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7             Articles:
              Indefinite and Definite


The Rules of the
     Game


    Focus on Grammar 3
    Part V, Unit 22
    By Ruth Luman, Gabriele Steiner, and BJ Wells
    Copyright © 2006. Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chess
    Chess is a game for two players. Each player
begins with a set of sixteen white or black
pieces. Some chess sets are plain, but some are
very unusual. The players take turns moving
their pieces on a board with 64 squares. Each
type of piece moves in a different way. The
Queen is the most powerful piece, but the King
is the most important. The primary goal in chess
is to checkmate your opponent’s King. The
game is over when a King cannot avoid capture.
Indefinite Nouns 1
     A noun is indefinite when you and your listener do not
     have a specific person, place, or thing in mind.


Let’s play a                                  You’ll need
  game!
  game                                        some luck
                                              to beat me.
Indefinite Nouns 2
Use the indefinite article a / an with singular
count nouns that are indefinite.

                     singular count noun


               Chess is a game for two players.

                            singular count noun


   You may capture an enemy piece.
A or An 1

      Use a before consonant sounds.

consonant
  with a        A chessboard has 64 squares.
consonant
  sound




  vowel
  with a
consonant       Chess is a unique game.
  sound
A or An 2

       Use an before vowel sounds.


consonant
  with a       The game lasted over an hour.
  vowel
  sound




  vowel
  with a
  vowel         Chess is an interesting game.
  sound
Indefinite Nouns 3
    Use no article ( ∅ ) or some with plural count nouns
    and non-count nouns that are indefinite. Some means
    an indefinite number.


     plural count noun


Some chess sets are very unusual.

                     non-count noun


Most players enjoy competition.
Identifying Nouns 1
      Use a / an with singular count nouns to
      say what someone or something is.


            singular count noun


  Chess is a board game.

                   singular count noun


Chess is an interesting game .
Identifying Nouns 2
  Use no article ( ∅ ) with plural count nouns and
  non-count nouns to say what someone or
  something is.
                                 plural count noun


Kings, queens, and bishops are chess pieces.
                                     pieces


                           non - count nouns




Some chess sets are made of marble or glass.
                                      glass
Make General Statements
      Use no article ( ∅ ) with plural count nouns and
      non-count nouns to make general statements.

                           plural count noun


Players often play with chess clocks.

        non - count noun


 Special software is needed to play chess online.
Practice 1                   Complete the sentences with
                                a, an, some, or ∅ (no article).


                        ∅
Example: Can you play ______chess?

                ∅
 1. In chess, ______ pawns move one square at a time.
             an
 2. Chess is ____ interesting game.

                                 a
 3. The white Queen begins on ______ white square.

                                 a
 4. A pawn can be promoted to ______ Queen.

                                  an
 5. A verbal call of “check” is ______ insult.

    Some                  a
 6. ______ games end in ______ tie.
Definite Nouns
   A noun is definite when you and your listener both know
   which person, place or thing you are talking about.


                                         Right here. It’s
Where is the
                                           part of the
chessboard?
                                            furniture.
The 1
         Use the with most common nouns (count and
         non-count, singular and plural) that are definite.

                        plural count noun

Players with the white pieces move first.
singular count noun


The queen is the most powerful piece.
                         non - count noun


Some players record the time between moves.
The 2
       Use the when a person, place, or thing is
       unique.

                                              There’s
                                               only
The player who checkmates is the winner.
                                 winner        one
                                              winner.


                                            There’s
                                             only
    People can play chess on the web.        one
                                             web.
The 3
        Use the when the context makes it clear
        which person, place, or thing you mean.


Will you let
  me win
the game?
                                           They know
                                              he is
                                             talking
                                           about their
                                           card game.
Complete the sentences with a,
   Practice 2                 an, the, some, or ∅ (no article).


    It started in China, but people play Mahjong all over
   the                                      ∅
______ world. Mahjong is played with ______ tiles. They
                   ∅                         The
are made from ______ bamboo or ivory. ______ tiles
            ∅                              a
display ______ flowers, numbers, or ______ unique
                                                  a
animal. Players shuffle the tiles by building ______ wall.
                                        Mahjong
There are several mahjong patterns such as a Chow and a
           A                                   the
Pong. ______ Kong contains four tiles of ______ same
                     An
number and suit. ______ Eye contains two tiles of the same
                                    the
number and suit. The object of ______ game is to collect
    a
______ set of fourteen tiles in four groups of three tiles and
    a
______ matched pair. Now you can download ______    ∅
                              the
Mahjong and play it over ______ Internet.
References


Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education and its
licensors.
All rights reserved.

