SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 23
Guerilla Marketing of
Enterprise Architecture
    Management
                                         Christian Kählig
 christian.kaehlig@ideasenabled.com | t: @ideasenabled | f: facebook.com/ideasenabled | http://www.ideasenabled.com
My context

              Innovation Management                              Management Consulting                    IT Strategy & Architecture


                        7y Consulting                                     2y Startups                          6y Corporation




                     Business and Computer Science                                                Executive MBA in Innovation
Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.   Image sources: see last slide.                                    2
Initial situation in 2008 –
     Lack of transparency




Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.   Image source: see last slide.   3
Demand everywhere
                                                                                             How big is the
         Which applications are                                                              consolidation
        realized and operated in-                                                               potential
        house by KDG, which are                       Providence                             in our current
               outsourced?                                                               infrastructure stack?             Line of            Corp. Risk &
                                                                          CIO / CTO                                       Business            Compliance
                                                                                                                           Owner
    Management
                                                                                                                                              How about data
                                                                                                                                              ownership and
                                                   We need an overview on                                                         Billing &     retention?
                                          IT Development
   Which of our current                             all SOX
                                           Management
                                                           relatedOperations
                                                                 IT
                                                                    changes
                                                                 Management
                                                                                        IT Architecture
                                                                                         Management                               Revenue
  business processes have                           in the IT Applications                                                       Assurance
 automatisation potential?                                Portfolio?                                      IT Risk, Security                         Which
                                                                                                           & Compliance                          applications
     Planning                                                                                                                                    are involved
                                              Enterprise             Project Manager   Business                                                  in our billing
                                                                                                                           Could you
                                              Architect                                Analyst                                                      process
                                                                                                                         please provide
                                                                                                                                                    chain?
                                                                                                                            us with a
                                                                                                                         customer data
                                                                                                                           flow plan?
     Execution                   Which of the current       Infrastructure  Application Architecture
                                           Application
                               interfaces canOwner
                                              we retire Operations & Support & Development
                                  when NGBS is live?
                                                                                        We need a list with all
                                                       IT / CTO / TO                 interfaces from/to Delphi?                      BUSINESS
Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.                                                                                                4
Ambitious roadmap



                                 Proof-of-concept                    Launch PRIMA 1.0        PRIMA 2.0




                                        2008/12                          2009/05              2012/01



                                                                           Focus of this presentation




Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.                                       5
Marketing challenges
     everywhere


          Launch PRIMA 1.0                                                                   PRIMA 2.0




                   2009/05                                                                    2012/01

               Fundraising                    Value proposition mismatch            Continuous Awareness

                     Commitment                          Conflicting priorities   Mass acceptance




Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.                                         6
Fundraising – The story
     of the little flags




Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.   Video source and copyright: Sparkasse – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0XHkWk7G0E8   7
Objectives – Realistic
     and appealing




  Promised
  answers                                                            Tangible
                                                                     Results
  Reduced
  scope




Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.              8
Iterative approach –
     Early results delivery


                                                                     One
Promised                                                             method
results                                                              Iteration
tailored to                                                          –
two visible                                                          buffer
iterations                                                           for
                                                                     content
                                                                     updates




Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.               9
Effective marketing building blocks
     Overview




                   Education                                         Motivation      Usability
                      Methodology                                                    Reduced and
                                                                      Gamification
                      trainings                                                      simplified

                      Practitioner                                    Target
                                                                                     Job-tailored
                      workshops                                       agreements




Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.                                  10
Effective marketing building blocks
      Foundation setting


 Methodology guide

                                                              Data entry guide

                                                                                 Wiki knowledge base




                      Do it yourself. Try to avoid external consultants to increase authenticity.
Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.                                     11
Effective marketing building blocks
     Practical teamwork




                Connect people from different organizations. Focus on practical hands-on work.
Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.                               12
Effective marketing building blocks
     Friendly competition




Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.   13
Effective marketing building blocks
     Progression dynamics




Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.   14
Effective marketing building blocks
     Meaningful price




                                                                     representative

                                                                     useful

                                                                     day-to-day

                                                                     branded




Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.                    15
Effective marketing building blocks
     Goal alignment




Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.   16
Effective marketing building blocks
     Barriers reduction




Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.   17
Effective marketing building blocks
     Job-related entry pages




Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.   18
Achievements
     Dashboard



                User growth                                             Data growth                Key results

        05/2009                   12/2009                            05/2009          12/2009   05/2009      12/2009
                         1000                                                  100%
                                                                                                 2 key project supports:
                                                                                                 NGBS, VOD
                                                                                                 198 applications
                                      402                                              45%       (active & planned)

                                                                      20%                        395 components
             38                                                                                  335 services


          Increased 10-fold                                           Increased 125%              Operative wins



Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.                                                         19
Bonus material
     Not so successful initiatives




Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.   20
Key takeaways

 General                 Set ambitious, but realistic goals. Strive for promoters outside IT to increase external pressures.
 approach                Work in iterations and increments. Think about a final iteration that focuses on methods only.
                         Leave buffer for refinements.

 Marketing               After fundraising and initial management commitment, ensure frequent communication.
                         Counter typical marketing challenges like value proposition mismatch, conflicting priorities,
                         mass acceptance and continuous awareness with appropriate measures:
                           Education            Establish methodology trainings early up-front. Conduct separate practitioner
                                                workshops. Host the sessions yourself ideally – people appreciate it.

