. Multiple endosymbiotic
events
e. Shared ancestry
Part B
Plants, fungi, and animals all have EUKARYOTIC cells. This is due to:a. Homologyb.
Convergent evolutionc. Oxygen catastrophed. Allopatric speciatione. Both C and D
Solution
Part B
Plants, fungi, and animals all have Multicellular organisms. This is due to convergent evolution.
Convergent evolution is the process whereby organisms, which are not closely related,
independently evolve similar traits that results from adaptation to similar environments.
Hence, the correct option is b. Convergent evolution.
Part B
Plants, fungi, and animals all have EUKARYOTIC cells. This is due to homology. In this
context, homology is the existence of shared ancestry between organisms.
Hence, the correct option is a. homology..
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20- The theory of natural ieloction does not depend ce which of the fo.pdf
20. The theory of natural ieloction does not depend ce which of the following? A. Heritability B.
Purpose C. Keproductive sucees: 21. Phylogeny illustntes D. Variation A. Common ancestry, B.
Genetic dritt. 22. Whisch of the following is an example of a converyest traic? B. The multiple
hemogoblobia genes in the jawed ver C. The triangular denal fin in dharkx and dolphins 23. Phy
logenctic trees may be used to dipplay relationstips among which of the follawing- 24. Chameten
are refermed to as being homologous if A. They ewolved independeraty is two taxa because of a
cowinon environment. B. They were acequired through horinotal gece trans fer. C. They are
similar because they were inherited from a shured ascetor D. They evolved as the result of a gere
duplication event. 25. Accondiag to the theory of natural selection, A. adeptations beneficial in
one habiad should generally be beneficial in all cether habitas. B. differeat individuals occupying
the same habiat will adapt to that babitat through the same genetie changes. C. Adeptations
beneffial at one time should generally be beneficial during all other times. D. welladapted
individuals leave more offspring and thus costribute more to the next generation's gene pool.
than do poorly adepted individuals. 26. The studies of changes between black and light color in
populations of the peppered moth show that A. natural selection ean quickly change allele
frequencies and common phenotypes in a population B. species caa always adept to
eavironmental changes C. predators aluays prefer light colored moths D. natural selection
produces irreversible changes 27. How does artificial selection produce rapid changes in the
phenotype of organisms? A. by changing the frequency of alleles and selecting for new
combinations of traits. B. by stimalating the species to increase the production of new mutations.
C. by changing the number of chromosomes. D. by selecting only dominant genotypes. 28.
Selection at the level of is likely to be the most important because the numbers and turnover tates
of these entities are greater than those of the other levels. A. genes B. populations C. species D.
subspecies 29. Of the main mechanisms of evolutionary change. Which mechanism is the only
one below that relies on only adaptive evolutionary change? A. Mutation. B. Gene flow, C.
Genetic drift. D. Natural selection. 30. Darwin's Theory of evolution by natural selection is based
on all of the following postulates except: A. some individuals are more successful in surviving
and reproduction than others. B. at least in part, variations among individuals are passed on from
parents to offspring. C. the survival and reproduction of individuals is always random..
20- The theory of natural ueloction does not depend on whicb of the fo.pdf
20. The theory of natural ueloction does not depend on whicb of the following? A. Heriabibity B.
Marpone C. Repruductive nuccess D. Variation 21. Phylogery illistrates A. Comiman ancestry,
B. Genctie drift. C. Natural selection. D. Panticulate inheritance. 22. Which of the sollowing is
an ecample of a conkergent trair? A. The shancd five-digit character state in tetrapod vertebrates.
9. The multiple hemoglobin genes in she jawed vertebrates. 6. The triangaine doesal fin in tharks
and dolphins. D. All the sbeve mould be considered ceenergent traits. 23. Thylogenetic trees may
tw used to display relationships among which of the following A. Species B. Genes c. fells D.
All the above 24. Charastens ate tefernd to as being homologous if A. They evelved
independently in fwo tasa tecause of a common cavironment. B. Thoy bere acquired threugh
horizontal gene transfer. C. They are similar because they were inherited froma a shared ancestor
D. They evolved as the result of a geae duplication event. 25. Acsording to the theory of natural
selection, A. adaptations bencficial in otie habitat sheuld generally be beneficial in all other
habitats. B. different individuals occupying the sume habitat will adapt to that habitat through the
same genetic changes. C. adaptations beneficial at one time should generally be beneficial during
all other times. D. Heli-adapted individuals leave more offspring, and thus contribute more to the
next generation's gene pool. than do poorly adapted individaals. 26. The studies of changes
between black and light color in populations of the peppered moth show that A. aatural selection
cas quiekly ehange allele frequencies and common phenotypes in a population B. species ean
always adapt to environmental changes C. predators always prefer light colored moths D. natural
selection produces irreversible changes 27. How does artificial selection produce rapid changes
in the phenotype of organisms? A. by changing the frequency of alleles and selecting for new
combinations of traits. B. by stimulating the species to increase the production of new mutations.
C. by changing the number of chromosomes. D. by selecting only dominant genotypes. 28.
Selection at the level of is likely to be the most important because the numbers and tumover ra of
these entities are greater than those of the other levels. A. gencs B. populations C. species D.
subspecies 29. Of the main mechanisms of evolutionary change. Which mechanism is the only
one below that relies on or adaptive evolutionary change? A. Mutation. B. Gene flow. C. Genetic
drift. D. Natural selection. 30. Darwin's Theory of evolution by natural selection is based on all
of the following postulates except: A. some individuals are more successful in surviving and
reproduction than others. B. at least in part, variations among individuals are passed on from
parents to offspring. C . the survival and reproduction of individuals is always random..
multiple choice choose right answer1. After you study a populatio.pdf
multiple choice: choose right answer
1. After you study a population of a butterfly species over several generations, you observe that
its average wing size is steadily increasing and is significantly larger in the more recent
generations. This is most likely an example of
a. genetic drift.
b. non-random mating.
c. disruptive selection.
d. directional selection.
e. genetic variation.
2. A volcano has wiped out a significant part of a spider population on a small island. This would
be considered an example of
a. natural selection.
b. disruptive selection.
c. the bottleneck effect.
d. balanced polymorphism.
e. relative fitness.
3. All but one of the following is required for a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Which one doesn’t
meet the requirements?
a. random mating
b. no mutations
c. large populations
d. no natural selection
e. gene flow Principles of Biology IIB 5
4. Heterozygote advantage is an example of
a. inbreeding.
b. balanced polymorphism.
c. genetic drift.
d. genetic variation.
e. directional selection.
