safety and health

1. HIRARC OF SOIL INVESTIGATION AT GADANG
CONSTRUCTION SITE
MOHAMAD ARIFFIN BIN SAMSURI
DOSHM0713001247
SEMESTA 3
BATCH 26G2
SIR MOHD FARIS BIN MOHD ZAWAWI

2. introduction
• Gadang Holdings Berhad (Gadang) was incorporated in Malaysia on 6 October
1993 as a public limited company under the name of Lai Sing Holdings Berhad
and was subsequently changed to its present name on 7 November 1997
• Gadang is an investment holding company while its subsidiaries' core businesses
are in civil engineering and building construction, property development, water
concession, mechanical and electrical engineering services and general trading.

3. COMPANY VISION AND MISION
VISION
- to build a reputable Gadang
- deliver quality products
- derive positive return.
MISION
- to adopt a hands on approach.
- to be result oriented.
- to achieve continual growth.

4. PROJECT LOCATION

5. WORK PROCESS
site cleaning
soil
investigation
earth work
demolition
work
bored pile
concrete
work
road work
drainage
work

6. ACTIVITY OF SOIL INVESTIGATION
Traffic management
Setup &
maintenance of the
drilling & grouting
machine
Position the drilling
machine
Nights works
Grouting works
Drilling works

7. OBJECTIVE
• To identify three (3) Safety Hazards and two (2) Health Hazards at the workplace and
discuss in detail the techniques used to identify all types of hazards.
• To identify the risk at the workplace
• To reduce the hazard from happen again
• To discuss and give appropriate suggestions for control measures in order to eliminate,
reduce, and minimize the risk of the most critical hazards
• To explain the implications of the most critical hazards (safety & health hazard) that has
been identified and their preventive measure

8. METHODOLOGY
WORKPLACE HAZARD
OBSERVATION:
• To observe the soil investigation
activities involved and the hazard
encountered during performing the
activities.
• Observe any unsafe act, hazard,
dangerous at the construction site
INTERVIEW WITH WORKERS
• Interview with safety officer Abdul Razak
Example of question being asking during the interview
as below;
How long you work at this company?
What are the work activities taken until the task is
completed?
Did you notify any hazards occur during each job work
activity?
What are you concern of during the work activity?
REVIEW OF AVAILABLE
INFORMATION
• Information were collected from the
company
• Reviewing the record of workplace for
example document

9. LIKELIHOOD TABLE
EXAMPLE:
Likelihood
(L)
Example Rating
Most likely The most likely result of the hazard / event being realized 5
Possible Has a good chance of occurring and is not unusual 4
Conceivable Might be occur at some time in future 3
Remote Has not been known to occur after many years 2
Inconceivable Is practically impossible and has never occurred 1
SEVERITY TABLE:
Severity Example Rating
Catastrophic Numerous fatalities, irrecoverable property damage and
productivity
5
Fatal Approximately one single fatality major property damage if hazard
is realized
4
Serious Non- fatal injury, permanent disability 3
Minor Disabling but not permanent injury 2
Negligible Minor abrasions, bruises, cuts, first aid type injury 1

10. RISK MATRIX TABLE:
Severity (S)
Likelihood
(L)
1 2 3 4 5
5 5 10 15 20 25
4 4 8 12 16 20
3 3 6 9 12 15
2 2 4 6 8 10
1 1 2 3 4 5

