2. Chemical Bonding
Chemicals bonds are forces that hold the
matter together. There are 3 types chemical
bonds:
1. Ionic Bonding
2. Covalent bonding
3. Metallic bonding
3. Ionic Bonding
Ionic bond is formed by the attraction between
oppositely charged ions. Ionic bonds a formed
between metals and non-metals.
When non-metals react with metals they gain
one or more electrons. The metals give out
their electrons so they stick together in a ionic
compound.
Ionic bonds stack up in a pattern called crystal
lattice.
4.
5. Ionic Bonding Properties
At room temperature they are high melting point solids.
Brittle and hard.
Do not conduct electricity as solids but do conduct dissolved or melted in
water.
They dissolve well in water.
Formed between oppositely charged ions and metals and non-metals.
6. Covalent Bonding
Covalent bonding are formed between non-metals.
If no metals are present to give out their electrons, than the non-metals
share their valence electrons with each other.
Intramolecular forces are inside the molecules and holds the atoms
together to make the molecule.
Intermolecular forces are attractions between molecules.
7.
8. Covalent Bonding Properties
Have low melting and boiling points
At room temperature, covalent substances are gases, liquid or low melting
point solids.
Do not conduct electricity.
Soft.
Don’t dissolve in water.
9. Metallic Bonding
Metallic bonds are formed between multiple metal atoms.
Are formed by the mutual attraction for each others loosely held electrons.
Most metal atoms have 1 or 2 valence electrons which are not tightly
bounded to the ams.
In a piece of metal these valence electrons do not seem to belong to any
of the atoms but are able to move freely through the structure from one
atom to another.
The metal ions line up in a repeating pattern and the loose electrons act as
a electron glue.