5. Which of the following terms would you associate with genetic drift?
a. small populations
b. natural selection
c. disruptive selection
d. mutations
e. non-random mating
6. Autopolyploidy is an example of
a. hybrid breakdown.
b. hybrid inviability.
c. allopatric speciation.
d. sympatric speciation.
e. genetic drift.
7. A plant species with a chromosome number 2n=12 hybridizes with another species (2n=4) in
the same genus to produce a hybrid through allopolyploidy. The resulting new species has a
chromosome number of
a. 2n=4.
b. 2n=8.
c. 2n=12.
d. 2n=16.
e. 2n=32.
8. Based on chromosome numbers, banding patterns, and inversions, orangutans are most closely
related to
a. humans.
b. both humans and gorillas.
c. gorillas.
d. chimpanzees.
e. none of the above.
9. Figure 18.4 shows two species of Warbler. Their difference is based on
a. the biological species concept.
b. the ecological species concept.
c. the morphological species concept.
d. the phylogenetic species concept.
e. none of the above.
10. A species of flowering plant receives pollen from a different species. The pollen germinates,
but it is too short to reach the female ovules. This is an example of
a. ecological isolation.
b. temporal isolation.
c. mechanical isolation.
d. gametic isolation.
e. a postzygotic isolation mechanism.
11. Two organisms belonging to the same class would also be in the same
a. order.
b. genus.
c. species.
d. kingdom.
e. family.
12. Paraphyletic taxa
a. include groups with different ancestors.
b. all have one common ancestor and include all taxa derived from that common ancestor.
c. all have one common ancestor but do not include all taxa derived from that common ancestor.
d. are not based on parsimonious principles.
e. none of the above
13. Traditional phylogenetic systematists consider birds as a separate class from reptiles because
a. of sufficient morphological difference from their reptile ancestors.
b. birds are closely related to dinosaurs.
c. they .
Multiple Choice 1. A diagram that hypothesizes a set .pdf
Multiple Choice 1. A diagram that hypothesizes a set of organisms\' evolutionary relationships
to one another is a a. comparison tree. b. phylogenetic tree. c. classification tree. d. taxonomic
tree. e. species tree 2. By definition, a monophyletic lineage is a a. clade. lb. taxon. C. genus. d.
family. e. phylogenetic tree. 3. The Class Reptilia is a group of species that share a common
ancestor, but does not include all of that ancestor\'s descendants. It is therefore considered to be
a. monophyletic. b. polyphyletic. c. paraphyletic. d. an outgroup. e. a mosaic. 4. are widely used
for because they are the most likely indicators of evolutionary relationships. b. they are the most
likely to represent reproductive isolation among groups. c. they are easy to assess in preserved,
fossilized d. they are always the exact phenotypic expression of genotypes. e. they indicate
genetic relatedness. 5. Characters that provide evidence for evolutionary relationship are a.
homologous. b. analogous. C. taxonomic. d. convergent. e. morphological. 6. Fossils of plants
found in deeper geologic layers do not show vascular tissues, while fossils in shallower geologic
layers include some specimens with and some without vascular tissues. Thus, vascular ti in
plants is considered a character. ancestral b. mosaic c. primitive d. derived e. physiologically
essential
Solution
1. B phylogenetic tree
2.A clade a group of organism have common ancestor descendant is called clade.
3.C paraphyletic, where it share common ancestor but not a clade, such as archosuria, amniota,
diapsida,chelonia,lepidosauria, crocodylin
4.e to know about genetic relatedness.
5 C taxonomic character is the evidence of phylogenetic classification
6A ancestral character
7b branches of cladogram represents group of organisms share common ancestor.
8 a the crocodiles and birds share common ancestral origin.
9.e horizontal gene transfer.
10.a lemurs.. are a clade which consists of great apes..
1. Members of one species cannot successfully interbreed and produc.docx
1. Members of one species cannot successfully interbreed and produce fertile offspring with members of other species. This idea is known as
a. reproductive success.
b. punctuated evolution.
c. adaptive radiation.
d. the biological species concept.
e. geographic isolation.
2. The origin of new species, the extinction of species, and the evolution of major new features of living things are all changes that result from
a. macroevolution.
b. fitness.
c. speciation.
d. the biological species concept.
e. convergent evolution.
3. Which is a barrier that can contribute to reproductive isolation?
a. timing
b. behavior
c. habitat
d. incompatible reproductive structures
e. all of the above
4. Which of the following statements is false?
a. Horses and donkeys are separate species.
b. Two mules can mate and produce fertile offspring.
c. A horse and a donkey can mate and produce offspring.
d. Two donkeys can mate and produce fertile offspring.
e. Two horses can mate and produce fertile offspring.
5. The evolution of the penguin’s wing from a wing suited for flying to a “flipper-wing” used for swimming is an example of
a. refinement of existing adaptations.
b. reproductive isolation.
c. adaptation of existing structures to new functions.
d. inheritance of acquired characteristics.
e. the biological species concept.
6. Which of the following have been preserved as fossils?
a. dinosaur footprints
b. insects preserved in amber
c. petrified plant remains
d. animal bones
e. all of the above
7. The mass extinctions that included the dinosaurs took place during which period?
a. Cambrian (543–510 million years ago)
b. Devonian (409–363 million years ago)
c. Carboniferous (363–290 million years ago)
d. Jurassic (206–144 million years ago)
e. Cretaceous (144–65 million years ago)
8. The development of the complex, camera-like eye of a mammal is an example of
a. refinement of existing adaptations.
b. reproductive isolation.
c. adaptation of existing structures to new functions.
d. inheritance of acquired characteristics.
e. the biological species concept.
9. Which of the following statements is true?
a. Carbon-14 dating is useful for studying the age of early dinosaur fossils.
b. Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,730 years.
c. Uranium-238 has a very short half-life.
d. Uranium-238 is present in all organisms.
e. Carbon-12 is not found in living plants.
10. Which of the following provides the best explanation for why Australia has so many organisms unique to that continent?
a. punctuated equilibrium
b. the biological species concept
c. convergent evolution
d. continental drift
e. cladistics
11. Scientists think that a meteor that fell in ____________________ may have led to the extinction of the dinosaurs.
a. Australia
b. the Yucatán peninsula
c. The Galápagos Islands
d. Pangaea
e. India
12. The great diversit.
Part A.Plants, fungi and animals are all MULTICELLULAR organisms. .pdf
Part A.