11. HIRARC RESULT
Work process: CONSTRUCTION OF SOIL INVESTIGATION Conducted by: MOHAMAD ARIFFIN BIN SAMSURI
Hazard identification Risk analysis Risk control
No Work activity Hazard Effect Existing control L S Risk recommendation Legal requirement
1 Temporary
traffic control
Accident due to
mobilization of
machineries
(crash by heavy
machinery)
(safety)
Serious or
minor Injury,
bone
fracture,
traffic
congestion
Toolbox meeting,
daily workplace
inspection, provide
complete set of ppe
3 3 9
medium
ELIMINATION: N/A
SUBSTITUTION: N/A
ISOLATION: N/A
ENGINEERING CONTROL: N/A
ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL: provide
general workers to direct traffic, competent
operator and driver with valid driving license,
implement traffic management as per approved
by management, Provide clear & working space
and access with enough flagmen to control the
traffic.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT:
provide hazard warning blinker light
FMA1987
(building
operation and
works of
engineering
construction)
(runways and
ramps)
FMA 1987
(person in
charge)(machiner
y required to be
in charge of
persons holding
certificates of
competency)(sect
ion 13,
assessment of
drivers)

12. Work process: CONSTRUCTION OF SOIL INVESTIGATION Conducted by: MOHAMAD ARIFFIN BIN SAMSURI
Hazard identification Risk analysis Risk control
No Work activity Hazard Effect Existing control L S Risk recommendation Legal requirement
2 Night work Struck by
vehicles
(public transport
and heavy
machinery at
workstation)
(safety)
Bone
fracture
Toolbox meeting,
daily workplace
inspection, provide
complete set of
ppe
5 2 10
medium
ELIMINATION: N/A
SUBSTITUTION: N/A
ISOLATION: N/A
ENGINEERING CONTROL: N/A
ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL: briefing before
work, job rotation (arranging work shift to
workers). provide enough lighting to works,
provide warning sings
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT: provide
lighting helmet, reflected light jacket
OSHA
1994(general
duties of
employers and
self-employers
persons)(section
15)

13. Work process: CONSTRUCTION OF SOIL INVESTIGATION Conducted by: MOHAMAD ARIFFIN BIN SAMSURI
Hazard identification Risk analysis Risk control
No Work activity Hazard Effect Existing control L S Risk recommendation Legal requirement
3 Drilling works Prolonged
Extremely
vibration
(health)
White finger
(also known
as "dead
finger" ) -
damage to
hands
causing
whiteness
and pain in
the fingers
Toolbox meeting,
daily workplace
inspection, provide
complete set of ppe
3 2 6
medium
ELIMINATION: N/A
SUBSTITUTION: N/A
ISOLATION: N/A
ENGINEERING CONTROL:
N/A
ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL: Job rotation
every one hour, frequent short break,
maintenance the machines
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT:
Provide glove reduce vibration (leather)
OSHA 1994
(safety and health
officer)(duties of
safety and health
officers)
OSHA
1994(USECHH
2000) (use of
approved
personal
protective
equipment)

14. Work process: CONSTRUCTION OF SOIL INVESTIGATION Conducted by: MOHAMAD ARIFFIN BIN SAMSURI
Hazard identification Risk analysis Risk control
No Work activity Hazard Effect Existing control L S Risk recommendation Legal requirement
4 Drilling work Exposed to sand
dust inhalation
(health)
Respiratory
problem, eye
irritation
Toolbox meeting,
daily workplace
inspection, provide
complete set of ppe
4 3 12
medium
ELIMINATION: N/A
SUBSTITUTION: N/A
ISOLATION: isolate the worker(was related to
drilling work)
ENGINEERING CONTROL: provide the
barrier around the work station and install the
ventilation
ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL: job rotation,
and frequent short break, Provide shift work for
the worker to reduce the duration of workers
exposed to the soil sand dust.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT:
Provide respirator, (filter mask) goggle, face
shield
FMA 1987
REGULATIONS
1984
(RESPIRATORY
PREOTECTION)