                           Motivation           Think about gamification. Use progression dynamics and a friendly competition
                                                to boost your efforts in a positive way. Offer a meaningful team price, but award
                                                all at the end. Use binding target agreements on top if necessary.

                           Usability            Keep things as simple as possible and build on things step by step to reduce
                                                usage barriers. Create job-related entry pages and data entry wizards. Provide a
                                                wiki knowledge base, manuals, videos, etc. to alleviate the learning curve.

Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.                                                                  21
Accelerated innovation development



        Christian Kählig
christian.kaehlig@ideasenabled.com
     de.linkedin.com/in/ckaehlig
           t: @ideasenabled
   f: facebook.com/ideasenabled
       www.ideasenabled.com
Sources

                           H. Koppdelaney http://www.flickr.com/photos/h-
                           k-d/6307059684/sizes/l/in/photostream/

                           Handspring.com.au -
                           http://handspring.com.au/wp-
                           content/uploads/2010/10/puzzle.jpg
                           Sparkasse –
                           http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0XHkWk7G0E8




Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved.          23

More Related Content

What's hot

Business Governance Of Enterprise It
Business Governance Of Enterprise ItBusiness Governance Of Enterprise It
Business Governance Of Enterprise Itjponnoly
 
Mckinsey Redesenhando TI
Mckinsey Redesenhando TIMckinsey Redesenhando TI
Mckinsey Redesenhando TIzeusi9iuto
 
SAP REAL ESTATE
SAP REAL ESTATESAP REAL ESTATE
SAP REAL ESTATEeFM srl
 
IT governance and post merger management
IT governance and post merger managementIT governance and post merger management
IT governance and post merger managementMatt Schofield
 
Intelligent Sales & Risk Performance Management Cognos Pb Map Info2008
Intelligent Sales & Risk Performance Management Cognos Pb Map Info2008Intelligent Sales & Risk Performance Management Cognos Pb Map Info2008
Intelligent Sales & Risk Performance Management Cognos Pb Map Info2008Friedel Jonker
 
Utf8''it organizational planning report
Utf8''it organizational planning reportUtf8''it organizational planning report
Utf8''it organizational planning reportAbuallia
 
Agile BI : meeting the best of both worlds from departmental and enterprise BI
Agile BI : meeting the best of both worlds from departmental and enterprise BIAgile BI : meeting the best of both worlds from departmental and enterprise BI
Agile BI : meeting the best of both worlds from departmental and enterprise BIJean-Michel Franco
 
T-Systems Core Belief Collaboration - Portfolio
T-Systems Core Belief Collaboration - PortfolioT-Systems Core Belief Collaboration - Portfolio
T-Systems Core Belief Collaboration - PortfolioManuela Vrbat
 
Otm 2013 c13_e-17b-andriesse-lourens-otm-data-management
Otm 2013 c13_e-17b-andriesse-lourens-otm-data-managementOtm 2013 c13_e-17b-andriesse-lourens-otm-data-management
Otm 2013 c13_e-17b-andriesse-lourens-otm-data-managementjucaab
 
PCTY 2012, IBM Smarter Buildings v. Claire Penny
PCTY 2012, IBM Smarter Buildings v. Claire PennyPCTY 2012, IBM Smarter Buildings v. Claire Penny
PCTY 2012, IBM Smarter Buildings v. Claire PennyIBM Danmark
 
Cloud panorama évolution des solutions d'infrastructure
Cloud   panorama évolution des solutions d'infrastructureCloud   panorama évolution des solutions d'infrastructure
Cloud panorama évolution des solutions d'infrastructureClaude Riousset
 
Bull vision VA
Bull vision VABull vision VA
Bull vision VABull
 
PCTY 2012 keynote præsentation
PCTY 2012 keynote præsentationPCTY 2012 keynote præsentation
PCTY 2012 keynote præsentationIBM Danmark
 
IT Governance Overview
IT Governance OverviewIT Governance Overview
IT Governance OverviewJim Sutter
 
Business-IT alignment from a value-based perspective
Business-IT alignment from a value-based perspectiveBusiness-IT alignment from a value-based perspective
Business-IT alignment from a value-based perspectivePascal van Eck
 
PCTY 2012, Smarter Physical Infrastructure Strategy v. Jens Cajus
PCTY 2012, Smarter Physical Infrastructure Strategy v. Jens CajusPCTY 2012, Smarter Physical Infrastructure Strategy v. Jens Cajus
PCTY 2012, Smarter Physical Infrastructure Strategy v. Jens CajusIBM Danmark
 
Managing the Data Center with JBoss SOA-P
Managing the Data Center with JBoss SOA-PManaging the Data Center with JBoss SOA-P
Managing the Data Center with JBoss SOA-PColloquium
 

What's hot (20)

Business Governance Of Enterprise It
Business Governance Of Enterprise ItBusiness Governance Of Enterprise It
Business Governance Of Enterprise It
 
Mckinsey Redesenhando TI
Mckinsey Redesenhando TIMckinsey Redesenhando TI
Mckinsey Redesenhando TI
 
SAP REAL ESTATE
SAP REAL ESTATESAP REAL ESTATE
SAP REAL ESTATE
 
IT governance and post merger management
IT governance and post merger managementIT governance and post merger management
IT governance and post merger management
 
Rawat Ibm Compliance Webinar
Rawat Ibm Compliance WebinarRawat Ibm Compliance Webinar
Rawat Ibm Compliance Webinar
 
