Pakistan education, corruption and recommendations

1. Ms. Mahwish AjazMs. Mahwish Ajaz
DEDICATED TO SOCIOLOGYDEDICATED TO SOCIOLOGY

2. RED-TAPISM AnD
DESPOTISM In
EDuCATIOn SET uP
Of PAkISTAn
Group PresentationGroup Presentation
November-15-2007November-15-2007
Teacher:
Ms. Mahwish ejaz

3. 3
WHAT IS EDuCATIOn?
EducationEducation:
Increase in the stocks of skills, knowledge
and understanding possessed by individuals
or society
OR
Education is an uncontested acceptance of
knowledge

4. PROBLEMS
Of EDuCATIOn In
PAkISTAn

5. 5
CAuSES Of STAGnATIOn

6. 6
(Synonymous of Corruption)
Is Strict adherence to official
formalities.
RED-TAP MAY ITSELF BE CREATED BY
THE BUREAUCRATS :
Many Government policies are
either ,misguided or too
Rigid
RED-TAPISM

7. 7
A Bureaucrat is a Government Official
who follows “a Rigid procedure” in
administering the responsibilities of a
position.
WHO IS A
BuREAuCRAT?

8. 8
SYMPTOMS Of RED-TAPISM
 It is a common feeling that Educational funds
are utilized inefficiently without getting the
desirable results.
 Minimum standards
 Un Equal access
 Inequality of opportunity
 Corrupt bureaucrats pass many who they
shouldn’t

9. 9
EDUCATION
Set up
Bureaucratic
Rule
DespotismRed-Tapism
Traps millions of people in
poverty and misery
Undermines democracy and the
rule of law
Distorts Nation
Jeopardises sound governance
and ethics
in the private sector
Breeds social, economic and
political crises
Retards social and economic
development

10. 10
“Bureaucratic School Systems Scenario”
CULTURAL /CULTURAL /
RELIGIOUSRELIGIOUS
GROUPSGROUPS
CULTURAL /CULTURAL /
RELIGIOUSRELIGIOUS
GROUPSGROUPS
ENTERPRISESENTERPRISESENTERPRISESENTERPRISES
MEDIA / ITMEDIA / ITMEDIA / ITMEDIA / IT
EMPLOYERSEMPLOYERS
ORGANISATIONS,ORGANISATIONS,
UNIONSUNIONS
EMPLOYERSEMPLOYERS
ORGANISATIONS,ORGANISATIONS,
UNIONSUNIONS
PARENTSPARENTSPARENTSPARENTS
TERTIARYTERTIARY
EDUCATIONEDUCATION
TERTIARYTERTIARY
EDUCATIONEDUCATION
LEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNER
LEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNER
LEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNER
LEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNERLEARNER
SCHOOLSCHOOLSCHOOLSCHOOL
TEACHERTEACHERTEACHERTEACHER TEACHERTEACHERTEACHERTEACHER
TT
EE
AA
CC
HH
EE
RR
TT
EE
AA
CC
HH
EE
RR
FF
OO
RR
CC
EE
Bureaucracy
FUNDING
BODY
FUNDING
BODY AthourityAthourity

11. 11
Bureaucracy
Max Weber (1864-1920)
(Renowned German sociologist)
• A monopoly of governmental influence in education "From a purely technical
point of view, a bureaucracy is capable of attaining the highest degree of
efficiency, and is in this sense formally the most rational known means of
exercising authority over human beings. It is superior to any other form in
precision, in stability, in the stringency of its discipline, and in its reliability. It
thus makes possible a particularly high degree of calculability of results for the
heads of the organization and for those acting in relation to it. It is finally
superior both in intensive efficiency and in the scope of its operations and is
formally capable of application to all kinds of administrative tasks
REFERENCE:
"Some Consequences of Bureaucratization,

12. 12
Impact of red-tapIst and
true Bureaucracy
• Healthy state is unified, orderly, and in
balance, and that its people have
happiness, honor, strength, and security.
However, an unhealthy state is
disorderly and unbalanced, and may
require strong measures to restore it to
normal.