15. Work process: CONSTRUCTION OF SOIL INVESTIGATION Conducted by: MOHAMAD ARIFFIN BIN SAMSURI
Hazard identification Risk analysis Risk control
No Work activity Hazard Effect Existing control L S Risk recommendation Legal requirement
5 Drilling work Excessive extreme
heat
Heat
stress(sweati
ng)/skin
redness/fainti
ng
Toolbox meeting,
daily workplace
inspection, provide
complete set of ppe
5 2 10
medium
ELIMINATION: N/A
SUBSTITUTION: N/A
ISOLATION: N/A
ENGINEERING CONTROL:N/A
ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL: provide
water fan, provide canopy to protect worker from
heat.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT:
provide cotton clothes or clothes absorb
sweating.
OSHA
1994(general
duties of
employers and
self-employers
persons)(section
15)

16. DISCUSSION
MOST CRITICAL HAZARD (SAFETY HAZARD)
No Work activity Hazard Effect Existing control L S Risk
2 Night works Struck by
vehicles (public
transport and
heavy machinery
at workstation)
(safety)
Bone fracture Toolbox meeting, daily
workplace inspection,
provide complete set of ppe
5 2 10
The worker also has been supplied by complete all ppe . Workers who work at nights are not aware of the hazard
related to the work activity. The effect of the hazard is workers will minor injury, bone fracture, or more badly.
The implication of workers towards nights, the worker might be exposed to accident.

17. MOST CRITICAL HAZARD (HEALTH HAZARD
No Work activity Hazard Effect Existing control L S Risk
4
drilling work Expose to sand
dust inhalation
Respiratory
problem
Toolbox meeting, daily
workplace inspection,
provide complete set of ppe,
4 3 12
This hazard is the most significant critical health hazards because the worker also has been inducted by safety personnel and
provide complete set of PPE. Workers who work with drilling work are not aware of the hazard related to the work activity.
The effect of the hazard workers will get respiratory problem due to drilling sand dust inhalation. The implication of workers
towards drilling sand dust inhalation.

18. RECOMMENDATION FOR MOST CRITICAL SAFETY HAZARD
No Hierarchy of control Control Measure
1.
Elimination
Not applicable
Description:
a) There are nothing can be eliminate in this process
2.
Substitution
Not applicable
Description:
a) There are nothing can be substitute in the process
3. Isolation
Not applicable
Description:
a) There are nothing can be substitute in the process
4. Engineering control
Not applicable
Description
a) There are nothing can be substitute in the process
5
Administration control
a) briefing before work
b) job rotation (arranging work shift to workers)
c) provide enough lighting to works
Description
a) Increase awareness about the hazard among workers during the toolbox meeting before work is
carried out
b) light is important for employees who work at night to avoid from accident happen at the workplace
6. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) a) provide lighting helmet
b) reflected light jacket
Description:
a) lighting helmet and reflect light jacket is important because as one way to facilitate the work at night
or as a signalman to vehicles

19. RECOMMENDATION FOR MOST CRITICAL HEALTH HAZARD
No Hierarchy of control Control Measure
1. Elimination
Not applicable
Description:
a) There are nothing can be eliminate in this process
2. Substitution
Not applicable
Description:
a) There are nothing can be substitute in the process
3. Isolation
a) isolate other worker
Description:
a) Only the person who are involved in drilling works is needed in the area
4. Engineering control
a) install the barrier around the work station
Description:
a) To reduce dust from directly exposed to our respirator system
5. Administration control
a) Job rotation and frequent short break or provide the work shift for the worker
Description:
a) Job rotation at once in 2 hours,
b) Work shift to workers is necessary
6. Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE)
a) Provide respirator (filter mask) goggle, face shield
Description:
a) respirator is needed while drilling the sand for protection of the worker from inhaled the dust

20. CONCLUSION
 In order to reduce the hazard or most critical hazard rate, the employer should show commitment
towards safety and health practices and therefore give full priority to promote and enforce the
safety and health rules in workplace.
 Hierarchy of control were use in order to minimize and control the most critical hazard that exist at
the workplace.
 To ensure the safety culture can be implemented in an organization.
 the management and workers have to take part in any safety and health program and give a full
cooperation when comes to safety and health issues.

21. APPENDIX
Thanks for listening
Soil investigation