Plants, fungi and animals are all MULTICELLULAR organisms. Based on the phylogeny above
this is due to:
e. Shared ancestry
Part B
Plants, fungi, and animals all have EUKARYOTIC cells. This is due to:a. Homologyb.
Convergent evolutionc. Aggregation of Archaea cells into coloniesd. Multiple endosymbiotic
events
e. Shared ancestry
Part B
Plants, fungi, and animals all have EUKARYOTIC cells. This is due to:a. Homologyb.
Convergent evolutionc. Oxygen catastrophed. Allopatric speciatione. Both C and D
Solution
Part B
Plants, fungi, and animals all have Multicellular organisms. This is due to convergent evolution.
Convergent evolution is the process whereby organisms, which are not closely related,
independently evolve similar traits that results from adaptation to similar environments.
Hence, the correct option is b. Convergent evolution.
Part B
Plants, fungi, and animals all have EUKARYOTIC cells. This is due to homology. In this
context, homology is the existence of shared ancestry between organisms.
Hence, the correct option is a. homology..
Match the concept on the left to an example or definition on the righ.pdf
Match the concept on the left to an example or definition on the right. A. A shared derived
character B. A shared ancestral character C. A group containing all the descendants of a
common ancestor D. The similar body shape of a shark and a whale E. A group missing one or
more of the descendants of a common ancestor F. The same bones in similar positions in the
forelimbs of all vertebrates
Solution
1.) convergence- D.) Thee similar body shape of a shark and whale
explaination:in these unrelate or distantly related organism develope similar body form
2.) homology- B. a shared ancestral character
explaination: these is the similarity in the structure due to relatedness or common ancestory for
eg forelimb of man, bat , deer are same thus proving of mammalianancestory
3.)Monophyletic- C)A group containing all the descendants from a common ancestor
explaination: who have been derived from one common ancestor for eg: cousins of a family are
the descendant of grandfather
4.)Paraphyletic: E.) a group missing one or more descendants of a coomon ancestor
explaination: dicots and monocts, class reptilia as it exclude birds
5.)Synamorphy- A. A shared derived character
explaination:these are the characters possesed by two or more organism inherited from their
common ancestry for eg mammary gland in mammals
6.)Symplesiomorphy- F.) the same bones in similar position in the forelimb of vertebrate
explaination: shared primitive trait.
10- The ability to sing the oocat oflafect enables a bural to communic.docx
10. The ability to sing the oocat oflafect enables a bural to communicate more effectively with neighboring males This is an example of A. a physiologitat explarsation! 8. an adaptive value explanation c. a developmental explanation D. an explanation relating to evolutionary historv. 1.. Through the activation of dopamine receptors in rewars nuclei of the brain, voung adult white. crowned sparrows are motivated to match fheir kong as clotely as possible to that of their neighbors or futors This is an example of A. a physioloyical explanation Q. an astaptive vatue explanation C. a developmental explanation. D. an explanation telating to evolutionary history 12. When sameone syys that there is a gene for a behavior, they most fikely mean that. A. the behavior is unlikely to respond to selection, since there is no variation in the species. C. the role of the environment in affecting the development of that behavior. D. individuals with different forms of that gene development of the behavior is relatively large. of that behavior) 13. The proximate signficance of the fact that artificial selection population is that if A. shows that populations offen possess the potential for evofutionary change in the present, and so they could have been evolving in the past. a. demonstrates that C. demonstrates that the pepulation. D shows population is that it al selection often leads to change in the tested and so they could have been eften possess the potential for evolutionary change in the present. B. demonstrates that genetic differences are offer in the past. among the members of a populatic diffences are often responsible for phenotypic differences C. demonstrates that the environment has relatively lifte effect on the development attributes. 0. shows that most animai species have a long way to go in reaching their full evolutionary. potential.
.
Biology questions Please answer all of themTrue or false. If fals.pdf
Biology questions: Please answer all of them
True or false. If false then state correct answer
1. The frequency of crossing over decreases with the distance seperating genes on a
chromosome.
2. Codominant alleles are expressed equally.
3. Under normal rules of domininace, if two diffferent alleles are present, the dominant allele is
expressed.
4. A mutagen is a substance that causes a change in DNA.
Multiple Choice questions:
5. A DNA nucleotide does not contain A. adenine B. thymine C. uracil
6. Human blood type is determined by A. codominant alleles B. a dominant alleles C. multiple
alleles D. sex-linked genes
7. People who carry genetic disorders (carriers) are A. codominant alleles B. thymine C. uracil
D. cytosine
8. A method to trace the inheritance of a trait over many generations is called a A. carrier tree B.
pedigree C. phenotype D. genotype
9. The insertion or deletion of a single base pair of DNA results in a A. missense mutation B.
nonsense mutation C. duplication mutation D. frameshift mutation
10. Gregor Mendel called the generation created by crossbreeding the parental generation the A.
second parental generation B. cross filial generation C. duplication mutation D. frameshift
mutation.
11. A recessive trait is expressed only in a individual who is A. heterozygous B. homozygous C.
haploid D. polygenic
12. A tall pea plant (TT) and a tall pea plant (Tt) have the same A. alleles B. phenotype C.
genotype D. filial type
13. The faliure of homolougus chromosomes to seperate properly during meiosis is calles A.
nondisjunction B. disjunction C. zygote faliure D. telomere faliure
14. Watson and Crick\'s model of DNA replication is called A. conservation B. semiconservative
C. transcription D. translation
15. Pea plants usually reproduce by A. self-pollination B. cross-pollination C. teste-crossing D.
cloning
16. The pairs of alleles in an organism\'s genetic makeup are called A. phenptype B. genotype C.
parental type D. filial type
Solution
False: As the distance between two gene increases frequency of crossing over between them a
also increases. True : In co dominance both allele are expressed equally True: Cross between
plant having allele TT with plant having allele Tt will show dominant phenotype having
genotype Tt True: Mutation is any sudden change in gene/ DNA that can lead to alteration in
normal genetic make up of an organism False: DNA contain adenine , guanine , cytosine and
thymine; Uracil is present in RNA Co-dominant alleles Pedigree: Change in genetic make up
over generation can be seen in pedigree Missense mutation: Insertion or deletion can lead to
missense mutation First generation b. Homozygous B.Phenotype Non disjunction: is the failure
of homologous chromosome on sister chromatin to separate during cell division
b.Semiconservative model in which one strand is old and another new A. Mendel choose plant
which can do self pollination B.Genotype.
