Site selection for sitting of urban activities/facilities is one of the crucial policy-related decisions taken by urban planners and policy makers. The process of site selection is inherently complicated. A careless site imposes exorb itant costs on city budget and damages the environment inevitably. Nowadays, mu lti -attributes decision making approaches are suggested to use to improve precision of decision making and reduce surplus side effects. To find out a suitable location for Community Hospitals in an urban area, GIS based multicriteria analysis is very helpful and accurate. In this project Ward No-22 in Dhaka City is taken as a study area to do a Suitability Analysis for Community Hospitals.

1. GIS Based Multi Criteria Suitability Analysis of
Community
Hospital
A Presentation on
Submitted To:
Mr. K. Humayun Kabir
Assistant Professor
Mr. Md. Sabbir Sharif
Lecturer
Submitted By:
Group No: 03
1017010
1017015
1017019
1017040
1017059
DEPARTMENT OF URBAN & REGIONAL PLANNING
KHULNA UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
Course No: URP 3182
Course No: GIS & Remote Sensing Studio

2. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
• Location decision is probably the most significant decision which
will affect its subsequent business to success, since a proper
location may attract a large number of potential stakeholders.
• Establishing a hospital in urban districts has its own positive and
negative consequences. Positive impacts may include increase in
property value in neighboring periphery as well as improving
health related accessibility for the residents of that district. More
important are negative side-effects such as environmental
contamination and inducing new waves of traffic flow appearing on
the network serving the district.
• The constituency and multi-criteria nature of the hospital location
make the issue as complex as cannot be addressed with
conventional managing tools. Therefore, health planners can find
location through suitability analysis of Geographic information
system (GIS).
1 Introduction:

3. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
The study area is located at Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh.
Specifically Ward No-22 is the study area. It consists of
Bagichar Tek,
Nasirer Tek,
Ullan Tek,
Paschim Rampura,
Purba Rampura and
Uttar Banasree.
Location:
This ward of Dhaka city lies between 23045’51.16”N – 23045’42.86”N
and 90024’57.60”E – 90025’59.25”E.
Area: 530 acre
Population: 86,363
2 Study Area:

4. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
The objectives are underlying:
• To know about suitability analysis.
• To find out the locational criteria of community hospitals.
• To identify areas that are more or less suitable for
development.
• To select the suitable site as community hospitals depending
on multi-criteria analysis through G.I.S. application.
3 Objectives:

5. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Suitability analysis in a GIS context is a geographic or GIS-based
process used to determine the appropriateness of a given area for a
particular use.
• The basic premise of GIS suitability analysis is that each aspect of
the landscape has intrinsic characteristics that are in some degree
either suitable or unsuitable for the activities being planned.
• Suitability is determined through systematic, multi-factor analysis
of the different aspect of the terrain.
• Model inputs include a variety of physical, cultural, and economic
factors.
• The results are often displayed on a map that is used to highlight
areas from high to low suitability.
• The Suitability Analysis is a Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
based tool for evaluating the relative suitability of location for. The
end product is a generalized map showing areas that are
categorized as having either least, low, moderate, or high suitability
for development.
4 Suitability Analysis:

6. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Methodology:5
Is there a
problem or
an
opportunity
for change?
What are the
alternatives?
Which
alternative is
best?

7. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Criteria Evaluation & Selection:
Three types of criteria are selected:
1. Infrastructural Criteria: The building types i.e. residential,
educational, commercial, religious, under construction and
roads are considered in this section.
2. Economic Criteria: The location should be economically
feasible. That’s why it is economical if the location is near to
any vacant land, otherwise a pre built up area is economically
non-feasible to build a urban health center. Another point is
location near a NGO office, thus the NGO can afford the health
center easily.
3. Environmental Criteria: The location should be near to WASA
so that the water supply and disposal of wastes can be
associated by WASA. It should not be very near to water body.
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8. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Criteria Evaluation & Selection:6
Criteria
Suitability Classes (meter)
Very Suitable Moderately Suitable Less Suitable
Roads 0-16 16-34 34-50
Residential Building 0-6 6-14 14-20
Commercial Building 200-300 100-200 0-100
Educational Building 130-200 60-130 0-60
WASA 0-16 16-34 34-50
Vacant Land 0-3 3-7 7-10
Water Body 70-100 30-70 0-30
Religious Building 200-300 100-200 0-100
Slum 200-300 100-200 0-100
Buildings Under Construction 260-400 130-260 0-130
NGO 0-20 20-40 40-60
Decision rules for multi-criteria analysis for suitability site selection

9. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Criteria Evaluation & Selection:6
Criteria
Percentage (%) of
Influence
Roads 22
Residential Building 17
Commercial Building 12
Educational Building 10
WASA 9
Vacant Land 8
Water Body 7
Religious Building 6
Slum 4
Buildings Under Construction 3
NGO 2
Criteria
Percentage
(%) of
Influence
Roads 40
Vacant Land 30
Commercial Building
15
Educational Building
10
Residential Building
5
Scenario 1 Scenario 2
The percentages of influence

10. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
Weighted Overlay of the Raster Files
Reclassifying raster files
Defining Euclidean Distance for each raster file
Rasterizing shape files
Exporting data from shape file
Criteria based shape file selection

11. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
a. Criteria based shape file selection:

12. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
a. Criteria based shape file selection:

13. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
b. Exporting data from shape file:

14. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
c. Rasterizing shape files:

15. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
c. Rasterizing shape files:

16. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
c. Rasterizing shape files:

17. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
d. Defining Euclidean Distance for each raster file:

18. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
d. Defining Euclidean Distance for each raster file:

19. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
d. Defining Euclidean Distance for each raster file:

20. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
e. Reclassifying raster files

21. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
e. Reclassifying raster files

22. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
e. Reclassifying raster files

23. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
f. Weighted Overlay of the raster files:

24. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
f. Weighted Overlay of the raster files:

25. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Procedures:7
f. Weighted Overlay of the raster files:

26. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Result:8
Suitability Map of
Community Hospitals in
Ward No-22, Dhaka

27. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Limitations of the Study:
The total project work has some limitations:
• Insufficient Data:
The data which are provided was limited. For a suitability
analysis of an urban health center demographic data is a
prominent criteria. But in the GIS layer demographic data was
absent. This data could be collected from a secondary data
source, but that would be inappropriate.
• Non licensed software:
The available ArcGIS v10 software is a non licensed version
from ESRI. That’s why, many tools did not work properly. Such
as, Weighted Overlay tool. It could not determine the result
for more than 5 raster dataset. So that the criteria was
limited to 5 from 11.
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28. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Discussion:
• Criteria Selection:
The criteria was selected through physical assumptions and
references. No mathematical logic was used to select them.
• Non licensed weighted overlay tool:
The software was non licensed. That’s why, the weighted
overlay tool could not calculate over 5 raster files. So that we
took the Scenario 2 for analysis.
• Poor representation:
The final output map is too large. The Representative Factor
(RF) is 1cm=101 meter. It could be better if it is represented
in 20”×30”. But scarcity of a plotter is the reason to poor
representation.
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29. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Conclusion:
This study used GIS integrated standard methodology for the
selection of sites, which are suitable for the urban health center.
This methodology incorporates a large number of environmental
and economic factors which are essential to identify the sites which
have no or minimum adverse impact on environment. The study
illustrates the importance of GIS technology in the present days. GIS
technology, as an information tool, has helped in the acquisition of
recent land use information studies aimed at solving land suitability
problems. Further integrating this data using GIS has helped in the
analysis of the study, which would have otherwise been difficult to do
manually using the conventional method. The involvement of such
factors or criteria requires adequate database of different dimensions.
So adequate attention is required for data management to ensure the
perfection of the decision based methodology. Though GIS based
methodology is highly sophisticated or developed or standard one but
it’s success depend on the proper and careful application of it. Thus
with the use of these technologies management of urban health will
no longer be a problem for city administrators.
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30. GIS Based Suitability Analysis of
Community Hospital
Thank
You