1. The document reports on two experiments that examined how factors like post-event information, presentation mode, emotionality, and gender affect eyewitness accuracy and memory.
2. In experiment 1, subjects were exposed to staged or video events and given consistent, misleading, or no post-event information. Memory was highest in the consistent condition and lowest in the misleading condition.
3. Experiment 2 examined how emotionality and gender influence memory, finding that unpleasant events and females were more susceptible to post-event information.
1. MODES OF PRESENTATION, POST-EVENT INFORMATION, EVENT EMOTIONALITY AND GENDER AFFECTING THE EYEWITNESS ACCURACY Ari Sudan Tiwari and Chandra Bhal Dwivedi Department of Psychology Banaras Hindu University Varanasi-221005
2.
3.
4.
5. Table 2: Treatment Level-wise Mean Memory Scores and SDs TREATMENT LEVELS MEMORY SCORES MEAN SDs A Types of Post-Event Information 1. Consistent 15.70 2.03 2. Misleading 5.35 1.59 3. No 8.65 3.02 B Modes of Event Presentation 1. Staged Event 9.43 5.40 2. Video Clipped Event 10.37 4.33 C Gender 1. Males 10.03 4.10 2. Females 9.77 5.61
6. Table 3: Summary of 3 2 2 Factorial Analysis of Variance for Memory Scores Source of Variation SS df MSS F p Level of Significance A (Types of Post-Event Information) 2236.20 2 1118.10 414.68 .0001 B ( Modes of Event Presentation) 26.13 1 26.13 9.69 .002 C (Gender) 2.13 1 2.13 0.79 .376 A B 54.87 2 27.43 10.17 .0001 B C 128.13 1 128.13 47.52 .0001 A C 78.87 2 39.43 14.63 .0001 A B C 33.27 2 16.63 6.17 .003 Within Treatments (Error) 291.20 108 2.70 Total 2850.80 119
7.
8.
9.
10.
11. Table 5: Treatment Level-wise Mean Memory Scores and SDs. TREATMENT LEVELS MEMORY SCORES MEAN SD A Types of Post-Event Information 1. Consistent 15.90 1.92 2. Misleading 7.95 2.28 3. No 10.48 1.72 B Gender 1. Males 11.13 3.57 2. Females 11.75 4.15 C Event Emotionality 1. Pleasant 12.38 3.66 2. Unpleasant 10.50 3.87
12. Table 6: Summary of 3 2 2 Mixed Factorial Analysis of Variance for Memory Scores. Source of Variation SS df MSS F p Level of Significance Between SS 1513.10 59 A (Types of Post-Event Information) 1320.12 2 660.0585 218.35 .0001 B (Gender) 11.41 1 11.408 3.77 .057 A B 18.32 2 9.1585 3.03 .057 Ss Within groups (Error I) 163.25 54 3.023 Within SS 268.50 60 C (Event Emotionality) 106.41 1 106.408 45.28 .0001 A C 30.02 2 15.0085 6.34 .0001 B C 0.41 1 0.408 0.17 .678 A B C 4.82 2 2.4085 1.04 .366 C x Ss within groups (Error II) 126.85 54 2.35 Total 1781.59 119