Heredity and evolution class 10th Questions
Ncert chapter heredity and evolution class X you can find questions for exam preparation and there is lot of questions based on heredity and evolution chapter for it is doc file it contain short or long answer type question and it is like question paper of school
BIO101 Midterm - Sacramento Valley Campus- June 2014TEST MName.docx
BIO101 Midterm - Sacramento Valley Campus- June 2014
TEST M
Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Homologous chromosomes ______.
A) include only the autosomes
B) separate during interphase
C) include only the sex chromosomes
D) are a set of chromosomes that the cell received from one parent
E) carry the same genes
1)
2) Glucose molecules provide energy to power the swimming motion of sperm. In this example,
the sperm are changing ______.
A) kinetic energy into chemical energy
B) chemical energy into potential energy
C) kinetic energy into potential energy
D) chemical energy into kinetic energy
E) none of the above
2)
3) Examine the genetic code table, shown below. The codon AGC codes for the amino acid ______. 3)
1
A) serine
B) alanine
C) glycine
D) threonine
E) arginine
4) Hypophosphatemia (vitamin D-resistant rickets) is inherited as an sex-linked dominant trait.
The relevant gene is found on the X chromosome. What is the expected outcome of a cross
between a homozygous recessive woman and a man with hypophosphatemia?
A) Seventy-five percent of their offspring exhibit hypophosphatemia.
B) Twenty-five percent of their offspring exhibit hypophosphatemia.
C) Fifty percent of their daughters and fifty percent of their sons exhibit hypophosphatemia.
D) All of their daughters and none of their sons exhibit hypophosphatemia.
E) All of their sons and none of their daughters exhibit hypophosphatemia.
4)
Please read the following paragraph and answer the following question(s).
Amanda's parents realized that her body was not developing properly about the time she was 12 years old. She was
shorter than most of her friends and was not going through changes normally associated with female puberty. They took
her to a doctor who initially diagnosed Amanda with Turner Syndrome because of her physical features. He ordered a
karyotype that confirmed his diagnosis. Amanda was born with only one X chromosome. Although there is no specific
cure, the doctor was able to treat her and correct some of the problems associated with the condition. For example, she
received growth hormone to improve her growth and estrogen to help her develop the physical changes of puberty.
5) Amanda's abnormal number of sex chromosomes resulted from ______.
A) random fertilization
B) independent assortment of chromosomes
C) cytokinesis
D) nondisjunction
E) crossing over
5)
6) Speciation requires ______.
A) long periods of time
B) geographic isolation
C) periods of rapid evolutionary change
D) a mass extinction so that new environmental opportunities will be available to the
survivors
E) genetic isolation
6)
7) The ability to tolerate lactose throughout life is most likely to be seen in ______.
A) Native Americans
B) East Asian populations
C) populations that live in cold climates
D) cultures that keep dairy herds
E) populations that live in wet climates
7)
2
8) Which of the foll ...
13-) Check out the tree on the right- Given the information in this tr.docx
13.) Check out the tree on the right. Given the information in this tree, which statement about primates and rodents/rabbits is true? a) They both have pre-orbital fenestra. b) Only rodents and rabbits have preorbital fenestra. c) They both have hair. d) Only primates form an amniotic egg. e) Rodents and rabbits are most closely related to crocodiles 14.) Use the tree from question 13 to answer the following; ray-finned fish are more closely related to primates than to sharks, a) True b) False 15.) The rise of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can be considered an example of artificial selection because: a) humans purposefully raise MRSA in large fermenters in an attempt to make the bacteria evermore resistant b) S. aureus is cultivated by humans to replenish the soil with nutrients c) humans synthesize methicillin and create environments in which bacteria frequently come into contact with methicillin d) humans are becoming resistant to bacteria by taking methicillin 16.) Which of the following statements best summarizes evolution as it is viewed today? a) It represents the result of selection for acquired characteristics b) It is synonymous with the process of gene flow c) It is the descent of humans from the present-day great apes d) It is the differential survival and reproduction of the most-fit phenotypes 17.) Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and gray wolves (Canis lupus) can interbreed to produce viable, fertile offspring. These species shared a common ancestor recently (in geologic time) and have a high degree of genetic similarity, although their anatomies vary widely. Judging from this evidence, which two species concepts are most likely to place dogs and wolves together into a single species? a) ecological and morphological b) ecological and phylogenetic c) morphological and phylogenetic d) biological and morphological e) biological and phylogenetic 18.) Linnaeus was a "fixist" who believed that species remained fixed in the form in which they had been created. Linnaeus would have been uncomfortable with: a) classifying organisms using the morphospecies concept b) the scientific discipline known as taxonomy c) phylogenies d) nested, ever-more inclusive categories of organisms e) a hierarchical classification scheme
.
10- When pure Hereford bull is crossed with pure Angus cow for Caracas.pdf
10. When pure Hereford bull is crossed with pure Angus cow for Caracas quality improvement,
this type of breeding is called ? A. Line breeding B. Straight breeding C. Cross breeding D.
Inbreeding E. None of the above F. Dominant G. Epistasis 11. When an F1 generation is bred to
either of its parents the type of crossing is known as ? A. Straight crossing B. Line breeding C.
Back crossing D. Inbreeding depression E. Cross breeding 12. Which of the following statements
was not one of Mendel's theories on the laws of genetic interaction. A. In a heterozygote, one
allele may conceal the presence of another. B. In a heterozygote, two different alleles segregate
from each other during the formation of gametes. C. Gametes have only one-half the genetic
material of normal body cells. D. The alleles of different genes segregate, or assort,
independently of each other. 13. Which of the following statements was not one of the cell
theory that describes the properties of a cell A. All living things are composed of one or more
cells. B. Cells are the smallest working units of all living things. C. All cells arise from pre-
existing cells through cell division D. All cells have a true nucleus and membrane-bound
organelles 14. Which of the following organelles is found only in animal cells. A. Lysosome and
centrioles B. Ribosomes and mitochondria C. Chloroplast and cell wall D. RNA and DNA.
