Pablo Allard "Making City from ScarCity. Lessons from Latin American cities" Пабло Альярд "Городское развитие в условиях нехватки ресурсов. Уроки латиноамериканских городов"

1. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
Making City from ScarCity
Lessons from Latin American cities
Pablo Allard
Decano, Facultad de Arquitectura y Arte
Universidad del Desarrollo
Socio Director URBANICA Consultores

2. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
Latin-America has experienced a dramatic development over the last 3 decades.
Today it is home to more than 560 million people (8% of the world’s population), and will reach 800 million population by the year
2050
Regional Per Cápita Income is above world´s average, it doubles China´s and is four times the one of India, Asia and Africa.
80% of latinos live in cities, and we are the fifth global economy, with a GDP of 4 trillion dollars by 2009.
In Latam cities, most basic needs are covered and their citizens are gradually demanding better quality of life.
Source Saúl Pineda, Universidad de Rosario Inteligencia de Negocios 2012
Latin-American cities in the global context
Rate of growth of Latin American cities in 2011 (as variation of GDP)McKinsey’s Global Institute has recently published
its ranking of the most dynamic global cities towards
the year 2025.
Among the top 75: 29 are located in china, 13 in the
US, 3 in Europe and 8 in Latam
S.Paulo 4, México 28, B.Aires 32, Río 34, Brasilia
49, Lima 66, Belo Horizonte 67 and Santiago 73

3. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
What we have in common…
Socio-spatial segregation and the overlap of formal and informal dynamics

4. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
We started by retrofitting the informal…
Recognizing the slums as part of the city and using infrastructure as a bridge for social equity
“Social Infrastructure”

5. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
Civil Works as Opportunities for Civic Life…
Medellín, Bogotá, Rio de Janeiro, La Paz and Caracas are using innovative transportation
infrastructure as a way to break social exclusion and segregation

6. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
And we are bringing opportunities where needed…
Social Infrastructure and community buildings become signs of hope and pride for the poor

7. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
“We are moving much faster towards a middle class society than we ever imagined 20 years ago. My feeling is that we are
crossing the threshold” Fernando Enrique Cardoso. Former President of Brasil
More than 350 million latinos, about 75 million households have reached a middle class lifestyle, with an average annual
income of 20 thousand dollars.
The scarcity of public services and social infrastructure, and the departure of the state in the provision of public goods
derived in the fact that most of the claims and demands for better quality of life of this emerging classes were covered by
the private or informal sectors.
The city of the New Latinos
Departing from cuantitative demands towards qualitative demands
Percentage of the population below the poverty line
Blue=City Grey=National

8. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
We customize, renovate, expand and recycle everything
In every social group and context

9. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
We aggregate Value
To our assets…

10. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
And adapted policy to accommodate and anticipate growth…
The case of ELEMENTAL in Chile. Use public resources to guarantee half of a middle
income house able to grow instead of a small complete low income one

11. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
We are turning waste into energy…
100% of sewage water in Santiago is treated and returned into the aquifer, biogas captured
in the process currently serves more than 30 thousand households in the city

12. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
Map of all public tweets
posted in Santiago in July
15 representing near
820.000 tweets.
Source: Jorge Mujica, IBM
73% of internet users in Chile have
SmartPhones, 81% use Facebook,
60% Youtube, 59.7% WhatsApp and
20% Linkedln.
These social networks have opened
new forms of collective organization
and collaboration that “Leap-frogged”
long term restrictions for social,
economic and cultural development.
We are connected
Low-cost Smart City

13. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
Real TL of a Public Bus System user in Santiago with the helpline of the Transportation Agency and Bus Company
We interact

14. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
21% of Colombians and 19% of Brazilians
would be willing to use their cellphones as a
mean to pay in a store. This is twice the
Russians. (MasterCard 2012)
This means that pre-paid mobiles and
electronic credit are becoming non-cash
alternatives for those who have no access to
banking in order to pay for products and
services they needs.
Fuente: MasterCard Worldwide 2012
We´ll get banked without banks
The power of those without power

15. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
And we are resilient
Natural Disasters as opportunities for accelerated development.

16. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
Dichato
Dichato before and after the earthquake and tsunami.

17. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
Fuente:MINVU
Planning resilient communities
Reconstruction Master Plan for Dichato PRBC18
TERRITORIOS: New architecture, landscape, urban and regional design in Chile UDD/Berkeley Simposium Pablo Allard

18. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard

19. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard

20. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo AllardTERRITORIOS: New architecture, landscape, urban and regional design in Chile UDD/Berkeley Simposium Pablo Allard

21. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard

22. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard

23. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
Dramatic socio-economic changes and institutional stability in Latam have
triggered the conjunction of key components to face the challenges of an
emerging urban continent:
• Institutional capacity (Political Stability and sound Long-Term Policy)
• Innovative Design (Progressive Architecture & Planning)
• Informal creativity (Emerging Community Involvement in process)
• Formal opportunism (Retail Colonization and Deployment)
• Private provision of public goods (Infrastructure and Services)
• Planning for resilience and sustainability (Risk as opportunity)
• Claims for social justice (reforms & recognition of urban debt)
we should capitalize these experiences, articulate the forces, find the right
strategies and move forward into implementation

24. Moscow Urban Forum Infrastructure and Improvement of the Environment in the Megacity Pablo Allard
Pablo Allard
pallard@udd.cl
@pallards
Dean Facultad de Arquitectura y Arte
Universidad del Desarrollo
Santiago & Concepción, CHILE
Thank You