1. QIMPRO CHALLENGE-QIMPRO CHALLENGE-
44
PARETO CHART ( POTHOLES INPARETO CHART ( POTHOLES IN
THE CITY )THE CITY )
SUBITTEDBY:SUBITTEDBY:
RASHI (B.TECH (CS) 2RASHI (B.TECH (CS) 2NDND
YEAR)YEAR)
TWINKLE SINGHAL (B.TECH (CS) 2TWINKLE SINGHAL (B.TECH (CS) 2NDND
YEAR)YEAR)
2. A pareto chartA pareto chart is a bar and line chart that displays data in ais a bar and line chart that displays data in a
hierarchical order identifying where any given problem occurs mosthierarchical order identifying where any given problem occurs most
frequently.frequently.
The objective of a Pareto chart is to identify the 20% of the placesThe objective of a Pareto chart is to identify the 20% of the places
that account for 80% of the problem. Pareto identified that problemsthat account for 80% of the problem. Pareto identified that problems
are not evenly distributed. And there is commonly an 80:20 rule.are not evenly distributed. And there is commonly an 80:20 rule.
(Your data wont be exactly 80:20).(Your data wont be exactly 80:20).
The bars display the number of events per area of interest.The bars display the number of events per area of interest.
The line displays the cumulative % of events, i.e. the % of each barThe line displays the cumulative % of events, i.e. the % of each bar
added onto the next together. So the bigger numbers will have aadded onto the next together. So the bigger numbers will have a
greater % impactgreater % impact
3. Why should a pareto chart be used?Why should a pareto chart be used?
In economic terms Pareto Charts are very beneficial . A Pareto Chart
breaks a big problem down into smaller pieces, identifies the most
significant factors, shows where to focus efforts, and allows better use of
limited resources. You can separate the few major problems from the
many possible problems so you can focus your improvement efforts,
arrange data according to priority or importance, and determine which
problems are most important using data, not perception. A Pareto Chart
can answer the following questions: o What are the largest issues facing
our team or business? What 20% of sources are causing 80% of the
problems? Where should we focus our efforts to achieve the greatest
improvements?
4. When should a pareto chart be used?When should a pareto chart be used?
A Pareto Chart is a good tool to use when the process we are investigating
produces data that are broken down into categories and we can count the
number of times each category occurs. A Pareto diagram puts data in a
hierarchical order, which allows the most significant problems to be corrected
first. The Pareto analysis technique is used primarily to identify and evaluate
nonconformities, although it can summarize all types of data. It is the
perhaps the diagram most often used in management presentations. Making
problem solving decisions isn’t the only use of the Pareto Principle. Since
Pareto Charts convey information in a way that enables us to see clearly the
choices that should be made, they can be used to set priorities for many
practical applications. Some examples are: Process improvement efforts for
increased unit readiness, Customer needs Suppliers, Investment
opportunities.
16. Symptoms that account for 80% frequency
Water can get under the pavement through cracks or from
the side of the road. Overtime the water can cause the material
Under the pavement to erode, causing the pavement to sink
Down and break . During the winter , the water under the pavement
Freezes then thaws. This freeze cycle can cause the pavement to
Crack so that deteriorates quickly under the weight of traffic and
Then streets can seem to break out in potholes ovemight.
17. Three problems based on theThree problems based on the
potholes in the city:potholes in the city:
1. Potholes damage to tires and vehicles : if a vehicle
hits a deep , dreaded divot in the road, steering system.
Mialignment to a full
on tire puncture or vent rims may follow.
2. Potholes may exhaust the system
3. Potholes may cause expansion and contraction, create a
bump
18. Lesson learned :Lesson learned :
1. Look for a break point in the cumulative percentage line. This
point occurs where the slop of the line begins to flatten out. The
factors under the steepest part of the curve are the most
important.
2. If there is not a fairly clear change in the slope of the line, look for
the factors that make up at least 60% of the problem. You can
always improve these few, redo the Pareto analysis, and discover
the factors that have risen to the top now that the biggest ones
have been improved.
3. If the bars are all similar sizes or more than half of the categories
are needed to make up the needed 60%, try a different breakdown
of categories that might be more appropriate.
19. 1. The measurement units can significantly affect your Pareto Chart.
You must determine which factors are the most important. For
example, using the chart above, it may change significantly if you
were looking at the factors which cost the company the most money
when examining scrap. For instance, bad material may cost the
company more the tool changes when it comes to the cost of scrap.
2. It is essential to use the same units of measure and clearly mark
these units on the chart.
3. Make sure the “other” category (if you chose to have one) doesn’t
become unreasonably large. If your “other” category accounts for
more than 25% of your problem, you should probably try to break it
down.