Heredity and Evolution class 10 Science Study Material pdf download
Heredity is the fascinating study of how traits are passed down from one generation to the next. It forms the foundation for understanding the similarities and differences among living organisms, providing insights into the mechanisms of inheritance. From the color of our eyes to the texture of our hair, heredity influences a wide array of physical and physiological characteristics in all living beings.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Question 1 Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small .docx
Question 1
Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small populations describes the concept of
A.
convergent evolution.
B.
adaptive radiation.
C.
sympatric speciation.
D.
genetic drift.
E.
parapatric speciation.
5 points
Question 2
On a molecular level, all organisms
A.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in proteins, but use different genetic codes.
B.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, but different amino acids in proteins.
C.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in proteins, and use the same genetic code.
D.
show no similarities.
E.
use different means of storing genetic information.
5 points
Question 3
Which of the following is the best description of an adaptation?
A.
a trait that will be beneficial in the future
B.
a trait that was beneficial to survival in the past
C.
an environmental change that selects for certain traits
D.
a trait that is of no advantage to survival
E.
a trait that is currently beneficial to survival
5 points
Question 4
Which of the following statements about natural selection is true?
A.
All individuals within a population have an equal likelihood of survival. Survival is based on chance.
B.
Natural selection results in those individuals within a population who are best-adapted surviving and producing more offspring.
C.
Natural selection leads to extinction.
D.
Natural selection causes variations to arise within a population.
E.
Natural selection leads to increased likelihood of survival for certain individuals based on variation. The variation must come from outside the population.
5 points
Question 5
Embryonic development includes all of the following except
A.
cleavage.
B.
growth.
C.
organogenesis.
D.
gastrulation.
E.
fertilization.
5 points
Question 6
Vestigial organs
A.
include the human appendix and wisdom teeth and a snake’s hipbones.
B.
did not have a function when they first developed, but do so today.
C.
are not found in present-day organisms.
D.
are similar in many organisms.
E.
must have evolved individually in different organisms.
5 points
Question 7
Most mutations lead to a decreased chance of survival for the mutant organism. Rarely, a mutation can provide an increased chance of survival. These rare mutations provide a(n) _____________________ for the mutant.
A.
directional shift
B.
selective disadvantage
C.
adaptive
D.
selective advantage
E.
environmental susceptibility
5 points
Question 8
Which of the following is not true of the punctuated equilibrium theory?
A.
It suggests that most species undergo little phenotypic change during most of their evolutionary duration.
B.
It proposes that most evolutionary change is concentrated in relatively brief episodes of change.
C.
It was inspired in part by patterns observed in the fossil record.
D.
It appears to be well supported by the fossil record.
E.
It suggests that subgroups diverge and evolve at about equal and constant rates.
5 poin ...
Biological science Comprehensive LET Reviewer
Compiled across different sources
note: I do not own this file
1. An exergonic reaction ____________ . a. has the same amount of .pdf
1. An exergonic reaction ____________ .
a. has the same amount of energy in the reactants and the product
b. has reactants that contain more energy than the product
c. requires the input of energy
d. releases energy
2. Which of these is an example of a phenotype?
a. Bb
b. heterozygote
c. brown hair
d. answers a and c are both correct
3. Polar bodies are ____________ .
a. cells found in the arctic
b. formed during meiosis when sperm are made
c. formed during meiosis when eggs are made
d. an inactive X chromosome
4. True or false: living things are the only things that possess metabolism.
a. True b. False
5. Sister chromatids are produced (not when you can see them) during _____ .
a. Telophase
b. Anaphase
c. Interphase
d. Prophase
6. Trisomy 21 or \"Down\'s Syndrome\" is an example of nondisjunction. This means ___ .
a. chromosomes failed to separate during meiosis
b. chromosomes failed to separate during mitosis
c. two genes overlapped at more than one junction
d. two genes failed to overlap at more than one junction
7.____is an example of Homeostasis.
a. a bird\'s ability to fly (remain in the air against gravity)
b. a mammal\'s ability to regulate glucose levels in the blood
c. a fish\'s ability to stay in one place in water without moving it\'s fins
d. a bee\'s ability to return to it\'s hive after a long flight
8. In a monohybrid cross (with 2 heterozygous parents), we always get a _____ratio of
phenotypes.
a. 3:1 b. 9:3:3:1 c. 1:1 d. 1:2:1
9. Which characteristic is not a characteristic of the kingdom Fungi
a. nonmotile
b. photosynthetic
C. multicellular
d. eukaryotic
10. During diffusion ions will ___________without adding energy.
a. move in both directions
b. move from high concentration
c. move from high concentration to low concentration
d. not move
11. \"P\" in ATP represents the element _______.
a. phosphorus b. sodium c. calcium d. potassium
12. In mitosis during anaphase _____.
a. chromosomes line up at the (equator)
b. DNA unwinds into chromatin and a nuclear membrane forms.
c. sister chromatids separate and migrate to opposite poles
d. DNA winds up into chromosomes and becomes visible under a microscope
13. In humans the first 22 pairs of chromosomes are called ___chromosomes.
a. sex b. lethal c. short d. autosomal
14. These three things are required for photosynthesis to occur
a. sugar, light, carbon dioxide
b. sugar, light, water
c. light, oxygen, carbon dioxide
d. light, carbon dioxide, water
15. Which is true of a \"theory\" in science?
a. it is a best guess
b. It is a statement of facts observed
c. It is a fact that science has been unable to disprove
d. All of the above are correct
16. The process of producing a protein from mRNA is __________.
a. mitosis b. transition c. translation d. transcription
Solution
Answer 1
An exergonic reaction: (d) releases energy
exergonic reaction releases energy, it is exothermic , the reactants lose energy to form the
product, the reaction is spontaneous.\'
2) Which of these is an example .
256 207 175-160 152 He 146 14ic 146 What is the confiannce iniecvat es.pdf
256 207 175.160 152 He 146 14ic 146 What is the confiannce iniecvat esteruati of the populaton
mean p? (Rothe to one docimal place as noeded).
25- Tsunami Devastation - Sumatra- Check and double-click the Regional.pdf
25. Tsunami Devastation - Sumatra. Check and double-click the Regional Plate Tectonics map
overlay and the Epicenter placemark to fly to the Sumatra region that was devastated by a
tsunami in late 2004. Turn on the Earthquakes layer in the Places panel. Which tectonic plate
was subducted beneath which overriding tectonic plate at this locality to produce this massive
earthquake? Notes: subduction zones are delineated on geologic maps by a line with
triangles/teeth pointing toward the subduction zone. Recall from Chapter 2 of your textbook that
volcanoes form on the overriding plate.
a. Indian Plate is being subducted beneath the Burma Plate
b. Burma Plate is being subducted beneath the Indian Plate
c. Sunda Plate is being subducted beneath the Burma Plate
d. Burma Plate is being subducted beneath the Sunda Plate.
