iPhone - Human Interface Guidelines

iPhone - Human Interface Guidelines Martin Ebner The presentation bases onhttp://developer.apple.com/iphone/library/documentation/userexperience/ conceptual/mobilehig/Introduction/Introduction.html

Do we need Usability? http://www.flickr.com/photos/rdolishny/2760207306

The future is mobilehttp://flickr.com/photos/thomcochrane/416206133/

Fun - just in time - for your target grouphttp://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/161/

iPhone / iPad just another device?http://www.ﬂickr.com/photos/kiki99/1031313718

„The iPhone generates 33% of all smartphone trafﬁc worldwide and 50% in the US“ (AdMob Mobile Metrics, Febr. 2009) http://metrics.admob.com/iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

„The iPhone generates 33% of all smartphone trafﬁc worldwide and 50% in the US“ (AdMob Mobile Metrics, Febr. 2009) • The Symbian OS is still number one with 43% share and six of the top 10 handsets. Windows Mobile and Palm each lost half their worldwide share over last six months. • The Top 5 US smartphones - Apple iPhone, BlackBerry Curve, BlackBery Pearl, Palm Centro, and HTC Dream (G1) - generated 77% of traffic in February • The iPhone is now the number one device by usage in Western Europe with 21% share of total requests http://metrics.admob.com/iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

„91% of iPhone users and 88% of iPod touch users would recommend their device, compared to 84% of Android users and 69% of webOS users“ (AdMob Mobile Metrics, January. 2009) http://metrics.admob.com/iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

A total of 99 percent of 200 respondents to a RBC/IQ ChangeWave survey in August said they are satisﬁed with their iPhone 3GS, with 82 percent of those "Very Satisﬁed." http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/09/08/14/apples_iphone_3gs_has_99_percent_satisfaction_rate.htmliPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

http://www.appleinsider.com/articles/09/08/14/apples_iphone_3gs_has_99_percent_satisfaction_rate.htmliPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Apps usable for everyone?iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

ADS „ ... pick the few features, most frequently used, by the majority of your users, most appropriated for the mobile ...“ Application Definiton Statement {your differentiator} {your solution} for {your audience}iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

ADS „ ... pick the few features, most frequently used, by the majority of your users, most appropriated for the mobile ...“ Example: {easy to use} {digital photo sharing} for {casual iphone users} Note - this is a new app {easy to use} {digital photo sharing} for {professional iphone users}iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

ADS „ ... pick the few features, most frequently used, by the majority of your users, most appropriated for the mobile ...“ • Elegant solution: you must solve a users problem and solve it eleganty • Great usability: solide app hierarchy, clean layout • Gorgeous application icon: hey, the icon is the brand of your product!iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

iPhone - HI Guidelines Planning your iPhone Software Product Designing the User Interface of your iPhone ApplicationiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

iPhone OS Platform Rich with Possibilites http://www.flickr.com/photos/shuffle-art/1441940051iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Platform Differences „An iPhone OS-based device is not a desktop or laptop computer, and an iPhone application is not the same as a desktop application.“ • Compact Sreen Size - 480*320 pixels (iPhone 3 and lower) or 960*640 pixels (since iPhone 4) • Memory is not unlimted • One Screen at a Time • One Application at a Time (since OS 4.0 not, but suggested) • Minimal User HelpiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

What Are Your Options? „Depending on the implementation details and its intended audience, some types of software may be better suited to your needs than others.“ • An iPhone Application (available in App Store) • Web-only Content (compare http://itunes.tugraz.at): - Web Application - Optimized webpage - Compatible webpage • Hybrid Applications (access to web content)iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