Intelligent Sales & Risk Performance Management Cognos Pb Map Info2008
Intelligent Sales & Risk Performance Management Cognos Pb Map Info2008Intelligent Sales & Risk Performance Management Cognos Pb Map Info2008
Intelligent Sales & Risk Performance Management Cognos Pb Map Info2008
 
Utf8''it organizational planning report
Utf8''it organizational planning reportUtf8''it organizational planning report
Utf8''it organizational planning report
 
Agile BI : meeting the best of both worlds from departmental and enterprise BI
Agile BI : meeting the best of both worlds from departmental and enterprise BIAgile BI : meeting the best of both worlds from departmental and enterprise BI
Agile BI : meeting the best of both worlds from departmental and enterprise BI
 
Military Critical Infrastructure: GeoReadiness
Military Critical Infrastructure: GeoReadinessMilitary Critical Infrastructure: GeoReadiness
Military Critical Infrastructure: GeoReadiness
 
T-Systems Core Belief Collaboration - Portfolio
T-Systems Core Belief Collaboration - PortfolioT-Systems Core Belief Collaboration - Portfolio
T-Systems Core Belief Collaboration - Portfolio
 
Otm 2013 c13_e-17b-andriesse-lourens-otm-data-management
Otm 2013 c13_e-17b-andriesse-lourens-otm-data-managementOtm 2013 c13_e-17b-andriesse-lourens-otm-data-management
Otm 2013 c13_e-17b-andriesse-lourens-otm-data-management
 
Why modeling matters ?
Why modeling matters ?Why modeling matters ?
Why modeling matters ?
 
PCTY 2012, IBM Smarter Buildings v. Claire Penny
PCTY 2012, IBM Smarter Buildings v. Claire PennyPCTY 2012, IBM Smarter Buildings v. Claire Penny
PCTY 2012, IBM Smarter Buildings v. Claire Penny
 
Cloud panorama évolution des solutions d'infrastructure
Cloud   panorama évolution des solutions d'infrastructureCloud   panorama évolution des solutions d'infrastructure
Cloud panorama évolution des solutions d'infrastructure
 
Bull vision VA
Bull vision VABull vision VA
Bull vision VA
 
PCTY 2012 keynote præsentation
PCTY 2012 keynote præsentationPCTY 2012 keynote præsentation
PCTY 2012 keynote præsentation
 
IT Governance Overview
IT Governance OverviewIT Governance Overview
IT Governance Overview
 
Business-IT alignment from a value-based perspective
Business-IT alignment from a value-based perspectiveBusiness-IT alignment from a value-based perspective
Business-IT alignment from a value-based perspective
 
PCTY 2012, Smarter Physical Infrastructure Strategy v. Jens Cajus
PCTY 2012, Smarter Physical Infrastructure Strategy v. Jens CajusPCTY 2012, Smarter Physical Infrastructure Strategy v. Jens Cajus
PCTY 2012, Smarter Physical Infrastructure Strategy v. Jens Cajus
 
Managing the Data Center with JBoss SOA-P
Managing the Data Center with JBoss SOA-PManaging the Data Center with JBoss SOA-P
Managing the Data Center with JBoss SOA-P
 

Viewers also liked

Resource Management Software - An Innovative Approach
Resource Management Software - An Innovative ApproachResource Management Software - An Innovative Approach
Resource Management Software - An Innovative ApproachEnbraun
 
enterprise_architecture_as_a_tool_of_digital_state_transformation_-_m._bukows...
enterprise_architecture_as_a_tool_of_digital_state_transformation_-_m._bukows...enterprise_architecture_as_a_tool_of_digital_state_transformation_-_m._bukows...
enterprise_architecture_as_a_tool_of_digital_state_transformation_-_m._bukows...Michal Bukowski, MBA, P2P
 
Restarting enterprise architecture in the age of digital transformation
Restarting enterprise architecture in the age of digital transformationRestarting enterprise architecture in the age of digital transformation
Restarting enterprise architecture in the age of digital transformationJason Bloomberg
 
Rethink! How Digital Transformation disrupts Enterprise Architecture
Rethink! How Digital Transformation disrupts Enterprise ArchitectureRethink! How Digital Transformation disrupts Enterprise Architecture
Rethink! How Digital Transformation disrupts Enterprise ArchitectureLeanIX GmbH
 
Digital Transformation, Enterprise Architecture, Big Data by Danairat
Digital Transformation, Enterprise Architecture, Big Data by DanairatDigital Transformation, Enterprise Architecture, Big Data by Danairat
Digital Transformation, Enterprise Architecture, Big Data by DanairatDanairat Thanabodithammachari
 
Leading Business Disruption Strategy with EA - Hugh Evans
Leading Business Disruption Strategy with EA - Hugh EvansLeading Business Disruption Strategy with EA - Hugh Evans
Leading Business Disruption Strategy with EA - Hugh EvansCraig Martin
 
Digital transformation: New purpose for enterprise architecture
Digital transformation: New purpose for enterprise architectureDigital transformation: New purpose for enterprise architecture
Digital transformation: New purpose for enterprise architectureJason Bloomberg
 
Digital Transformation And Enterprise Architecture
Digital Transformation And Enterprise ArchitectureDigital Transformation And Enterprise Architecture
Digital Transformation And Enterprise ArchitectureAlan McSweeney
 

Viewers also liked (9)

Why Digital Enterprise by Panso Solutions
Why Digital Enterprise by Panso SolutionsWhy Digital Enterprise by Panso Solutions
Why Digital Enterprise by Panso Solutions
 
Resource Management Software - An Innovative Approach
Resource Management Software - An Innovative ApproachResource Management Software - An Innovative Approach
Resource Management Software - An Innovative Approach
 
enterprise_architecture_as_a_tool_of_digital_state_transformation_-_m._bukows...
enterprise_architecture_as_a_tool_of_digital_state_transformation_-_m._bukows...enterprise_architecture_as_a_tool_of_digital_state_transformation_-_m._bukows...
enterprise_architecture_as_a_tool_of_digital_state_transformation_-_m._bukows...
 