More Related Content
Similar to 21- Phylogeny illustrates D- Variation A- Common ancestry- B- Genctic.pdf
Match the concept on the left to an example or definition on the righ.pdf
Match the concept on the left to an example or definition on the right. A. A shared derived
character B. A shared ancestral character C. A group containing all the descendants of a
common ancestor D. The similar body shape of a shark and a whale E. A group missing one or
more of the descendants of a common ancestor F. The same bones in similar positions in the
forelimbs of all vertebrates
Solution
1.) convergence- D.) Thee similar body shape of a shark and whale
explaination:in these unrelate or distantly related organism develope similar body form
2.) homology- B. a shared ancestral character
explaination: these is the similarity in the structure due to relatedness or common ancestory for
eg forelimb of man, bat , deer are same thus proving of mammalianancestory
3.)Monophyletic- C)A group containing all the descendants from a common ancestor
explaination: who have been derived from one common ancestor for eg: cousins of a family are
the descendant of grandfather
4.)Paraphyletic: E.) a group missing one or more descendants of a coomon ancestor
explaination: dicots and monocts, class reptilia as it exclude birds
5.)Synamorphy- A. A shared derived character
explaination:these are the characters possesed by two or more organism inherited from their
common ancestry for eg mammary gland in mammals
6.)Symplesiomorphy- F.) the same bones in similar position in the forelimb of vertebrate
explaination: shared primitive trait.
10- The ability to sing the oocat oflafect enables a bural to communic.docx
10. The ability to sing the oocat oflafect enables a bural to communicate more effectively with neighboring males This is an example of A. a physiologitat explarsation! 8. an adaptive value explanation c. a developmental explanation D. an explanation relating to evolutionary historv. 1.. Through the activation of dopamine receptors in rewars nuclei of the brain, voung adult white. crowned sparrows are motivated to match fheir kong as clotely as possible to that of their neighbors or futors This is an example of A. a physioloyical explanation Q. an astaptive vatue explanation C. a developmental explanation. D. an explanation telating to evolutionary history 12. When sameone syys that there is a gene for a behavior, they most fikely mean that. A. the behavior is unlikely to respond to selection, since there is no variation in the species. C. the role of the environment in affecting the development of that behavior. D. individuals with different forms of that gene development of the behavior is relatively large. of that behavior) 13. The proximate signficance of the fact that artificial selection population is that if A. shows that populations offen possess the potential for evofutionary change in the present, and so they could have been evolving in the past. a. demonstrates that C. demonstrates that the pepulation. D shows population is that it al selection often leads to change in the tested and so they could have been eften possess the potential for evolutionary change in the present. B. demonstrates that genetic differences are offer in the past. among the members of a populatic diffences are often responsible for phenotypic differences C. demonstrates that the environment has relatively lifte effect on the development attributes. 0. shows that most animai species have a long way to go in reaching their full evolutionary. potential.
.
Biology questions Please answer all of themTrue or false. If fals.pdf
Biology questions: Please answer all of them
True or false. If false then state correct answer
1. The frequency of crossing over decreases with the distance seperating genes on a
chromosome.
2. Codominant alleles are expressed equally.
3. Under normal rules of domininace, if two diffferent alleles are present, the dominant allele is
expressed.
4. A mutagen is a substance that causes a change in DNA.
Multiple Choice questions:
5. A DNA nucleotide does not contain A. adenine B. thymine C. uracil
6. Human blood type is determined by A. codominant alleles B. a dominant alleles C. multiple
alleles D. sex-linked genes
7. People who carry genetic disorders (carriers) are A. codominant alleles B. thymine C. uracil
D. cytosine
8. A method to trace the inheritance of a trait over many generations is called a A. carrier tree B.
pedigree C. phenotype D. genotype
9. The insertion or deletion of a single base pair of DNA results in a A. missense mutation B.
nonsense mutation C. duplication mutation D. frameshift mutation
10. Gregor Mendel called the generation created by crossbreeding the parental generation the A.
second parental generation B. cross filial generation C. duplication mutation D. frameshift
mutation.
11. A recessive trait is expressed only in a individual who is A. heterozygous B. homozygous C.
haploid D. polygenic
12. A tall pea plant (TT) and a tall pea plant (Tt) have the same A. alleles B. phenotype C.
genotype D. filial type
13. The faliure of homolougus chromosomes to seperate properly during meiosis is calles A.
nondisjunction B. disjunction C. zygote faliure D. telomere faliure
14. Watson and Crick\'s model of DNA replication is called A. conservation B. semiconservative
C. transcription D. translation
15. Pea plants usually reproduce by A. self-pollination B. cross-pollination C. teste-crossing D.
cloning
16. The pairs of alleles in an organism\'s genetic makeup are called A. phenptype B. genotype C.
parental type D. filial type
Solution
False: As the distance between two gene increases frequency of crossing over between them a
also increases. True : In co dominance both allele are expressed equally True: Cross between
plant having allele TT with plant having allele Tt will show dominant phenotype having
genotype Tt True: Mutation is any sudden change in gene/ DNA that can lead to alteration in
normal genetic make up of an organism False: DNA contain adenine , guanine , cytosine and
thymine; Uracil is present in RNA Co-dominant alleles Pedigree: Change in genetic make up
over generation can be seen in pedigree Missense mutation: Insertion or deletion can lead to
missense mutation First generation b. Homozygous B.Phenotype Non disjunction: is the failure
of homologous chromosome on sister chromatin to separate during cell division
b.Semiconservative model in which one strand is old and another new A. Mendel choose plant
which can do self pollination B.Genotype.
Heredity and evolution class 10th Questions
Ncert chapter heredity and evolution class X you can find questions for exam preparation and there is lot of questions based on heredity and evolution chapter for it is doc file it contain short or long answer type question and it is like question paper of school
BIO101 Midterm - Sacramento Valley Campus- June 2014TEST MName.docx
BIO101 Midterm - Sacramento Valley Campus- June 2014
TEST M
Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Homologous chromosomes ______.
