Darfur

The Situation in Darfur

At a glance ..

The Darfur Conflict
is an ongoing mob war or civil war centered on the Darfur region in the west of Sudan .

Darfur

It began in February 2003 during the civil war of the south of Sudan that is a home for the Muslim Arabs and the north of Sudan that is a home for Christian black people .

Muslim arabs Black Christians

Darfur which is a home for black Muslim people of several tripes is in the west of Sudan and wasn’t afflicted much by the civil war.

the main drivers to civil war were:
Ethnicity
Oil
Desertification
so are the main drives the the Darfur conflict .

Ethnicity : these are the rates of ethnicity in sudan ( it is not a matter of religion it is a matter of ethnics)

Oil : Basically the oil in Sudan is centered in the south (red area) but the north are mostly the people who see the profits that come from that oil due to the fact that they have the port of Sudan .

Desertification : With the Sahara Desert advancing more than 10km a year, competition is increased for the remaining fertile land.

In February 2003 the Sudan Liberation Movement/Army (SLM/A) and Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) groups in Darfur took up arms, accusing the Sudan's Arab-dominated government of oppressing or committing genocide against black Africans in favor of Arabs.
Genocides : are massacre killings .

The main combat is between:
the rebel groups, notably the SLM/A and the JEM, recruited primarily from Darfur.
the official Sudanese military and police, and the Janjaweed.

The Janjaweed
The word, an Arabic colloquialism, means "a man with a gun on a horse." Janjaweed militiamen are primarily members of nomadic "Arab" tribes who've long been at odds with Darfur's settled "African" farmers, who are darker-skinned.

Although the Sudanese government publicly denies that it supports the Janjaweed, it has been providing financial assistance and weapons to the militia and has been organizing joint attacks targeting civilians.

Moreover Human Rights First claimed that over 90% of the light weapons currently being imported by Sudan and used in the conflict are from China; however, according to Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI)'s "Arms Transfers Data for 2007", in 2003–2007, Sudan received 87 per cent of its major conventional weapons from Russia and 8 per cent from China.

Death Toll :
The ongoing conflict in western Sudan's Darfur region has since its outbreak in 2003 taken the toll of est. 200,000-400,000 lives (UN statistics), with more than 100,000 per year. Another 2,500,000 people have been forcefully displaced (forceful migration), 200,000 have migrated into the neighboring country of Chad. Over 400 villages were completely destroyed and approx. 100 were damaged.

UN actions
in March 2005, the Security Council formally addressed the situation in Darfur, in 2006-2007 Negotiations between the UN and the rebels take place. However, none are successful for a longer period of time.

Later in 2007-2008 After being charged of multiple crimes against humanity and genocide, President al-Bashir declares a general and immediate ceasefire as of 12.11. 2008. It is questionable what will be the effect of it on a long term run.

Al – Bashir in a UN session

The situation in Darfur is a forgotten issue by world while the world's most powerful countries have largely limited themselves in expressing concerns and demand for the United Nations to take action in solving the genocide in Darfur.

The UN, lacking both the funding and military support of the wealthy countries, has left the African Union to deploy a token force (AMIS) without a mandate to protect civilians. In the lack of foreign political will to address the political and economic structures that underlie the conflict, the international community has defined the Darfur conflict in humanitarian assistance terms and debated the label of "genocide."

Fact sheet about Sudan
Languages Arabic (official), English (official). More than 540 other languages including Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, Nilo-Hamitic, and Sudanic languages.

Literacy Definition: age 15 and over can read and write Total population: 61.1% Male: 71.8% Female: 50.5% (2003 estimate)

Age Structure : 0-14 years: 1.1% (male 8,451,576; female 8,093,609) 15-64 years: 56.4% (male 11,407,233; female 11,275,685) 65 years and over: 2.5% (male 518,822; female 471,530) (2008 estimate)
Median Age Total: 18.9 years Male: 18.7 years Female: 19.1 years (2008 estimate)

Population Growth Rate 2.134% (2008 estimate)
Birth Rate 34.31 births/1,000 population (2008 estimate)
Death Rate 13.64 deaths/1,000 population
Infant Mortality Rate (2008 estimate) Total: 86.98 deaths/1,000 live births Life Expectancy at Birth Total population: 50.28 years (2008 estimate)

Main Sources :
www.wikipidea.com
www.un.org
http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v = USLDoIiFzzg
http://new.gbgm-umc.org/umw/sudan/index.cfm?i =26935
http:// darfurstatistics.com /

‎ "Political language is designed to make lies sound truthful and murder respectable , and to give the appearance of solidity to pure wind “
- Gorge Orwell

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-Mahatma Ghandi

Made By
Shahd Hamouri
For comments : Shahd_hamouri@hotmail.com

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Darfur

by Shahd Hamouri

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