3 Application Styles „... applicaton styles, based on visual and behavioral characterstics, data model, and user experience.“ • What do you expect to be the user‘s motivation for using the application? • What do you itend to be the user‘s experience while using the application? • What is the goal or focus of the application? • How does the application organize and display the information people care about?iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Productivity Applications „ ... enables tasks that are based on the organization and manipulation of detailed information“ • Organizing the list • Adding and subcontracting • Drilling down, performing tasks on reached leveliPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Utility Applications „ ... perfoms a simply task that requires a minimum of user input.“ • visually attractive • enhancement of information display • Organize of information into a flattened list of items; no hierachyiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Immersive Applications „ ... offers a full-screen, visually rich environment that‘s focused on the content and the user‘s experience with that content“ • tends to hide much of device‘s user interface • use of nonstandards controls appropriate • information presentation in the context of game-play, story or experienceiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Choosing an App Style „When in doubt, keep it simple.“ • Pare the feature list to the minimum • To bring ideas from you desktop application to an iPhone application, apply the 80-20 rule (the largest percentage of users will use a very limited number of features) • Find the core tasksiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Case Study: Mail „ ... when people are mobile, their needs for an email application are simpler, and they want access to core functionality quickly.“iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Human Interface Principles http://www.flickr.com/photos/wonderlane/4315076635iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Great User Interface „ ... follows human interface design principles, that are based on the way people think and work, not on the capibilities of the device.“ • Methaphors (playback control, sliding on-off switching, ...) • Direct Manipulation (with the Multi-Touch Interface) • See and Point (Presenting choices or options in list form) • Feedback (must be immediate) • User Control (user, not the application must initiate and control actions) • Asthetc Integrity (how well the appearance of you application integrates with your functionality)iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Characteristics of Great iPhone Applications http://www.flickr.com/photos/rivalee/2939042459iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Build in Simplicty/Ease of Use „ ... users are probably doing other things while they simultaneously use your application“ • Make it obvious • High level Information near the top of the screen (independent of how people tap on screen, top is most visible) • Minimize text input • Keep essential information succinctly • Provide a fingertip-size target area for all tappable elements (calculator example: 44*44 pixel)iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Focus on the Primary Task „An iPhone Application that establishes and maintains focus on its primary functionality is satisfying and enjoyable to use“ • What is most important in each context? • Is the provided information essential, does a user need this information right now?iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Communicate Effectively „ ... avoid technical jargon in the user interface“ • Feedback is important • use user-centric terminologyiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Support Gestures Appropriately „To ensure that your application is discoverable and easy to use, therefore, try to limit the gestures you require to the most popular.“iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Handling Common Tasks http://www.flickr.com/photos/intherough/4263146374iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Starting „iPhone Application should start instantly so users can begin using them without delay“ • Specify appropriate status bar styles • Display a launch image • Avoid displaying an About window, splash screen or another tpye of startup experiences • Launch in portrait orientationiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Stopping „iphone Applications should never quit programmatically“ • Be prepared to receive an exit or terminate notification at any time. • Save the current state when stopping • Avoid alerts • User has to decide if continuing you application or pressing the Home ButtoniPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Settings and Configuration „It‘s best when iPhone application do not aks users to specify any settings at all“ • Focus your solutions on the needs of 80 percent of users • Get as much information as possible from other sources • If you must ask for setup-information, prompt users to enter within your application • Offer configuration options in the main user interface or on the back of a screeniPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

.... „Don‘t provide a button for a built-in action, because users will wonder why there are two ways to do the same thing in your application“ • Support Copy and Paste • Support Undo and Redo • Enabling Push Notifications (delivery is not guaranteed) • Providing Search and Displaying Search Results • Using the User‘s LocationiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Using Sound „ ... users always expect to hear alarms that they have set.“ • Ring/Silent Switch (avoid sound if it is not explicity set) • Volume Buttons (the user always decided the loudness) • Headset and Headphones (plug in headsets means sound has to be set privately) • Wireless audio (disconnection = pause, connection = no pause) • Defining the Audio Behavior is essential taskiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Multitasking „ Multitasking allows people to switch quickly among recently used applications, because apps can be suspended in the background when they are quit.“ • Be ready for interruptions, and ready to resume • Make sure your UI can handle the double- high status bar • Be ready to pause activities that require people’s attention or active participation • Ensure that your audio behaves appropriatelyiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Multitasking „ Multitasking allows people to switch quickly among recently used applications, because apps can be suspended in the background when they are quit.“ • Use local notifications sparingly • When appropriate, finish user-initiated tasks in the background.iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Printing „ ... users can wirelessly print content from your application“ • Use the system-provided Action button • Display the Print item when printing is a primary function in the current context • If appropriate, provide additional printing options to users • Don’t display print-specific UI if users can’t printiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