A) include only the autosomes
B) separate during interphase
C) include only the sex chromosomes
D) are a set of chromosomes that the cell received from one parent
E) carry the same genes
1)
2) Glucose molecules provide energy to power the swimming motion of sperm. In this example,
the sperm are changing ______.
A) kinetic energy into chemical energy
B) chemical energy into potential energy
C) kinetic energy into potential energy
D) chemical energy into kinetic energy
E) none of the above
2)
3) Examine the genetic code table, shown below. The codon AGC codes for the amino acid ______. 3)
1
A) serine
B) alanine
C) glycine
D) threonine
E) arginine
4) Hypophosphatemia (vitamin D-resistant rickets) is inherited as an sex-linked dominant trait.
The relevant gene is found on the X chromosome. What is the expected outcome of a cross
between a homozygous recessive woman and a man with hypophosphatemia?
A) Seventy-five percent of their offspring exhibit hypophosphatemia.
B) Twenty-five percent of their offspring exhibit hypophosphatemia.
C) Fifty percent of their daughters and fifty percent of their sons exhibit hypophosphatemia.
D) All of their daughters and none of their sons exhibit hypophosphatemia.
E) All of their sons and none of their daughters exhibit hypophosphatemia.
4)
Please read the following paragraph and answer the following question(s).
Amanda's parents realized that her body was not developing properly about the time she was 12 years old. She was
shorter than most of her friends and was not going through changes normally associated with female puberty. They took
her to a doctor who initially diagnosed Amanda with Turner Syndrome because of her physical features. He ordered a
karyotype that confirmed his diagnosis. Amanda was born with only one X chromosome. Although there is no specific
cure, the doctor was able to treat her and correct some of the problems associated with the condition. For example, she
received growth hormone to improve her growth and estrogen to help her develop the physical changes of puberty.
5) Amanda's abnormal number of sex chromosomes resulted from ______.
A) random fertilization
B) independent assortment of chromosomes
C) cytokinesis
D) nondisjunction
E) crossing over
5)
6) Speciation requires ______.
A) long periods of time
B) geographic isolation
C) periods of rapid evolutionary change
D) a mass extinction so that new environmental opportunities will be available to the
survivors
E) genetic isolation
6)
7) The ability to tolerate lactose throughout life is most likely to be seen in ______.
A) Native Americans
B) East Asian populations
C) populations that live in cold climates
D) cultures that keep dairy herds
E) populations that live in wet climates
7)
2
8) Which of the foll ...
13-) Check out the tree on the right- Given the information in this tr.docx
13.) Check out the tree on the right. Given the information in this tree, which statement about primates and rodents/rabbits is true? a) They both have pre-orbital fenestra. b) Only rodents and rabbits have preorbital fenestra. c) They both have hair. d) Only primates form an amniotic egg. e) Rodents and rabbits are most closely related to crocodiles 14.) Use the tree from question 13 to answer the following; ray-finned fish are more closely related to primates than to sharks, a) True b) False 15.) The rise of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) can be considered an example of artificial selection because: a) humans purposefully raise MRSA in large fermenters in an attempt to make the bacteria evermore resistant b) S. aureus is cultivated by humans to replenish the soil with nutrients c) humans synthesize methicillin and create environments in which bacteria frequently come into contact with methicillin d) humans are becoming resistant to bacteria by taking methicillin 16.) Which of the following statements best summarizes evolution as it is viewed today? a) It represents the result of selection for acquired characteristics b) It is synonymous with the process of gene flow c) It is the descent of humans from the present-day great apes d) It is the differential survival and reproduction of the most-fit phenotypes 17.) Dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and gray wolves (Canis lupus) can interbreed to produce viable, fertile offspring. These species shared a common ancestor recently (in geologic time) and have a high degree of genetic similarity, although their anatomies vary widely. Judging from this evidence, which two species concepts are most likely to place dogs and wolves together into a single species? a) ecological and morphological b) ecological and phylogenetic c) morphological and phylogenetic d) biological and morphological e) biological and phylogenetic 18.) Linnaeus was a "fixist" who believed that species remained fixed in the form in which they had been created. Linnaeus would have been uncomfortable with: a) classifying organisms using the morphospecies concept b) the scientific discipline known as taxonomy c) phylogenies d) nested, ever-more inclusive categories of organisms e) a hierarchical classification scheme
.
10- When pure Hereford bull is crossed with pure Angus cow for Caracas.pdf
10. When pure Hereford bull is crossed with pure Angus cow for Caracas quality improvement,
this type of breeding is called ? A. Line breeding B. Straight breeding C. Cross breeding D.
Inbreeding E. None of the above F. Dominant G. Epistasis 11. When an F1 generation is bred to
either of its parents the type of crossing is known as ? A. Straight crossing B. Line breeding C.
Back crossing D. Inbreeding depression E. Cross breeding 12. Which of the following statements
was not one of Mendel's theories on the laws of genetic interaction. A. In a heterozygote, one
allele may conceal the presence of another. B. In a heterozygote, two different alleles segregate
from each other during the formation of gametes. C. Gametes have only one-half the genetic
material of normal body cells. D. The alleles of different genes segregate, or assort,
independently of each other. 13. Which of the following statements was not one of the cell
theory that describes the properties of a cell A. All living things are composed of one or more
cells. B. Cells are the smallest working units of all living things. C. All cells arise from pre-
existing cells through cell division D. All cells have a true nucleus and membrane-bound
organelles 14. Which of the following organelles is found only in animal cells. A. Lysosome and
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Heredity and Evolution class 10 Science Study Material pdf download
Heredity is the fascinating study of how traits are passed down from one generation to the next. It forms the foundation for understanding the similarities and differences among living organisms, providing insights into the mechanisms of inheritance. From the color of our eyes to the texture of our hair, heredity influences a wide array of physical and physiological characteristics in all living beings.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Question 1 Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small .docx
Question 1
Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small populations describes the concept of
A.
convergent evolution.
B.
adaptive radiation.
C.
sympatric speciation.
D.
genetic drift.
E.
parapatric speciation.
5 points
Question 2
On a molecular level, all organisms
A.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in proteins, but use different genetic codes.
B.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, but different amino acids in proteins.
C.
have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in proteins, and use the same genetic code.
D.
show no similarities.
E.
use different means of storing genetic information.
5 points
Question 3
Which of the following is the best description of an adaptation?
