Location based mobile services (LBS) are budding significantly along with development of GPS-enabled mobile phones, smart phones and PDAs. Mobile users may submit the query to the server for knowing about nearest resources such as fuel stations, hospitals, ATM centers etc to get the services. In this scenario, identifying locations of resources is highly significant. This paper focuses on query management in mobile environments to locate the most appropriate location of the required services.

1. ACEEE Int. J. on Communication, Vol. 01, No. 03, Dec 2010
Resource Identification Using Mobile Queries
S. R. Balasundaram1 , A. Saravanan2
1
Assistant Professor, 2Research Scholar
1
blsundar@nitt.edu
1,2
Department of Computer Applications
National Institute of Technology,Tiruchirappalli ,India.
2
saro_manj@yahoo.com
Abstract - Location based mobile services (LBS) are budding distress being experienced during the journey, which is
significantly along with development of GPS-enabled mobile often a time consuming process.
phones, smart phones and PDAs. Mobile users may submit the The current location of the mobile user will not help to
query to the server for knowing about nearest resources such provide the proper index for identifying the nearest required
as fuel stations, hospitals, ATM centers etc to get the services.
In this scenario, identifying locations of resources is highly
resources from the database. Most of the location based
significant. This paper focuses on query management in applications have considered only the current location as
mobile environments to locate the most appropriate location of the index to get the details from the database. The results
the required services. based on this index may not be an accurate one, because of
the user’s mobility. Hence, prediction mechanism is needed
Index Terms - Mobility, GPS mechanisms, Location based for finding the future location of the mobile user, which
services, Mobile data, Query management. would be used to define a proper index for identifying the
resources from the database.
I. INTRODUCTION
With recent advances in wireless technologies and
communications, mobile services are becoming an
important part in day to day human life. The mobile
environment consists of mobile users with information
appliances (mobile devices) such as smart phones, cell
phones or Personal Digital Assistants (PDA) that will be
communicating and interacting with each other. Mobile
technologies are extensively involved in real life activities
and they allow users to have anytime, anywhere access to
information and applications[1,2].
Locations play a vital role in mobile applications to
provide the required details for users. For example, when a
mobile user wants to find a shopping mall, he is not
concerned with shopping mall that are far away from his Figure 1. User on Mobility
current location, rather he wants to choose one from several
shopping malls that are nearer to his current location. In this II. MOBILE DATA MANAGEMENT
case, the application should get the user’s current location
details for further processing.An essential part of location- Managing data in mobile environments is the most
based application is locating the user’s current location. significant issues in mobile applications. Mobile data
Global Positioning System (GPS) is a widely used management deals with both local and global data in turn
technology for this purpose. With the advances in GPS handling various activities such as data access, caching,
mechanisms, wireless technologies and the growing query processing, location addressing, replication etc [4].
popularity of mobile devices, the need for location-based Various aspects of managing data have been dealt by
services is gaining considerable attention[3]. researchers in different situations. Many have proposed
Finding the nearest resources from the current location aware mechanisms for exploiting data from the
location/area of a mobile user during his/her journey, will fixed locations to manage data for convenience [5]. Hae
be a challenging one if the traveling area is long. It is Don Chon, Divyakant Agrawal and Amr El Abbadi have
important to identify the resource (like fuel station) as near developed a location-based application, NAPA (Nearest
as possible to the needy people (mobile users) during their Available Parking Lot Application), that assists users to
journey (Figure 1). This would reduce the amount of find a nearest parking space on campus[6].
Lauri Aalto, Nicklas Gothlin, Jani Korhonen and Timo
Ojala have focused on delivering permission-based
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© 2010 ACEEE
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2. ACEEE Int. J. on Communication, Vol. 01, No. 03, Dec 2010
location-aware mobile advertisements to mobile phones Assuming that, a mobile user is traveling on a straight
using Bluetooth positioning and Wireless Application path at constant speed, the past and current locations of the
Protocol(WAP) Push[7]. J. Hwang, H. Kang, and K. Li mobile users obtained through GPS mechanism, and the
have proposed a similarity measure for spatio-temporal future location (xn+1,yn+1) can be predicted using the
trajectories of vehicles. Similar trajectories are required to following formulae:
traverse the same points of interest(POIs)[8]. Ebtisam Amar
and Selma Boumerdassi have proposed a location service Current and past positions are : (xn,yn) and (xn-1,yn-1).