Restarting enterprise architecture in the age of digital transformation
Restarting enterprise architecture in the age of digital transformationRestarting enterprise architecture in the age of digital transformation
Restarting enterprise architecture in the age of digital transformation
 
Rethink! How Digital Transformation disrupts Enterprise Architecture
Rethink! How Digital Transformation disrupts Enterprise ArchitectureRethink! How Digital Transformation disrupts Enterprise Architecture
Rethink! How Digital Transformation disrupts Enterprise Architecture
 
Digital Transformation, Enterprise Architecture, Big Data by Danairat
Digital Transformation, Enterprise Architecture, Big Data by DanairatDigital Transformation, Enterprise Architecture, Big Data by Danairat
Digital Transformation, Enterprise Architecture, Big Data by Danairat
 
Leading Business Disruption Strategy with EA - Hugh Evans
Leading Business Disruption Strategy with EA - Hugh EvansLeading Business Disruption Strategy with EA - Hugh Evans
Leading Business Disruption Strategy with EA - Hugh Evans
 
Digital transformation: New purpose for enterprise architecture
Digital transformation: New purpose for enterprise architectureDigital transformation: New purpose for enterprise architecture
Digital transformation: New purpose for enterprise architecture
 
Digital Transformation And Enterprise Architecture
Digital Transformation And Enterprise ArchitectureDigital Transformation And Enterprise Architecture
Digital Transformation And Enterprise Architecture
 

Similar to Guerilla Marketing of Enterprise Architecture Management

Complimentary report on the current needs of CIOs
Complimentary report on the current needs of CIOs Complimentary report on the current needs of CIOs
Complimentary report on the current needs of CIOs BMAJCHER
 
Att consulting external deck
Att consulting external deckAtt consulting external deck
Att consulting external deckEric Sineath
 
Service Oriented Enterprise Architecture
Service Oriented Enterprise ArchitectureService Oriented Enterprise Architecture
Service Oriented Enterprise ArchitectureYan Zhao
 
IT Cost Reduction Overview
IT Cost Reduction OverviewIT Cost Reduction Overview
IT Cost Reduction OverviewMark Peacock
 
Tml Deployment Strategy Overview V 1
Tml Deployment Strategy Overview V 1Tml Deployment Strategy Overview V 1
Tml Deployment Strategy Overview V 1Sukumar Daniel
 
Itac benoit long deck final eng - feb 12 2013
Itac benoit long deck   final eng - feb 12 2013Itac benoit long deck   final eng - feb 12 2013
Itac benoit long deck final eng - feb 12 2013KBIZEAU
 
HP Software - The Bto Solution
HP Software - The Bto SolutionHP Software - The Bto Solution
HP Software - The Bto SolutionHPDutchWorld
 
Enterprise Architecture J.P Morgan Chase
Enterprise Architecture J.P Morgan ChaseEnterprise Architecture J.P Morgan Chase
Enterprise Architecture J.P Morgan ChaseHampus Ahlqvist
 
Getronics - Governance and the Cloud
Getronics - Governance and the CloudGetronics - Governance and the Cloud
Getronics - Governance and the CloudMaurice Remmé
 
Creating A Necessary Dependence - IT Business Alignment
Creating A Necessary Dependence - IT Business AlignmentCreating A Necessary Dependence - IT Business Alignment
Creating A Necessary Dependence - IT Business Alignmentgmwhitfield
 
DHL Logistics - Enterprise Architecture
DHL Logistics - Enterprise ArchitectureDHL Logistics - Enterprise Architecture
DHL Logistics - Enterprise ArchitectureHarry Strover
 
Architecture Driven IT Modernization & Migration roadmap
Architecture Driven IT Modernization & Migration roadmapArchitecture Driven IT Modernization & Migration roadmap
Architecture Driven IT Modernization & Migration roadmapiCMG International
 
Business.Process.Alignment
Business.Process.AlignmentBusiness.Process.Alignment
Business.Process.AlignmentDjadja Sardjana
 
Bobby.german
Bobby.germanBobby.german
Bobby.germanNASAPMC
 
Enterprise Analysts And Business Analysts Companions Or Competitors
Enterprise Analysts And Business Analysts   Companions Or CompetitorsEnterprise Analysts And Business Analysts   Companions Or Competitors
Enterprise Analysts And Business Analysts Companions Or CompetitorsMia Horrigan
 
Running IT as a business
Running IT as a businessRunning IT as a business
Running IT as a businessLluis Altes
 
Taklimat bengkel isp mampu intan v1.2
Taklimat bengkel isp mampu intan v1.2Taklimat bengkel isp mampu intan v1.2
Taklimat bengkel isp mampu intan v1.2ISP Sektor Awam
 
Emerging Trends in IT & Enterprise architecture
Emerging Trends in IT & Enterprise architectureEmerging Trends in IT & Enterprise architecture
Emerging Trends in IT & Enterprise architectureiCMG International
 

Similar to Guerilla Marketing of Enterprise Architecture Management (20)

IS Unified "Digital Enterprise Management System" (ERP for IT, ITIL, CMMI,PMI...
IS Unified "Digital Enterprise Management System" (ERP for IT, ITIL, CMMI,PMI...IS Unified "Digital Enterprise Management System" (ERP for IT, ITIL, CMMI,PMI...
IS Unified "Digital Enterprise Management System" (ERP for IT, ITIL, CMMI,PMI...
 