iAd „ ... you can allow advertisements to display within your application and you can receive revenue when users see or interact with them“ • size 320*50 • Place the banner view at or near the bottom of the screen • Ensure that banner views appear when it makes sense in your application • As much as possible, display banner ads in both orientationsiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

iAd „ ... you can allow advertisements to display within your application and you can receive revenue when users see or interact with them“ • Don’t allow an ad to scroll off the screen • While people view or interact with ads, pause activities that require their attention or interaction • Don’t stop an ad, except in rare circumstancesiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

iPhone - HI Guidelines Planning your iPhone Software Product Designing the User Interface of your iPhone ApplicationiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Brief Tour of the Application User InterfaceiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011 http://www.flickr.com/photos/ari/4314027331

Main parts of application screen „Every application, regardless of type, has an application window“ • Status Bar • Navigation Bar • Tab Bar • ToolbariPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Users are accustomed to the look and behavior of standard views and controlsiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011 http://www.flickr.com/photos/r_catalano/4180965353

Status Bar „People expect to see the current battery charge of their device; hiding this information [...] is not an ideal user experience“ • hiding status bar in case of immersive application (carefully decision) • important bar (cell signal strength, network, battery) • three possible colorsiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Navigation Bar „ ... appears at the upper edge of an application screen, just below the status bar.“ • enable navigation among different views in an application • provide title and controls that manage the items in a viewiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Tool Bar „ ... performs actions related to objects in the current view.“ • constrain the number of items (44*44 pixels) • use the predefined buttons • colors blue and blackiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Tab Bars „ If you application provides different perspectives on the same set of data, ... .“ • icons and text, all equal in width and black background • tab does not change its opacity or height, regardless of orientattion • more than five tabs, iPhone OS add a „More“ tab • badging a Tab is possible to communicate in a noninstrutive wayiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Alerts, Action Sheets, Modal Views „ ... appear when something requires the user‘s attention ... “iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Alerts „ ... give users criticial information in a highly visible way. “ • minize the number of alerts • ask for confirmation • single / double button alertiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Action Sheet „ ... appears as the result of a user action ... “ • no display of a textual message • two different backgrounds • the closer the top, the more visible • be aware of mistakenly tapping the bottom button instead of Home buttoniPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Table View „ ... presents data in a single-column list of multiple rows.“ • provide feedback when user select a list item • display content immediately • plain / group style • different table-view elementsiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Text View „ ... is a region that displays multiple lines of text ....“iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Different Application Controls „Remember that users expect familiar controls to behave as they to in the built-in applications.“ • Activity Indicators • Progress Views • Date and Time Pickers • Rounded Rectangle Buttons • Disclosure Buttons • Search Bars • Info Buttons • Segmented Controls • Labels • Sliders • Page Indicators • Text Fields • PickersiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Sytem Provided Buttons „ ... promote a consistent user experience and make your job easier.“iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Creating Custom Icons and ImagesiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011 http://www.flickr.com/photos/conorpendergrast/2634918994

Application Icons „This is a place where branding and strong visual design should come together into a compact, instantly instantly recognizable, attractive package.“ • rounded corners, drop shadow, reflective shine automatically added • measures 57*57 pixel (114*114 for high resolution) • small icon for spotlight search (29*29; 58*58 high resolution)iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Launch Images „To enhance the user‘s experience at application launch ... .“ • should not an about window, branding elements • measures 320*480 pixel (640*940 high resolution) • it is solely intended to enhance the user‘s perception, as quick launch, ready for useiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Icons for ... „do not redesign standard buttons“ • simple and streamlined • not easily mistaken • readily understood and widely acceptableiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

iPad - New Way for Applications http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jdExukJVUGIiPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

What happens when you hand a 3-year-old an iPhone? http://elearningblog.tugraz.at/archives/2994iPhone Human Interface Guidlines - Martin Ebner 2011

Grab and Search your Tweets http://grabeeter.tugraz.at martin.ebner@tugraz.atSlides available at: http://elearningblog.tugraz.at SOCIAL LEARNING Computer and Information Services Graz University of Technology Graz University of Technology Martin Ebner http://elearningblog.tugraz.at mebner http://elearning.tugraz.at

iPhone - Human Interface Guidelines

by Martin Ebner on Mar 09, 2011

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