Heterosis, combining ability and per se performance of new hybrids of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) for kapas yield and its attributing characters.
1.To study the heterosisand combining ability of
new cotton hybrids in respect of seed cotton
yield and its attributing characters.
2.To study the type of gene action in the control
of above traits.
3. To study the association, direct and indirect
effects of component characters on kapas
yield .
Similar to Heterosis, combining ability and per se performance of new hybrids of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) for kapas yield and its attributing characters.
Dr. Steve Pollmann - Sow lifetime productivity: Importance of monitoring in c...John Blue
Similar to Heterosis, combining ability and per se performance of new hybrids of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) for kapas yield and its attributing characters. (20)
Heterosis, combining ability and per se performance of new hybrids of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) for kapas yield and its attributing characters.
1.
2. Heterosis, combining ability and per se performance
of new hybrids of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
for kapas yield and its attributing characters.
Chair person
Dr .M.R.Gururaja Rao
.
Yanal Alkuddsi
PAK 7207
Dept of Genetics & plant
Breeding
4. Family: Malvaceae
Tribe: Gossypia
Genus: Gossipium
FLORAL BIOLOGY IN COTTON
1. Varies from species to species
2. Calyx –5.
3. Petals-5.
4. Stamens numerous.
Four cultivated species
1- G. hirsutum
2- G . arboreum
3- G . barbadense
4- G . herbaseum
5. 1.To study the heterosis and combining ability of
new cotton hybrids in respect of seed cotton
yield and its attributing characters.
2.To study the type of gene action in the control
of above traits.
3. To study the association, direct and indirect
effects of component characters on kapas
yield .
7. The experimental material used in the present study comprised of
fourty eight experimental hybrids of cotton (G. hirsutum.L.) received
from Sr. Cotton Breeder, ARS, Hebballi farm, Dharwad along with
three released hybrid as checks .
Experimental material
These hybrids were produced by crossing six female lines with
eight male testers.
The present investigation in cotton was taken up during kharif
2008 at Agricultural Research Station, Bavikere, UAS.
Experimental Design & Layout
9. Sl. No Checks
1 BUNNY BT/143/221
2 RCH2 BT/109/240
3 RAHH 95/126/208
List of cotton checks involved in the study :
10. Modified Line × tester
Arunachalam and Bandyopadhyay (1979)
Hybrids +Checks– randomization
RCBD with 2 replications
11. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
1. Analysis of variance - ( Panse and Sukhatme, 1967)
2. ANOVA for combining ability analysis - ( Kempthrome, 1957)
3. Estimation of variances - (Singh and Chowdhary ,1985)
4. Estimation of combining ability effects - (Kempthrome, 1957)
5. Overall status of a parent and cross with respect to gca and sca
- Arunachalam and Bandyopadhyay (1979) concept that was slightly modified
by Mohan Rao (2001).
6. Estimation of heterosis - Turner (1953) and Hayes et al. (1955)
7. Test of significance for heterosis - Arunachalam (1976)
8. verall status of a parent and cross with respect to gca and sca and
heterosis Arunachalam and Bandyopadhyay (1979) concept that was
slightly modified by Mohan Rao (2001).
12. Observations Recorded
•Days to 50% flowering
•Plant height (cm)
•Monopodial branches/plant
•Sympodial branches /plant.
•Bolls/plant.
•Mean boll weight (g).
•Seed cotton yield/plant (g).
•Seed index (g).
•Ginning percentage(%).
•Lint index .
27. Mean sum of squares
Source of
Variation
df Days to
50%
flowering
Plant
height (cm)
Bolls per
plant
Mean
boll
weight
(g)
Kapas yield
(g/plant)
Ginning
per cent
Seed
index (g)
Lint
index
Monopodia Sympodia
Per plant Per plant
Replication 1 33.84** 148.00** 0.72 0.22 29.04** 0.22 7.96** 0.008 1.76 0.57
Cross 47 5.47** 311.77** 0.16 17.15** 61.15** 0.23 762.36** 18.69** 1.2 1.60**
Lines(c) 5 6.71** 878.26** 0.23 81.10** 252.09** 0.78 1348.67** 50.28** 5.97** 7.22**
Testers(c) 7 14.02** 377.85** 0.14 13.94** 47.30** 0.36 739.63** 44.19** 1.64 2.89**
L × T ( c) 35 3.59** 217.63** 0.15 8.66** 36.64** 0.12 683.14** 9.08** 0.43 0.54
Error 47 5.14 192 0.1 10.23 11.89 0.14 150.65 11.99 1.07 1.15
Total 95 - - - - - - - - - -
* Significant at P = 0.05 **Significant at P = 0.01
Table 15. Combining ability analysis of variance as per Kempthorne (1957) in respect of kapas yield and its
attributing characters of cotton hybrids [G .hirsutum L.]