Complimentary report on the current needs of CIOs
Complimentary report on the current needs of CIOs Complimentary report on the current needs of CIOs
Complimentary report on the current needs of CIOs
 
Att consulting external deck
Att consulting external deckAtt consulting external deck
Att consulting external deck
 
Service Oriented Enterprise Architecture
Service Oriented Enterprise ArchitectureService Oriented Enterprise Architecture
Service Oriented Enterprise Architecture
 
IT Cost Reduction Overview
IT Cost Reduction OverviewIT Cost Reduction Overview
IT Cost Reduction Overview
 
Tml Deployment Strategy Overview V 1
Tml Deployment Strategy Overview V 1Tml Deployment Strategy Overview V 1
Tml Deployment Strategy Overview V 1
 
Itac benoit long deck final eng - feb 12 2013
Itac benoit long deck   final eng - feb 12 2013Itac benoit long deck   final eng - feb 12 2013
Itac benoit long deck final eng - feb 12 2013
 
HP Software - The Bto Solution
HP Software - The Bto SolutionHP Software - The Bto Solution
HP Software - The Bto Solution
 
Karen davie scott presentation
Karen davie scott   presentationKaren davie scott   presentation
Karen davie scott presentation
 
Enterprise Architecture J.P Morgan Chase
Enterprise Architecture J.P Morgan ChaseEnterprise Architecture J.P Morgan Chase
Enterprise Architecture J.P Morgan Chase
 
Getronics - Governance and the Cloud
Getronics - Governance and the CloudGetronics - Governance and the Cloud
Getronics - Governance and the Cloud
 
Creating A Necessary Dependence - IT Business Alignment
Creating A Necessary Dependence - IT Business AlignmentCreating A Necessary Dependence - IT Business Alignment
Creating A Necessary Dependence - IT Business Alignment
 
DHL Logistics - Enterprise Architecture
DHL Logistics - Enterprise ArchitectureDHL Logistics - Enterprise Architecture
DHL Logistics - Enterprise Architecture
 
Architecture Driven IT Modernization & Migration roadmap
Architecture Driven IT Modernization & Migration roadmapArchitecture Driven IT Modernization & Migration roadmap
Architecture Driven IT Modernization & Migration roadmap
 
Business.Process.Alignment
Business.Process.AlignmentBusiness.Process.Alignment
Business.Process.Alignment
 
Bobby.german
Bobby.germanBobby.german
Bobby.german
 
Enterprise Analysts And Business Analysts Companions Or Competitors
Enterprise Analysts And Business Analysts   Companions Or CompetitorsEnterprise Analysts And Business Analysts   Companions Or Competitors
Enterprise Analysts And Business Analysts Companions Or Competitors
 
Running IT as a business
Running IT as a businessRunning IT as a business
Running IT as a business
 
Taklimat bengkel isp mampu intan v1.2
Taklimat bengkel isp mampu intan v1.2Taklimat bengkel isp mampu intan v1.2
Taklimat bengkel isp mampu intan v1.2
 
Emerging Trends in IT & Enterprise architecture
Emerging Trends in IT & Enterprise architectureEmerging Trends in IT & Enterprise architecture
Emerging Trends in IT & Enterprise architecture
 

Recently uploaded

It will be International Nurses' Day on 12 May
It will be International Nurses' Day on 12 MayIt will be International Nurses' Day on 12 May
It will be International Nurses' Day on 12 MayNZSG
 
Cracking the Cultural Competence Code.pptx
Cracking the Cultural Competence Code.pptxCracking the Cultural Competence Code.pptx
Cracking the Cultural Competence Code.pptxWorkforce Group
 
Call Girls From Pari Chowk Greater Noida ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service I...
Call Girls From Pari Chowk Greater Noida ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service I...Call Girls From Pari Chowk Greater Noida ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service I...
Call Girls From Pari Chowk Greater Noida ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service I...lizamodels9
 
Call Girls In Noida 959961⊹3876 Independent Escort Service Noida
Call Girls In Noida 959961⊹3876 Independent Escort Service NoidaCall Girls In Noida 959961⊹3876 Independent Escort Service Noida
Call Girls In Noida 959961⊹3876 Independent Escort Service Noidadlhescort
 
👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...
👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...
👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...rajveerescorts2022
 
Call Girls In Majnu Ka Tilla 959961~3876 Shot 2000 Night 8000
Call Girls In Majnu Ka Tilla 959961~3876 Shot 2000 Night 8000Call Girls In Majnu Ka Tilla 959961~3876 Shot 2000 Night 8000
Call Girls In Majnu Ka Tilla 959961~3876 Shot 2000 Night 8000dlhescort
 