called Predictive-Hierarchical Location Service (PHLS) that
uses a hierarchy of regions to achieve scalability, and Distance of traveling from past to current position
predicts the requested location by utilizing previous |pc| = √ ( xn - xn-1)2 + (yn - yn-1)2
location information[9]. Future position of xn+1 = xn + |pc| (1)
and yn+1 = yn + |pc|. (2)
A. Location Management
Fig. 2 represents the movement of the mobile users
Mobile devices, by their very nature, can be operated noticed at locations L1 and L2. The future location Lp can
from a dynamic location. Anytime–anywhere be calculated and the nearest available resources (based on
communication and transmission of data uplifts the that location) will be identified.
potentialities and advantages of mobile/wireless The methodology for finding the most appropriate
technologies. A location-aware or location-based service is location of the resource(s) is given in the following
highly significant in mobile environments which is driven procedure.
by location information.Location dependent data depends
on the geographical location. The answer to queries over Algorithm
location dependent data depends on the locations of the data
and the place of query initiated. Procedure getResource( )
III. LOCATION PREDICTIONS Begin
A number of methods for predicting locations have been Let L1,L2….Lp be locations.
discussed by many [10,11]. Most of the applications use the Let Li is the query initiated location.
mobile data, i.e. current location, for predicting the future //Traveler sends request to server
location for taking any decision. Let Lp is the calculated location
In this paper, the significance of the mobile data //Server calculates the future location of traveler
combined with the locations of resources kept in database is //and checks the locations of required Resources
discussed, where the minimum distant resource location is Let Resource_Location be the set of locations identified
to be identified. It should be noted that straightforward use closer to Lp.
of indexing is not feasible due to the continuous change of If more than one location exists with the required
the locations of the mobile users. resources then
Begin
A. Global Positioning System d = min { distance(Lp,Resource_Location) };
Let us consider the location data obtained from GPS i.e. Select the resource at distance d;
latitude and longitude values, the distance calculation will End;
be done between future location of mobile users and End.
resources. ________________________________________
IV. RESOURCE GEO-DATABASE
Here, the resources that are taken for consideration
specifically belong to the service centers such as ICICI
ATM, HP fuel stations, Shopping malls and star rated
restaurants. These details are stored in a database with their
location name, latitude and longitude values (Table1).
Figure 2. Mobile Users with Available Resources
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3. ACEEE Int. J. on Communication, Vol. 01, No. 03, Dec 2010
Table 1. Resource_Geo_Database
Latitude and Longitude SELECT Resources,Location,min(Diff)
Location
Name
Lat - ‘x2’ Long - ‘y2’ Resources FROM Resource_Geo_Database
value value WHERE Diff IN
Trichy 10.80834 78.70197 Fuel Station ( SELECT (sqrt(pow(x2-x1)+pow(y2-y1))) AS Diff
Fuel Station, FROM Resource_Geo_Database
Samayapura 10.92389 78.743553
Restaurant
WHERE Resources = ‘Restaurant’ )
Fuel Station,
Siruganoor 10.99889 78.793327
ATM center //‘Restaurant’: User data
Fuel Station, ATM
Perambalur 11.23611 78.86358 center, CONCLUSION
Shopping Mall
Viluppuram 11.95717 79.47946 Shopping Mall Providing information to the needy people who are
required the resources, during travel whose required
Tindivanam 12.53579 79.08817 ATM center resource(s) can be identified at the minimum distance is the
Chengalpet 12.70024 79.98234
Fuel Station, major concern of this work. The significance of mobile
Restaurant technologies with the help of mobile devices and the
ATM center, location data management are discussed in this paper. The
Tambaram 12.93152 80.1259 Shopping Mall
Restaurant mobile data supports to retrieve the location of nearest
resources in time and cost effective way.
Chennai 13.06397 80.24311 Fuel Station
Fuel Station,
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© 2010 ACEEE
DOI: 01.IJCOM.01.03.550