A.
a trait that will be beneficial in the future
B.
a trait that was beneficial to survival in the past
C.
an environmental change that selects for certain traits
D.
a trait that is of no advantage to survival
E.
a trait that is currently beneficial to survival
5 points
Question 4
Which of the following statements about natural selection is true?
A.
All individuals within a population have an equal likelihood of survival. Survival is based on chance.
B.
Natural selection results in those individuals within a population who are best-adapted surviving and producing more offspring.
C.
Natural selection leads to extinction.
D.
Natural selection causes variations to arise within a population.
E.
Natural selection leads to increased likelihood of survival for certain individuals based on variation. The variation must come from outside the population.
5 points
Question 5
Embryonic development includes all of the following except
A.
cleavage.
B.
growth.
C.
organogenesis.
D.
gastrulation.
E.
fertilization.
5 points
Question 6
Vestigial organs
A.
include the human appendix and wisdom teeth and a snake’s hipbones.
B.
did not have a function when they first developed, but do so today.
C.
are not found in present-day organisms.
D.
are similar in many organisms.
E.
must have evolved individually in different organisms.
5 points
Question 7
Most mutations lead to a decreased chance of survival for the mutant organism. Rarely, a mutation can provide an increased chance of survival. These rare mutations provide a(n) _____________________ for the mutant.
A.
directional shift
B.
selective disadvantage
C.
adaptive
D.
selective advantage
E.
environmental susceptibility
5 points
Question 8
Which of the following is not true of the punctuated equilibrium theory?
A.
It suggests that most species undergo little phenotypic change during most of their evolutionary duration.
B.
It proposes that most evolutionary change is concentrated in relatively brief episodes of change.
C.
It was inspired in part by patterns observed in the fossil record.
D.
It appears to be well supported by the fossil record.
E.
It suggests that subgroups diverge and evolve at about equal and constant rates.
5 poin ...
Biological science Comprehensive LET Reviewer
Compiled across different sources
note: I do not own this file
1. An exergonic reaction ____________ . a. has the same amount of .pdf
1. An exergonic reaction ____________ .
a. has the same amount of energy in the reactants and the product
b. has reactants that contain more energy than the product
c. requires the input of energy
d. releases energy
2. Which of these is an example of a phenotype?
a. Bb
b. heterozygote
c. brown hair
d. answers a and c are both correct
3. Polar bodies are ____________ .
a. cells found in the arctic
b. formed during meiosis when sperm are made
c. formed during meiosis when eggs are made
d. an inactive X chromosome
4. True or false: living things are the only things that possess metabolism.
a. True b. False
5. Sister chromatids are produced (not when you can see them) during _____ .
a. Telophase
b. Anaphase
c. Interphase
d. Prophase
6. Trisomy 21 or \"Down\'s Syndrome\" is an example of nondisjunction. This means ___ .
a. chromosomes failed to separate during meiosis
b. chromosomes failed to separate during mitosis
c. two genes overlapped at more than one junction
d. two genes failed to overlap at more than one junction
7.____is an example of Homeostasis.
a. a bird\'s ability to fly (remain in the air against gravity)
b. a mammal\'s ability to regulate glucose levels in the blood
c. a fish\'s ability to stay in one place in water without moving it\'s fins
d. a bee\'s ability to return to it\'s hive after a long flight
8. In a monohybrid cross (with 2 heterozygous parents), we always get a _____ratio of
phenotypes.
a. 3:1 b. 9:3:3:1 c. 1:1 d. 1:2:1
9. Which characteristic is not a characteristic of the kingdom Fungi
a. nonmotile
b. photosynthetic
C. multicellular
d. eukaryotic
10. During diffusion ions will ___________without adding energy.
a. move in both directions
b. move from high concentration
c. move from high concentration to low concentration
d. not move
11. \"P\" in ATP represents the element _______.
a. phosphorus b. sodium c. calcium d. potassium
12. In mitosis during anaphase _____.
a. chromosomes line up at the (equator)
b. DNA unwinds into chromatin and a nuclear membrane forms.
c. sister chromatids separate and migrate to opposite poles
d. DNA winds up into chromosomes and becomes visible under a microscope
13. In humans the first 22 pairs of chromosomes are called ___chromosomes.
a. sex b. lethal c. short d. autosomal
14. These three things are required for photosynthesis to occur
a. sugar, light, carbon dioxide
b. sugar, light, water
c. light, oxygen, carbon dioxide
d. light, carbon dioxide, water
15. Which is true of a \"theory\" in science?
a. it is a best guess
b. It is a statement of facts observed
c. It is a fact that science has been unable to disprove
d. All of the above are correct
16. The process of producing a protein from mRNA is __________.
a. mitosis b. transition c. translation d. transcription
Solution
Answer 1
An exergonic reaction: (d) releases energy
exergonic reaction releases energy, it is exothermic , the reactants lose energy to form the
product, the reaction is spontaneous.\'
2) Which of these is an example .
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BIO101 Midterm - Sacramento Valley Campus- June 2014TEST MName.docx
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Heredity and Evolution class 10 Science Study Material pdf download
Heredity and Evolution class 10 Science Study Material pdf download
Question 1 Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small .docx
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1. An exergonic reaction ____________ . a. has the same amount of .pdf
1. An exergonic reaction ____________ . a. has the same amount of .pdf
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-reverse transcription
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-transcription
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-integration
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Event Link:-
https://meetups.mulesoft.com/events/details/mulesoft-mysore-presents-exploring-gemini-ai-and-integration-with-mulesoft/
Agenda
● Java 17 Upgrade Overview
● Why and by when do customers need to upgrade to Java 17?
● Is there any immediate impact to upgrading to Mule Runtime 4.6 and beyond?
● Which MuleSoft products are in scope?
For Upcoming Meetups Join Mysore Meetup Group - https://meetups.mulesoft.com/mysore/
YouTube:- youtube.com/@mulesoftmysore
Mysore WhatsApp group:- https://chat.whatsapp.com/EhqtHtCC75vCAX7gaO842N
Speaker:-
Shubham Chaurasia - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shubhamchaurasia1/
Priya Shaw - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-shaw
Organizers:-
Shubham Chaurasia - https://www.linkedin.com/in/shubhamchaurasia1/
Giridhar Meka - https://www.linkedin.com/in/giridharmeka
Priya Shaw - https://www.linkedin.com/in/priya-shaw
Shyam Raj Prasad-
https://www.linkedin.com/in/shyam-raj-prasad/
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