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...amitlee9823
 
RSA Conference Exhibitor List 2024 - Exhibitors Data
RSA Conference Exhibitor List 2024 - Exhibitors DataRSA Conference Exhibitor List 2024 - Exhibitors Data
RSA Conference Exhibitor List 2024 - Exhibitors DataExhibitors Data
 
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service Bang...
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service Bang...Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service Bang...
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service Bang...amitlee9823
 
Katrina Personal Brand Project and portfolio 1
Katrina Personal Brand Project and portfolio 1Katrina Personal Brand Project and portfolio 1
Katrina Personal Brand Project and portfolio 1kcpayne
 
Call Girls in Delhi, Escort Service Available 24x7 in Delhi 959961-/-3876
Call Girls in Delhi, Escort Service Available 24x7 in Delhi 959961-/-3876Call Girls in Delhi, Escort Service Available 24x7 in Delhi 959961-/-3876
Call Girls in Delhi, Escort Service Available 24x7 in Delhi 959961-/-3876dlhescort
 
Russian Call Girls In Rajiv Chowk Gurgaon ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service ...
Russian Call Girls In Rajiv Chowk Gurgaon ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service ...Russian Call Girls In Rajiv Chowk Gurgaon ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service ...
Russian Call Girls In Rajiv Chowk Gurgaon ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service ...lizamodels9
 
Quick Doctor In Kuwait +2773`7758`557 Kuwait Doha Qatar Dubai Abu Dhabi Sharj...
Quick Doctor In Kuwait +2773`7758`557 Kuwait Doha Qatar Dubai Abu Dhabi Sharj...Quick Doctor In Kuwait +2773`7758`557 Kuwait Doha Qatar Dubai Abu Dhabi Sharj...
Quick Doctor In Kuwait +2773`7758`557 Kuwait Doha Qatar Dubai Abu Dhabi Sharj...daisycvs
 
The Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai Kuwait
The Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai KuwaitThe Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai Kuwait
The Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai Kuwaitdaisycvs
 
Famous Olympic Siblings from the 21st Century
Famous Olympic Siblings from the 21st CenturyFamous Olympic Siblings from the 21st Century
Famous Olympic Siblings from the 21st Centuryrwgiffor
 
Malegaon Call Girls Service ☎ ️82500–77686 ☎️ Enjoy 24/7 Escort Service
Malegaon Call Girls Service ☎ ️82500–77686 ☎️ Enjoy 24/7 Escort ServiceMalegaon Call Girls Service ☎ ️82500–77686 ☎️ Enjoy 24/7 Escort Service
Malegaon Call Girls Service ☎ ️82500–77686 ☎️ Enjoy 24/7 Escort ServiceDamini Dixit
 
The Path to Product Excellence: Avoiding Common Pitfalls and Enhancing Commun...
The Path to Product Excellence: Avoiding Common Pitfalls and Enhancing Commun...The Path to Product Excellence: Avoiding Common Pitfalls and Enhancing Commun...
The Path to Product Excellence: Avoiding Common Pitfalls and Enhancing Commun...Aggregage
 
Phases of Negotiation .pptx
 Phases of Negotiation .pptx Phases of Negotiation .pptx
Phases of Negotiation .pptxnandhinijagan9867
 
Nelamangala Call Girls: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangalore...
Nelamangala Call Girls: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangalore...Nelamangala Call Girls: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangalore...
Nelamangala Call Girls: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangalore...amitlee9823
 
Mysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best Services
Mysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best ServicesMysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best Services
Mysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best ServicesDipal Arora
 

Recently uploaded (20)

It will be International Nurses' Day on 12 May
It will be International Nurses' Day on 12 MayIt will be International Nurses' Day on 12 May
It will be International Nurses' Day on 12 May
 
Cracking the Cultural Competence Code.pptx
Cracking the Cultural Competence Code.pptxCracking the Cultural Competence Code.pptx
Cracking the Cultural Competence Code.pptx
 
Call Girls From Pari Chowk Greater Noida ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service I...
Call Girls From Pari Chowk Greater Noida ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service I...Call Girls From Pari Chowk Greater Noida ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service I...
Call Girls From Pari Chowk Greater Noida ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service I...
 
Call Girls In Noida 959961⊹3876 Independent Escort Service Noida
Call Girls In Noida 959961⊹3876 Independent Escort Service NoidaCall Girls In Noida 959961⊹3876 Independent Escort Service Noida
Call Girls In Noida 959961⊹3876 Independent Escort Service Noida
 
👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...
👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...
👉Chandigarh Call Girls 👉9878799926👉Just Call👉Chandigarh Call Girl In Chandiga...
 
Call Girls In Majnu Ka Tilla 959961~3876 Shot 2000 Night 8000
Call Girls In Majnu Ka Tilla 959961~3876 Shot 2000 Night 8000Call Girls In Majnu Ka Tilla 959961~3876 Shot 2000 Night 8000
Call Girls In Majnu Ka Tilla 959961~3876 Shot 2000 Night 8000
 
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...
Call Girls Electronic City Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Servi...
 
RSA Conference Exhibitor List 2024 - Exhibitors Data
RSA Conference Exhibitor List 2024 - Exhibitors DataRSA Conference Exhibitor List 2024 - Exhibitors Data
RSA Conference Exhibitor List 2024 - Exhibitors Data
 
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service Bang...
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service Bang...Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service Bang...
Call Girls Jp Nagar Just Call 👗 7737669865 👗 Top Class Call Girl Service Bang...
 