28. Character
Variance due
to GCA
Variance due
to SCA
GCA:SCA
ratio
VA VD
1. Days to 50% flowering 0.04 1.27 1:31.75 0.09 0.77
2. Plant height (cm) 2.24 139.12 1:62.10 4.49 12.81
3 Monopodia per plant 0.0002 0.03 1:150.00 0.0004 0.02
4. Sympodia per plant 0.20 11.22 1:56.10 0.40 0.78
5. Bolls per plant 0.58 47.33 1:81.60 1.17 12.37
6. Mean boll weight (g) 0.0026 0.12 1:46.15 0.005 0.01
7. Kapas yield (g /plant) 1.89 377.75 1:199.86 3.78 266.24
8. Ginning per cent (%) 0.22 10.19 1:46.31 0.45 1.45
9. Seed index (g) 0.01 0.72 1:72 0.03 0.31
10. Lint index 0.02 1.08 1:54 0.05 0.30
Table 16. Variance due to general and specific combining ability for kapas yield and its attributing
characters of cotton hybrids [G .hirsutum L.
32. Lines Across traits Overall Status
1 47 H
2 48 H
3 35 L
4 17 L
5 37 L
6 47 H
Final Mean = 38.5
Testers Across traits Overall Status
1 60 H
2 46 L
3 58.5 H
4 59.5 H
5 34 L
6 51.5 H
7 46.5 L
8 40 L
Final Mean=49.5
Table 19. Overall general combining ability status of parents in Cotton hybrids
H= High gca status L = Low gca status
33. Lines
Testers
1
(H)
2
(H)
3
(L)
Total
Score
Overall
Status
Total
Score
Overall
Status
Total
Score
Overall
Status
1 (H) 277 H 328.5 H 222 L
2 (L) 278.5 H 366 H 253.5 L
3 (H) 303.5 H 177 L 273 H
4 (H) 363 H 171 L 278.5 H
5 (L) 305.5 H 310 H 257 L
6 (H) 233 L 184.5 L 251 L
7 (L) 153.5 L 349.5 H 247.5 L
8 (L) 261 L 226.5 L 343 H
Lines
Testers
4
(L)
5
(L)
6
(H)
Total
Score
Overall
Status
Total
Score
Overall
Status
Total
Score
Overall
Status
1 (H) 451.5 H 130 L 194 L
2 (L) 305 H 210.5 L 228.5 L
3 (H) 290 H 244.5 L 332.5 H
4 (H) 161.5 L 411 H 238 L
5 (L) 231 L 292.5 H 182.5 L
6 (H) 261.5 L 328 H 413.5 H
7 (L) 115.5 L 365.5 H 373.5 H
8 (L) 292.5 H 258 L 201 L
Final Mean =269.281
Table 20. Overall specific combining ability status of Cotton hybrids
(H) = High gca status H = High sca status
(L) = Low gca status L = Low sca status
34. Characters
Contribution of
Lines Testers
Line x Tester
Interaction
1. Days to 50% flowering 13.05 38.13 48.82
2. Plant height (cm) 29.97 18.05 51.98
3. Monopodia per plant 15.65 13.88 70.47
4. Sympodia per plant 50.28 12.10 37.62
5. Bolls per plant 43.85 11.52 44.62
6. Mean boll weight (g) 36.36 23.88 39.76
7. Kapas yield (g/plant) 18.82 14.45 66.73
8. Ginning per cent 28.61 35.20 36.19
9. Seed index (g) 52.64 20.26 27.09
10. Lint index 47.88 26.86 25.26
Table 21. Proportional contribution of lines, testers and their interactions to the total variance in Cotton
(G. hirsutum L.)
35. 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Lines
Testers
Line x Tester
Interaction
Characters
Contribution
percent
Figure2. Proportional contribution of lines, testers and their interactions to the variance in hybrids of Cotton (G. hirsutum
L.)
1. Days to 50 % flowering 6. Mean boll weight
2. Plnt height ( cm) 7.Kapas yield per plant (g / plant)
3. Monopodia per plant 8. Ginning per cent
4. Sympodia per plant 9. Seed index (g)
5. Bolls per plant 10. Lint index
36. characters X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9 X10
X1 0.312* 0.621** -0.255 -0.498** 0.195 -0.808** 0.214 -0.254 0.359**
X2 1.000 0.389** 0.887** 0.342* -0.071 -0.322* -0.658** -0.474** 0.443**
X3 1.000 -0.082 -0.041 0.540** 0.011 0.246 -0.063 0.254
X4 1.000 0.125 -0.529** -0.231 -0.401** -0.201 0.005
X5 1.000 -0.305* -0.142 -0.081 -0.644** 0.590**
X6 1.000 0.454** 0.126 0.261 0.422**
X7 1.000 0.387** 0.073 0.379**
X8 1.000 0.647** -0.352*
X9 1.000 -0.115
Table 22.Genotypic correlation coefficients among kapas yield and its attributing characters in cotton hybrids
(G. hirsutum L.)
