4. Cont’d
Fig 1. Process flow diagram of BOG re-liquefaction system
(Source: Jung, M.J., et al., LNG Terminal Design Feedback from Operator’s Practical Improvements)
• Due to the inflow of heat transfer from the surroundings to cryogenic LNG, LNG is
unavoidable vaporized generating BOG (≤0.05%/day, mass fraction) in LNG storage
tanks and liquid filled pipe lines. In addition, LNG ship unloading operation also
contributes to BOG generation.
• BOG recondensation process use high energy consumption and poor flexibility.
5. LNG Imports: Republic of Korea
Fig2. Korea LNG Terminal Map
(Source: http://www.lngwebinfo.org/pagesmain/terminalmaps/region_19.aspx)
Note:
Samcheok : Under construction
Jeju : Planned
6. Cont’d
Table 1. LNG Imports Statistic in 2011
(Source: The LNG Industry, International Group of Liquefied Natural Gas Importers)
106 m3 liquid 106 t 109 m3 (n) share (%) Var. 2010/2011
gaseous (%)
Korea 78.82 35.55 45.05 14.8 8.9
Asia 336.81 153.03 191.98 63.6 14.8
World (Total) 532.35 240.80 304.11 100.0 9.4
Table 2. Korea Regasification Terminals in 2011
(Source: The LNG Industry, International Group of Liquefied Natural Gas Importers)
Site Storage Send out Owner Operator Source of import Start up
date
No. of Total No. of Nominal
tanks capacity in Vaporizers capacity in
cm (liq) NG bcm/y
Gwangyang 3 365 000 2 2.30 Posco Posco Indonesia 2005
Incheon 20 2 880 000 37 47.78 Kogas Kogas Indonesia, Malaysia, 1996
T&T, Brunei, Qatar,
Oman, Egypt, Australia,
Algeria, Nigeria,
Equatorial Guinea
Pyeong-Taek 21 2 960 000 34 47.30 Kogas Kogas SAA 1986
Tong-Yeong 16 2 480 000 12 20.76 Kogas Kogas SAA 2002
7. Theme/Title
Optimization of Boil Off Gas Recondensation
Process at LNG receiving terminal in Republic
of Korea
Contents:
• Process Simulation
• Energy Needed
8. Work Diagram
Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3
•Literature Study •Conclusion
•Simulation
•Obtaining Data •Writing
Boil Off Gas
A case study in
Republic of Korea
9. References
• Li, Y., et al., Flexible and cost-effective optimization of BOG (boil-off-gas)
recondensation process at LNG receiving terminals. Chem. Eng. Res. Des.
(2012), doi:10.1016/j.cherd.2012.01.013
• Jung, M.J., et al., LNG Terminal Design Feedback from Operator’s Practical
Improvements
• The LNG Industry, International Group of Liquefied Natural Gas Importers
11. Cont’d
Today’s world is facing global warming as one
of its main issues. A rise in carbon dioxide and
other greenhouse gases concentration in the
atmosphere causes this problem. A suggested
method for controlling the level of greenhouse
gases in the atmosphere is prevention of
flaring gas.
12. Flare Gas Recovery?
According to Kyoto Protocol Convert natural gas or
industrialized countries other gaseous
have to reduce Green House hydrocarbons into longer-
chain hydrocarbons such
Gases (GHGs) to prevent
as gasoline or diesel fuel
dangerous climate change
Oil Field:
•Reducing GHGs
•Reservoir reinjection
•Increasing Revenue
•Gas to market and etc.
Refinery:
•GTL
•Elctricity production
•Compression
13. Theme/Title
Integration and Optimization GTL Process
from Flare Gas in Refinery: A Simulation
Contents:
• Process Simulation
• Energy Needed
• Capital Expenditure and Operational
Expenditure
14. References
Rahimpour, M.R., et al., A comparative study
of three different methods for flare gas
recovery of Asalooye Gas Refinery. Journal of
Natural Gas Science and Engineering. (2011)
16. Cont’d
As we know distillation has low
thermodynamic efficiency. Many distillation
technology developed in order to make
energy usage more efficient and also reduce
operation cost. Regarding optimal separation,
this study want to compare distillation
technology such as conventional columns,
DWC, and Kaibel columns.
17. Theme/Title
Comparative Study for Crude Oil Distillation Technologies:
Conventional Columns, DWC and Kaibel Columns
Variables to compare:
• Energy Requirements (purest possible products with a
given energy AND purest possible products with energy
needed)
• Outlet Stream Composition Profiles
Sensitivity of Variable Changes for Composisition Profile:
• Inlet Stream (pressure and temperature)
• Pressure and Temperature Effects from Reboiler
18. Work Diagram
Reduce Energy Usage and Cost
Optimal Separation
19. References
• Selection of heat pump technologies for energy efficient distillation
Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, Volume 30, 2012, Pages 267-271
Servando J. Flores Landaeta, Anton A. Kiss
• A.A. Kiss, et al., Intensified process for aromatics separation powered by
Kaibel and dividing-wall columns, Chem. Eng. Process.
(2012), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2012.06.010