Katrina Personal Brand Project and portfolio 1
Katrina Personal Brand Project and portfolio 1Katrina Personal Brand Project and portfolio 1
Katrina Personal Brand Project and portfolio 1
 
Call Girls in Delhi, Escort Service Available 24x7 in Delhi 959961-/-3876
Call Girls in Delhi, Escort Service Available 24x7 in Delhi 959961-/-3876Call Girls in Delhi, Escort Service Available 24x7 in Delhi 959961-/-3876
Call Girls in Delhi, Escort Service Available 24x7 in Delhi 959961-/-3876
 
Russian Call Girls In Rajiv Chowk Gurgaon ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service ...
Russian Call Girls In Rajiv Chowk Gurgaon ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service ...Russian Call Girls In Rajiv Chowk Gurgaon ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service ...
Russian Call Girls In Rajiv Chowk Gurgaon ❤️8448577510 ⊹Best Escorts Service ...
 
Quick Doctor In Kuwait +2773`7758`557 Kuwait Doha Qatar Dubai Abu Dhabi Sharj...
Quick Doctor In Kuwait +2773`7758`557 Kuwait Doha Qatar Dubai Abu Dhabi Sharj...Quick Doctor In Kuwait +2773`7758`557 Kuwait Doha Qatar Dubai Abu Dhabi Sharj...
Quick Doctor In Kuwait +2773`7758`557 Kuwait Doha Qatar Dubai Abu Dhabi Sharj...
 
The Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai Kuwait
The Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai KuwaitThe Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai Kuwait
The Abortion pills for sale in Qatar@Doha [+27737758557] []Deira Dubai Kuwait
 
Famous Olympic Siblings from the 21st Century
Famous Olympic Siblings from the 21st CenturyFamous Olympic Siblings from the 21st Century
Famous Olympic Siblings from the 21st Century
 
Malegaon Call Girls Service ☎ ️82500–77686 ☎️ Enjoy 24/7 Escort Service
Malegaon Call Girls Service ☎ ️82500–77686 ☎️ Enjoy 24/7 Escort ServiceMalegaon Call Girls Service ☎ ️82500–77686 ☎️ Enjoy 24/7 Escort Service
Malegaon Call Girls Service ☎ ️82500–77686 ☎️ Enjoy 24/7 Escort Service
 
The Path to Product Excellence: Avoiding Common Pitfalls and Enhancing Commun...
The Path to Product Excellence: Avoiding Common Pitfalls and Enhancing Commun...The Path to Product Excellence: Avoiding Common Pitfalls and Enhancing Commun...
The Path to Product Excellence: Avoiding Common Pitfalls and Enhancing Commun...
 
Phases of Negotiation .pptx
 Phases of Negotiation .pptx Phases of Negotiation .pptx
Phases of Negotiation .pptx
 
Nelamangala Call Girls: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangalore...
Nelamangala Call Girls: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangalore...Nelamangala Call Girls: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangalore...
Nelamangala Call Girls: 🍓 7737669865 🍓 High Profile Model Escorts | Bangalore...
 
Mysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best Services
Mysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best ServicesMysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best Services
Mysore Call Girls 8617370543 WhatsApp Number 24x7 Best Services
 

