A detailed ppt about electronics and its basic...
the slide is designed to be in a understandable manner ....
the other is a R & D engineer in the field
2. Objectives
To acquire the fundamental knowledge of electronics
To understand the working of basic components
To impart learning by practice
To nurture innovation among students
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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3. DISCOVERY
ELECTRICITY – ELECTRICUS(GREEK ) –AMBER-1600 –WILLIAM GILBERT
1800-BEJAMIN FRANKLIN DID KITE EXPT…
Amber- a resin from trees
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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4. 3 IMPORTANT PARAMETERS
CURRENT
VOLTAGE
RESISTANCE
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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5. Current
Force - Flow of charges causes it -+ve to –ve terminals
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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6. voltage
Voltage, electric potential difference, electric pressure or electric tension
Work done –in moving a charge between point A and B volts (joule/columb)
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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7. Resistance
Degree to which Conductor opposes current
Low resistance High resistance
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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8. Formulas connecting electricity
ohms law:
V=I.R ………V-Voltage, I- Current, R- Resistance
I = V/R
Why formulas :
• All Components need current
• All components will melt on excess current
• So precise current should be given to
components
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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9. How to make a electronic circuit
Buy components
Find their current, voltage requirements
Draw your circuit
Find resistance needed for each component
Draw your circuit
Current ,voltage of
each component
Find resistance
Draw circuit
Connect it 10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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10. Basic components
BATTERY
LED
RESISTOR
LDR
THEMISTOR
IR SENSOR
MOTOR
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11. BATTERY
BATTERY
RECHARGABLE
(secondary cell)
LEAD ACID LITHIUM-ION
NON-RECHARGABLE
(primary cell)
ALKALINE MERCURY ZINC CARBON SILVER OXIDE
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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12. LEAD ACID BATTERY (RECHARGABLE )
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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13. LITHIUM ION (RECHARGABLE )
TEMPERATURE CONTROL – Battery sends signal to
cellphone if it is getting too hot
Thermistor -node
Rechargeable – button cell
Lithium ion indication
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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14. Alkaline battery –not rechargeable
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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15. Zinc carbon batteries (not rechargeable)
Lechlanche cell – discovered by Lechlanche
Metal cap
Carbon rod
Zinc case
Manganese (iv)dioxide
Moist paste of ammonium
chloride
Metal bottom
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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16. Silver oxide (non rechargeable cells)
• All-button cells
• Technologically superior to all
batteries
• Used in rockets, space age
machines
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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17. LED-light emitting diode
Electroluminescence – radiative recombination of electrons and holes
Operation :
Typical -3 Volts min
Current -10 -20 ma 10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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18. Voltage and current requirements
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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19. Working of an led video-1
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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20. Working of an led video-2
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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21. Resistor
A device that – minimizes current and voltage
Resistor = carbon + ceramic + resin(adhesive)
Carbon - conductor
Ceramic – insulator
Resistance differs by = carbon : ceramic mix ratio
3 types
• 4 band
• 5 band
• 6 band
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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23. Tolerance :
Ability to bare – Eg :100ohm 10% tolerance it can acts as 100 to 110
Temperature coefficient of resistance (ppm/°C) :
Resistance –change with temperature
+ ve temp coeff- temp Resistance
- ve temp coeff- temp Resistance
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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24. How to chose a resistor
R = V/I
EXAMPLE :
GIVEN : 9VOLT BATTERY, LED – CURRENT 20MA
RESISTOR = V / I
= 9000 milli volts / 20 mA
=450 ohms
4 5 x 10 e1 = 450 ohms
Colours : 4 band 4 5 e1
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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26. Hands on :
Problem statement :
make an led glow using a battery on
switch “on “
10/28/2015B.DINESH, E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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27. Components needed
Led –green or red – 1
9V – battery
Resistor – 220 ohm or 330 ohm
Connecting wires
Crimper for cutting wires
Bread board
Switch
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29. Bread boarding for the hands-on
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Fritizing based bread board
diagram
30. Task-2
Make a night lamp led that glows in the dark
Components needed
• LDR
• Resistor -1m,10k,220
• Transistor –BC 547 (npn)
• LED
10/28/2015B.DINES H,surya E-TREE Electonics and I.T solutions, Training division
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31. LDR- Light Dependent Resistor
Darkness – high resistance
Light presence – resistance
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32. Light intensity in LUX
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