Question 1 Random changes in gene frequency that occur in small populations describes the concept of A. convergent evolution. B. adaptive radiation. C. sympatric speciation. D. genetic drift. E. parapatric speciation. 5 points Question 2 On a molecular level, all organisms A. have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in proteins, but use different genetic codes. B. have the same bases in DNA and RNA, but different amino acids in proteins. C. have the same bases in DNA and RNA, the same amino acids in proteins, and use the same genetic code. D. show no similarities. E. use different means of storing genetic information. 5 points Question 3 Which of the following is the best description of an adaptation? A. a trait that will be beneficial in the future B. a trait that was beneficial to survival in the past C. an environmental change that selects for certain traits D. a trait that is of no advantage to survival E. a trait that is currently beneficial to survival 5 points Question 4 Which of the following statements about natural selection is true? A. All individuals within a population have an equal likelihood of survival. Survival is based on chance. B. Natural selection results in those individuals within a population who are best-adapted surviving and producing more offspring. C. Natural selection leads to extinction. D. Natural selection causes variations to arise within a population. E. Natural selection leads to increased likelihood of survival for certain individuals based on variation. The variation must come from outside the population. 5 points Question 5 Embryonic development includes all of the following except A. cleavage. B. growth. C. organogenesis. D. gastrulation. E. fertilization. 5 points Question 6 Vestigial organs A. include the human appendix and wisdom teeth and a snake’s hipbones. B. did not have a function when they first developed, but do so today. C. are not found in present-day organisms. D. are similar in many organisms. E. must have evolved individually in different organisms. 5 points Question 7 Most mutations lead to a decreased chance of survival for the mutant organism. Rarely, a mutation can provide an increased chance of survival. These rare mutations provide a(n) _____________________ for the mutant. A. directional shift B. selective disadvantage C. adaptive D. selective advantage E. environmental susceptibility 5 points Question 8 Which of the following is not true of the punctuated equilibrium theory? A. It suggests that most species undergo little phenotypic change during most of their evolutionary duration. B. It proposes that most evolutionary change is concentrated in relatively brief episodes of change. C. It was inspired in part by patterns observed in the fossil record. D. It appears to be well supported by the fossil record. E. It suggests that subgroups diverge and evolve at about equal and constant rates. 5 poin ...