13. corruptIon
&
red-tapIsm

14. 14
defInIng
corruptIon
Misuse of entrusted power for
private benefit

15. 15
causes of corruptIon
 Lack of Accountability (31.68%)
 Red Tapism (29.28%)
 Low salaries (16.54%)
 Monopoly of power (16.43%)
 Discretionary powers (12.61%)
 Lack of transparency (9.97%)
 Power of influential people (4.59%)
 Others (4.9%)

16. The National Integrity
System

17. 17
Legislature
Executive
AccountabilityBodies
AntiCorruptionAgencies
Media
CivilSociety
PrivateSector
Judiciary
Sustainable
Development
Rule of
Law Quality of Life
natIonaL IntegrIty system

18. 18
The Pillars are
interrelated, weakness
in one or more leads
to……?

19. 19
PRIVATE
S O C I E T Y’ S V A L U E S
P U B L I C A W A R E N E S S
QUALITY
OF
LIFE
RULEOFLAW
AUDITORGENERAL
OMBUDSMAN
WATCHDOGAGENCIES
PUBLICSERVICE
LEGISLATURE
EXECUTIVE
JUDICIARY
N A T I O N A L I N T E G R I T Y
N A T I O N A L I N T E G R I T Y
CIVIL
SEC
TO
R
SOCIETY
INTERNATION
LACTORS
MEDIA
SUSTAIN-
ABLE
DEVELOP-
M
ENT
The National Integrity System

20. 20
Red-TapismRed-Tapism
CATEGORY WISECATEGORY WISE
POLITICIANS BUREAUCRATS BUSINESSMEN ARMED
FORCES
OTHERS
18.3% 56.9% 11.8% 1.4% 11.6%
87
POLITICIANS BUREAUCRATS BUSINESSMEN
ARMED FORCES OTHERS

21. 21
Red-tapism and school
system
 Teacher recruitment and postings
influenced by bribes or sexual favors
 Exam questions sold in advance
 Examination results only released upon
payment
 Children from certain communities
favored for admission, while others are
subjected to extra payments.

22. 22
Red-tapism in higheR
education
 PhD and Lapsed Scholar Ships
 High Drop Out Rate
 Admission Criteria
 Bureaucratic delays
 Supervising Unmanageable marks

23. paRha liKha
punJaB
“FRaud”
 Government of Punjab announced Rs 7
billion

24. despotism and
paKistan
Gwadar
Balochistan

25. 25
What is despotism?
“Despotism” is a form of government by a single
authority, either as individual or tightly knit
group, which rules with absolute political
power. In its classical form, a despotism is a
state where one single person is called a
Despot.

26. 26
despotism and
paKistan
 Pakistan has an unfortunate history of
absolute despotism.
 The ruler has unlimited power
 They sometimes use force to maintain
power

27. despotism in education set
up
 Feudal lord in rural areas
 Heads of the state have established their
own policies for the education system.
 The main tyranny of our government
towards education is that they are
spending less than 6% of the budget.

28. How THey Impose
DespoTIsm In our
eDucaTIon seT up?

29. 29
DespoTIsm anD scHool
sysTem
 Staff exploiting and abusing pupils in many
different ways (physically and sexually)
 School property used for private commercial
purposes.
 Political blackmail
(“if you don’t vote for me, you won’t get the
school” )

30. 30
How
we can
revITalIze
sysTem……!

31. 31
recommenDaTIons:
 Better status and pay for teacher
 Emphasis must be given on development of
analytical faculties of the students
 There’s need for In-Built Monitoring system
 Involvement of parents, teachers, and civil
society in planning and management

32. 32
recommenDaTIons:
 Improving the quality of teaching-
learning process
 Strengthening and up gradation ofStrengthening and up gradation of
Teacher Training institutionsTeacher Training institutions..
 Politically independent administrationsPolitically independent administrations
 Clear criteria for student admissions andClear criteria for student admissions and
examinationsexaminations

33. recommenDaTIons:
 Codes of conduct
Clear codes of conduct for school staff are needed to
ensure certain standards
 Theft, misuse of funds and other illegal acts carried
out by staff must be consistently dealt with by the
courts to maintain respect for the rule of law.

34. 34
THANK YOU!
Group:
HamID HussaIn
(Group Leader)
DanIyal Gulfam
sHeraz fayyaz
muHammaD KasHIf
Tuba