Chess Table ©
http://www.everythingfurniture.com.

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Articles, indefinite and definite

  • 1. 7 Articles: Indefinite and Definite The Rules of the Game Focus on Grammar 3 Part V, Unit 22 By Ruth Luman, Gabriele Steiner, and BJ Wells Copyright © 2006. Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
  • 2. Chess Chess is a game for two players. Each player begins with a set of sixteen white or black pieces. Some chess sets are plain, but some are very unusual. The players take turns moving their pieces on a board with 64 squares. Each type of piece moves in a different way. The Queen is the most powerful piece, but the King is the most important. The primary goal in chess is to checkmate your opponent’s King. The game is over when a King cannot avoid capture.
  • 3. Indefinite Nouns 1 A noun is indefinite when you and your listener do not have a specific person, place, or thing in mind. Let’s play a You’ll need game! game some luck to beat me.
  • 4. Indefinite Nouns 2 Use the indefinite article a / an with singular count nouns that are indefinite. singular count noun Chess is a game for two players. singular count noun You may capture an enemy piece.
  • 5. A or An 1 Use a before consonant sounds. consonant with a A chessboard has 64 squares. consonant sound vowel with a consonant Chess is a unique game. sound
  • 6. A or An 2 Use an before vowel sounds. consonant with a The game lasted over an hour. vowel sound vowel with a vowel Chess is an interesting game. sound
  • 7. Indefinite Nouns 3 Use no article ( ∅ ) or some with plural count nouns and non-count nouns that are indefinite. Some means an indefinite number. plural count noun Some chess sets are very unusual. non-count noun Most players enjoy competition.
  • 8. Identifying Nouns 1 Use a / an with singular count nouns to say what someone or something is. singular count noun Chess is a board game. singular count noun Chess is an interesting game .
  • 9. Identifying Nouns 2 Use no article ( ∅ ) with plural count nouns and non-count nouns to say what someone or something is. plural count noun Kings, queens, and bishops are chess pieces. pieces non - count nouns Some chess sets are made of marble or glass. glass
  • 10. Make General Statements Use no article ( ∅ ) with plural count nouns and non-count nouns to make general statements. plural count noun Players often play with chess clocks. non - count noun Special software is needed to play chess online.
  • 11. Practice 1 Complete the sentences with a, an, some, or ∅ (no article). ∅ Example: Can you play ______chess? ∅ 1. In chess, ______ pawns move one square at a time. an 2. Chess is ____ interesting game. a 3. The white Queen begins on ______ white square. a 4. A pawn can be promoted to ______ Queen. an 5. A verbal call of “check” is ______ insult. Some a 6. ______ games end in ______ tie.
  • 12. Definite Nouns A noun is definite when you and your listener both know which person, place or thing you are talking about. Right here. It’s Where is the part of the chessboard? furniture.
  • 13. The 1 Use the with most common nouns (count and non-count, singular and plural) that are definite. plural count noun Players with the white pieces move first. singular count noun The queen is the most powerful piece. non - count noun Some players record the time between moves.
  • 14. The 2 Use the when a person, place, or thing is unique. There’s only The player who checkmates is the winner. winner one winner. There’s only People can play chess on the web. one web.
  • 15. The 3 Use the when the context makes it clear which person, place, or thing you mean. Will you let me win the game? They know he is talking about their card game.
  • 16. Complete the sentences with a, Practice 2 an, the, some, or ∅ (no article). It started in China, but people play Mahjong all over the ∅ ______ world. Mahjong is played with ______ tiles. They ∅ The are made from ______ bamboo or ivory. ______ tiles ∅ a display ______ flowers, numbers, or ______ unique a animal. Players shuffle the tiles by building ______ wall. Mahjong There are several mahjong patterns such as a Chow and a A the Pong. ______ Kong contains four tiles of ______ same An number and suit. ______ Eye contains two tiles of the same the number and suit. The object of ______ game is to collect a ______ set of fourteen tiles in four groups of three tiles and a ______ matched pair. Now you can download ______ ∅ the Mahjong and play it over ______ Internet.
  • 17. References Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education and its licensors. All rights reserved. Chess Table © http://www.everythingfurniture.com.