1. SUBMITTED TO:- SUBMITTED BY:-
MR. AMIT SAXENA SANJEEV KR. SINGH
ASST. PROFESSOR(E.C) 4TH YEAR- (E.C)
1108231148
2. TABLE OF CONTENT
1.ABOUT BHEL
2.BUSDUCT
Introduction to bus duct.
Types of bus duct.
1.Isolated phase bus duct.
2.Segregated phase bus duct.
3.non segregated bus duct.
Design and selection criteria.
3.COMPUTER NETWORKING
Need for computer networking
Advantage of computer networking
Basic component of networking in BHEL, RUDRAPUR
Sharing services
Active directory
Firewall sever
Other features of networking in BHEL,RUDRAPUR
3. ABOUT BHEL
•Bharat Heavy Electrical Limited is power plant equipment
manufacturer based in New Delhi, India
• It was established in 1964
• It has 17 manufacturing units
• It manufactures gas turbines, steam turbines, generators and
boilers
• It is 7th largest power plant equipment manufacturer in the
world
5. Almost all coal , nuclear , geothermal , solar thermal electric , as well
as many natural gas power plants are thermal.
Commercial electric utility power stations are usually constructed on a
large scale and designed for continuous operation.
Electrical power typically uses three-phase electrical generators to
produce alternating current(AC) electric power at a frequency of 50Hz or
60Hz.
High power generation requires special equipment's to transfer from
source to the sink.
INTRODUCTION
6. INTRODUCTION (CONTD.)
To transfer the power through grids into various sub
stations the power needs to reach the generator
transformer(GT) which steps down the high voltage and
current.
This transit occurs with the help of bus duct / bus bar
which is capable of carrying current up to 21000A and
can be subjected to various weather conditions without
substantial losses incurred.
7. BUS DUCTS
INTRODUCTION
Bus ducts or bus bars are used to carry very high current between the
generator and associated transformers, in the power stations.
In the power stations the generator voltages vary from 12 KV to 24
KV whereas auxiliary supply voltages are 3.3 KV, 6.6 KV, or 12 KV.
Bus duct forms an electrical link between generator , transformers
and associated equipment's. It is an assembly of bus bars with
associated joints ,connections and supporting insulators within a
grounded metal enclosure.
Bus bars are thick metal connectors, usually of aluminium , which
carry large current up to 10 KA. The conductors are metal enclosed,
8. Aluminium has been used for the enclosure, as well
as it reduces the magnetic losses.
Aluminium is being used increasingly as bus bar
material, in power stations, distribution boards,
switchgear, etc. one of the main reasons for this is that
it is cheaper to use than copper and making allowance
for the light metal’s.
9. There are three types of bus ducts
Isolated phase
bus duct.
(21kv)
segregated phase
bus duct.
(12kv)
Non segregated
phase bus duct.
(6.6kv)
10. An IPBD most commonly used for large power generating unit and popularly
known as generator bus duct , serves as an interconnection between generator
and it’s associated auxiliary equipment .
Conductors are air insulated and supported in the centre of an enclosure by
strategically arranging the insulators . phase to phase circuits are eliminated
and no current is induced in the steel work.
In Isolated Phase Bus duct each phase conductor is enclosed by an individual
metal housing and separated from adjacent phase conductor housing by an air
space.
Each phase conductor is mounted in an individual enclosure and is carrying
a much higher current for a given permissible temperature hence it has a large
heat dissipation as compared to segregated and non-segregated phase bus duct.
INTRODUCTION
11. SEGREGATED PHASE BUSDUCT
Metal enclosed bus duct in which all the phase conductors
housed in common metal enclosure and segregated by
metallic barrier between phases.
Segregated phase bus duct is generally employed in
medium voltage systems and serves as interconnection
between the switchgear and transformer.
The segregated phase bus duct comprises of three phase
conductors running along with barrier made of aluminium
alloy.
The non-magnetic barrier provided between phase
conductor reduces forces during phase to phase faults and
also helps in reducing temperature rise.
12. NON SEGRAGATED PHASE BUSDUCTS
Metal enclosed bus duct in which all phase conductors are in
common metal enclosure with only air barrier and physical
separation between the phases.
NSPBD serves as an interconnection between 1.1KV
switchgear/indoor power control centre (PCC)/motor control
centre(MCC) and its auxiliary transformer. It is also used for
trunking connection between two separate
switchgear/PCC/MCC, wherever applicable
15. DESIGN AND SELECTION
CRITERIA
The bus duct provide a means for carrying high
current. It provides high system reliability. The type and
rating of bus duct shall be as per system requirement.
The design of bus duct is based on following factors.
The continuous current rating.
Maximum system voltage.
Maximum dynamic and transient forces it may be
subjected to during its life span.
The dielectric requirement of the system.
Climatic conditions.
16. SELECTION CRITERIA
The shape and size of bus duct of bus bar/enclosure is
selected considering the following aspects.
1)The current carrying capability.
2)The resistivity required for permissible thermal limits.
3)Force between the different conductor in short circuit
condition.
4)Skin effect.
5)Proximity effect.
6)Effect of solar radiation on temperature rise
18. WHAT IS COMPUTER
NETWORKING???
•Information and communication are two of the most
important strategic issues for the success of every
enterprise. While today nearly every organization uses a
substantial number of computers and communication
tools (telephone , fax , personal hand held devices) , they
are often still isolated , many departments still do not
communicate and much needed information cannot be
readily accessed.
•To overcome these difficulties there is a need for
effective computer networking.
19. NEED OF COMPUTER NETWORKING
Computer networks allows the user to access remote
program and remote database either from the same
organization or from other enterprises or public source.
Computer networks provides communication faster then
other facility. Because of these optimal information and
communication possibilities , it may increase the
organizational learning rate
20. ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER
NETWORKING
FILE SHARING : computer networking makes easy for everyone to
access the same file and prevents people from accidentally creating
different version.
PRINTER SHARING: with the computer networking several
computers are inter-connected with the same printer.
COMMUNICATION AND CALLABORATION : it’s hard for
people to work together if no one knows what others are doing. A network
allows employees to share , view other people’s work , and exchange ideas
more efficiently. In a large office , one can use e-mail and instant
messaging tools to communicate quickly and to store for future reference.
ORGANIGATION AND DATA PROTECTION.
21. BASIC COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER
NETWORKING IN BHEL , RUDRAPUR
INTERANET
(MPLS)
INTERNET
(2 MBPS)
FIREWALL
SERVER
SWITCH
( to coordinate b/w
services and users)
ACTIVE
DIRECTORY
SHARING
SERVICE
WEBSITE SERVER
VARIOUS PC
CONNECTIONS
