ppt on surface water pollution.. may be helpful for seminar purpose..

1. A
PRESENTATION
ON
AFFECT OF POLLUTION ON
SURFACE WATER
PRESENTED BY:
SAURABH

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Types Of Water Pollution
 Causes Of Surface Water Pollution
 Effects Of Surface Water Pollution
 Prevention And Controls
 Conclusion
 References

3. INTRODUCTION
What is Surface Water Pollution..
Any change or modification in the physical, chemical and biological
properties of water that will have a detrimental consequence on
living things is water pollution.
The water pollution problem..
Water covers over 70% of the Earth’s surface. It is a very important
resource for people and the environment. Water pollution affects
drinking water, rivers, lakes and oceans all over the world. In many
developing countries, it is usually a leading cause of death, by
people drinking from polluted water sources.
Humans have now realised the importance of clean water as a
foundation for life. In recent time, more and more organisations
and councils are working hard to educate, protect, restore
waterways and encourage practices that help keep waters from
contamination.

4. CONTINUED...
An estimated 580 people in India die of water pollution related illness
every day. Around 90% the water in the cities of China is
polluted, and as of 2007, half a billion Chinese had no access to safe
drinking water. In addition to the acute problems of water pollution
in developing countries, developed countries also continue to
struggle with pollution problems. For example, in the most recent
national report on water quality in the United States, 45 percent of
assessed stream miles, 47% of assessed lake acres, and 32 percent
of assessed bays and estuarine square miles were classified as
polluted. The head of China's national development agency said in
2007 that one quarter the length of China's seven main rivers were
so poisoned the water harmed the skin.

5. TYPES OF WATER POLLUTION
There are following types of pollutions in water:
 Nutrients Pollution
 Surface Water Pollution
 Oxygen Depleting Pollution
 Ground Water Pollution
 Chemical Water Pollution
 Oil Spillage Pollution

6. CAUSES OF SURFACE WATER POLLUTION
 Industrial causes of water pollution:
Industries cause huge water pollution with their activities. These come
mainly from:
 Sulphur
 Asbestos
 Lead and Mercury
 Nitrates & Phosphates
 Oil Pollution by Oil Industries:
Routine shipping, run-offs and dumping of oils on the ocean surfaces
happen everyday. Oil spills make up about 12% of the oil that enters
the ocean. Because oil does not dissolve, it stays on the water surface
and suffocates fish.

7. CONTINUED...
 Other causes of surface water pollution:
Apart from the industrial causes of water pollution, as we saw in the
previous page, here are some more:
 Sewage and waste water:
Everyday, we cook, do laundry, flush the
Toilet, wash our cars, shower and do many
things that use water. Where do you think
all the water??
In many developed communities,
this waste water and soluble waste is
Treated and dumped into the sea.
But in some not-so-developed countries, the sewage is not treated, but
quickly dumped into the sea or water bodies.

8. CONTINUED...
 Septic Tanks
 Underground storage and tube leakages
 Atmospheric:
Atmospheric deposition is the pollution of water bodies caused by air
pollution. Each time the air is polluted with sulphur dioxide and nitrogen
oxide, they mix with water particles in the air and form a toxic
substance.
 Ocean and marine dumping:
Again, think of the rubbish we all make each day.
Paper waste, food waste, plastic, rubber, metallic
and aluminium waste. In some countries, they are
deposited into the sea. All these waste types
take time to decompose. When these end up
in the sea, they harm sea animals and cause a lot of water animal deaths.

9. EFFECTS OF SURFACE WATER POLLUTION
Surface Water pollution is very harmful to humans, animals and water
life. The effects can be catastrophic, depending on the kind of
chemicals, concentrations of the pollutants and where there are
polluted.
The effects of water pollution are varied and depend on what
chemicals are dumped and in which locations.
 Death of aquatic (water) animal
 Diseases
 Destruction of ecosystems
 Disruption of food-chains

10. PREVENTION AND CONTROLS
Dealing with water pollution is something that everyone (including
governments and local councils) needs to get involved with. Here
are a few things you can do to help. Learning about the issue
(like you are doing) is the greatest and most important step to
take. Here are a few more:
 Never throw rubbish away anyhow.
 Do not throw chemicals, oils, paints
and medicines down the sink drain,
or the toilet.
 If you live close to a water body,
try to plant lots of trees and flowers around
your home.
 Buy more environmentally safe cleaning
liquids for use at home and other public places.

11. CONTINUED...
Many governments have very strict laws that help minimize water
pollution. In many developed cities, waste or sewage treatment is
very efficient, and designed to minimise pollution of water bodies.
There are also lots of organizations and groups that help educate
people on the dangers of water pollution. It is always great to join
these groups, because they regularly encourage other members of
their communities to have a better attitude towards water.
For Example:
Liquid Waste (Sewage/Wastewater) Treatment

12. CONCLUSION
Water pollution is bad and it’s not good for people to drink the water
that’s polluted and for all organisms that need water to survive.
There are millions of people that don’t have good clean access to
water and that they even have to drink the bad polluted water for
them it survive, Sewage can cause water pollution along with the
toxic chemicals from Industrial business. There are a bunch of
water pollutions like toxic and organic and thermal water. And
solutions to stop the water pollution are to clean up the garbage and
keep your yard clean. To try to stop the water pollution clean up
your yard and make sure there is no garbage left anywhere around in
the area you live like the streets and neighbourhood.

13. REFERENCES
 http://www.water-pollution.org.uk/surface.html
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_pollution
 http://eschooltoday.com/pollution/water-pollution/types-of-water-
pollution.html

14. ANY QUERIES ??