* Significant at P = 0.05 ** Significant at P = 0.01
x1. Days to 50 % flowering x6. Mean boll weight ( g )
x2. Plnt height ( cm) x7. Ginning per cent
x3. Monopodia per plant x8. Seed index ( g)
x4. Sympodia per plant x9. Lint index
x5. Bolls per plant x10. Kapas yield ( g/plant)
37. Characters X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9 X10
X1 -0.049 0.013 -0.051 -0.076 -0.021 0.194 0.066 0.227 0.019
X2 1.000 0.140 0.649** 0.130 0.098 -0.156 -0.002 -0.112 0.224
X3 1.000 -0.086 0.164 0.281* 0.120 -0.033 0.063 0.228
X4 1.000 0.127 0.018 -0.034 -0.056 -0.001 0.104
X5 1.000 -0.167 0.042 -0.335* -0.205 0.624**
X6 1.000 0.313* 0.529** 0.492** 0.327*
X7 1.000 0.107 0.731** 0.132
X8 1.000 0.623** -0.028
X9 1.000 0.006
Table 24. Phenotypic correlation coefficients among kapas yield and its attributing characters in cotton hybrids (G.
hirsutum L.)
Significant at P = 0.05 ** Significant at P = 0.01
x1. Days to 50 % flowering x6. Mean boll weight ( g )
x2. Plnt height ( cm) x7. Ginning per cent
x3. Monopodia per plant x8. Seed index ( g)
x4. Sympodia per plant x9. Lint index
x5. Bolls per plant x10. Kapas yield ( g/plant)
38. Characters X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 X8 X9
‘r ‘
with
kapas
yield
x1 -0.176 -0.140 0.384 -0.054 0.084 0.062 0.625 -0.199 -0.227 0.358**
x2 -0.054 -0.451 0.240 0.189 -0.058 -0.022 0.071 0.614 -0.086 0.442**
x3 -0.109 -0.175 0.619 -0.017 0.006 0.173 -0.002 -0.229 -0.011 0.253
x4 0.045 -0.400 -0.050 0.213 -0.021 -0.170 0.051 0.374 -0.036 0.004
x5 0.087 -0.154 -0.025 0.026 -0.169 -0.098 0.031 1.008 -0.116 0.590**
x6 -0.034 0.031 0.334 -0.112 0.051 0.321 -0.101 -0.117 0.047 0.421**
x7 0.495 0.145 0.006 -0.049 0.024 0.145 -0.222 -0.361 0.194 0.379**
x8 -0.037 0.297 0.152 -0.085 0.183 0.040 -0.086 -0.933 0.117 -0.351*
x9 0.221 0.213 -0.039 -0.042 0.109 0.083 -0.239 -0.603 0.181 -0.114
Residual Effect = 0.919892 * Significant at P = 0.05 ** Significant at P = 0.01
x1. Days to 50 % flowering x6. Mean boll weight ( g )
x2. Plnt height ( cm) x7. Ginning per cent
x3. Monopodia per plant x8. Seed index ( g)
x4. Sympodia per plant x9. Lint index
x5. Bolls per plant
Table 25. Path analysis indicating direct and indirect effects of component characters on kapas yield in cotton hybrids
(G. hirsutum L.)
39. Sl. No. Characters High heterosis High sca effect
1 Days to 50 % flowering 138 138
2 Plant height 132 132
3 Monopodia per plant 134 134
4 Sympodia per plant 145 145
5 Bolls per plant 133 106
6 Mean boll weight 137 137
7 Ginning per cent 131 108
8 Seed index 140 146
9 Lint index 140 140
Table 26 High kapas yield hybrids and their important contributing characters in
cotton
40. Sl.
No.
Hybrid Contributing Characters
1 133
kapas yield per plant, sympodia per plant,
bolls per plant, ginning per cent
2 134 kapas yield per plant, monopodia per plant
Table 27. Dual purpose cotton hybrids identified from the study
and their characters
49. Future line of work
1- The performance of two top hybrids viz., 133, 134
in respect of kapas yield needs to be verified
performance on large scale basis.
2- The results implies that one line and four testers
studied were high combiners across all the traits,
indicating their ability in transmitting additive genes
in the desirable direction to their progenies. Further,
these lines and testers can be tested for the
confirmation of their superiority as good parents for
hybridization