Guerilla Marketing of Enterprise Architecture Management

  • 1. Guerilla Marketing of Enterprise Architecture Management Christian Kählig christian.kaehlig@ideasenabled.com | t: @ideasenabled | f: facebook.com/ideasenabled | http://www.ideasenabled.com
  • 2. My context Innovation Management Management Consulting IT Strategy & Architecture 7y Consulting 2y Startups 6y Corporation Business and Computer Science Executive MBA in Innovation Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. Image sources: see last slide. 2
  • 3. Initial situation in 2008 – Lack of transparency Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. Image source: see last slide. 3
  • 4. Demand everywhere How big is the Which applications are consolidation realized and operated in- potential house by KDG, which are Providence in our current outsourced? infrastructure stack? Line of Corp. Risk & CIO / CTO Business Compliance Owner Management How about data ownership and We need an overview on Billing & retention? IT Development Which of our current all SOX Management relatedOperations IT changes Management IT Architecture Management Revenue business processes have in the IT Applications Assurance automatisation potential? Portfolio? IT Risk, Security Which & Compliance applications Planning are involved Enterprise Project Manager Business in our billing Could you Architect Analyst process please provide chain? us with a customer data flow plan? Execution Which of the current Infrastructure Application Architecture Application interfaces canOwner we retire Operations & Support & Development when NGBS is live? We need a list with all IT / CTO / TO interfaces from/to Delphi? BUSINESS Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 4
  • 5. Ambitious roadmap Proof-of-concept Launch PRIMA 1.0 PRIMA 2.0 2008/12 2009/05 2012/01 Focus of this presentation Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 5
  • 6. Marketing challenges everywhere Launch PRIMA 1.0 PRIMA 2.0 2009/05 2012/01 Fundraising Value proposition mismatch Continuous Awareness Commitment Conflicting priorities Mass acceptance Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 6
  • 7. Fundraising – The story of the little flags Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. Video source and copyright: Sparkasse – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0XHkWk7G0E8 7
  • 8. Objectives – Realistic and appealing Promised answers Tangible Results Reduced scope Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 8
  • 9. Iterative approach – Early results delivery One Promised method results Iteration tailored to – two visible buffer iterations for content updates Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 9
  • 10. Effective marketing building blocks Overview Education Motivation Usability Methodology Reduced and Gamification trainings simplified Practitioner Target Job-tailored workshops agreements Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 10
  • 11. Effective marketing building blocks Foundation setting Methodology guide Data entry guide Wiki knowledge base Do it yourself. Try to avoid external consultants to increase authenticity. Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 11
  • 12. Effective marketing building blocks Practical teamwork Connect people from different organizations. Focus on practical hands-on work. Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 12
  • 13. Effective marketing building blocks Friendly competition Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 13
  • 14. Effective marketing building blocks Progression dynamics Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 14
  • 15. Effective marketing building blocks Meaningful price representative useful day-to-day branded Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 15
  • 16. Effective marketing building blocks Goal alignment Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 16
  • 17. Effective marketing building blocks Barriers reduction Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 17
  • 18. Effective marketing building blocks Job-related entry pages Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 18
  • 19. Achievements Dashboard User growth Data growth Key results 05/2009 12/2009 05/2009 12/2009 05/2009 12/2009 1000 100% 2 key project supports: NGBS, VOD 198 applications 402 45% (active & planned) 20% 395 components 38 335 services Increased 10-fold Increased 125% Operative wins Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 19
  • 20. Bonus material Not so successful initiatives Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 20
  • 21. Key takeaways General Set ambitious, but realistic goals. Strive for promoters outside IT to increase external pressures. approach Work in iterations and increments. Think about a final iteration that focuses on methods only. Leave buffer for refinements. Marketing After fundraising and initial management commitment, ensure frequent communication. Counter typical marketing challenges like value proposition mismatch, conflicting priorities, mass acceptance and continuous awareness with appropriate measures: Education Establish methodology trainings early up-front. Conduct separate practitioner workshops. Host the sessions yourself ideally – people appreciate it. Motivation Think about gamification. Use progression dynamics and a friendly competition to boost your efforts in a positive way. Offer a meaningful team price, but award all at the end. Use binding target agreements on top if necessary. Usability Keep things as simple as possible and build on things step by step to reduce usage barriers. Create job-related entry pages and data entry wizards. Provide a wiki knowledge base, manuals, videos, etc. to alleviate the learning curve. Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 21
  • 22. Accelerated innovation development Christian Kählig christian.kaehlig@ideasenabled.com de.linkedin.com/in/ckaehlig t: @ideasenabled f: facebook.com/ideasenabled www.ideasenabled.com
  • 23. Sources H. Koppdelaney http://www.flickr.com/photos/h- k-d/6307059684/sizes/l/in/photostream/ Handspring.com.au - http://handspring.com.au/wp- content/uploads/2010/10/puzzle.jpg Sparkasse – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0XHkWk7G0E8 Guerilla Marketing of EAM © Ideas EnabledTM – All rights reserved. 23

Editor's Notes

  1. Source:Accenture - http://careers.accenture.com/SiteCollectionImages/About/n_managementconsulting_about.jpgPresentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  2. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  3. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  4. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  5. Sources:...Presentation notes:Getting funded: difficult business case, always a battle against market projects and other „must-do“ prioritiesLack of sustainablecommittment of goal stakeholder: committed initially, but not sustainably! Market projects always get higher priority – reasonable!Value proposition mismatch: data knowledge champion / owner is not the one who benefits most (management, planners and architects are)Conflicting priorities: people tend to favor market projects due to manager prioritization and sometimes change resistence and/or lazinessMass acceptance: the diverse user groups have totally different needs, motivations and goalsSecuring operations: handover to operations team, SLA agreement difficult, etc.Continuous awareness: achieving a continous awareness regarding data entry, maintenance and reportingPreparationnotes:...
  6. Sources:Sparkasse – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0XHkWk7G0E8Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  7. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  8. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  9. Sources:-Presentation notes:Key issues in marketing: #1 Fundraising, #2 Commitment, #3 Value prop mismatch, #4 Conflicting prios, #5 Mass acceptance, #6 Continouous awarenessFundraising: covered beforeMass acceptance: Educationtraining >> methodology: sample oriented, visual, authentic [eat your own dog foof], DIY –> don‘t use consultants (gets recognized, more authentic, better samples, etc.)practitioner workshops >> real life use cases; even fosters cross-department communication!)MotivationSoft >> gamification -> competition, progress dynamics, „win a price“ => price/gift should be useful, classy, used daily, can be placed on the desk, is brandedPrice: promise a price for the winner, but give it to all as a recognition for the hardworking ones and as a reminder for the othersHard >> target agreements (MBO)UsabilityIntuitive >> ensure ease of use and simplify as much as possible; ideally choose a beautiful tool (Apple effect); e.g. support synonyms, etc.Tailored >> create role related entry pages tailored to the audienceManagement support / Committment / Conflicting Prios:GamificationPromoters, Multiplier -> ideally external to IT, are typically very enthusiastic and motivated (need the data), can wield power over IT management, need to be enticed through result mockupsValue prop mismatch / Continuous awareness: Hard >> target agreements (MBO)Doc managers >> assign at least one doc manager per group and also define goals in the MBO charter Preparationnotes:-
  10. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  11. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  12. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  13. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  14. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  15. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  16. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  17. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  18. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  19. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...
  20. Sources:...Presentation notes:...Preparationnotes:...