This will give you general information about computer ports and buses specially hdmi, sata, pci and thunderbolt

1. Computer Ports
Introduction Some Details
Classification Comparison
Various Ports Conclusion
Archit 'n' Krutarth 1

2. Introduction
• Interface
– between the computer and other computers or
peripheral devices
• Plug/Cable
• Entrance/Door
– “poort”; Air port; Mundra Port
• Port vs Bus
Archit 'n' Krutarth 2

3. Classification
• Serial/Parallel ports
• Hot-swappable ports
– Can be connected while equipment is running
• Plug-and-play
– Automatically start handshaking
• Auto-detect
– some sound cards allow plugging in several different
types of audio speakers
• Technologies
– Optical (light) fiber, microwave, and others
Archit 'n' Krutarth 3

4. Computer Ports
• Serial Port • Ethernet or 'Network'
• Parallel Port Port
• PS/2 Port • Game port
• USB • DVI Port
• VGA Port • SCSI
• Power Connector • HDMI
• Modem • PCI
• Optical Audio • Thunderbolt
• SATA • And so on . . . .
Archit 'n' Krutarth 4

5. Color Codes
• Orange, purple, or grey: Keyboard PS/2
• Green: Mouse PS/2
• Blue or magenta: Parallel printer DB-25
• Amber: Serial DB-25 or DB-9
• Pastel pink: Microphone 1/8" stereo (TRS)
mini jack
• Pastel green: Speaker 1/8" stereo (TRS) mini
jack
Archit 'n' Krutarth 5

6. Computer Ports
• Serial Port • Ethernet or 'Network'
• Parallel Port Port
• PS/2 Port • Game port
• USB • DVI Port
• VGA Port • SCSI
• Power Connector • HDMI
• Modem • PCI
• Optical Audio • Thunderbolt
• SATA • And so on . . . .
Archit 'n' Krutarth 6

7. Ethernet
• LAN
• Introduced 1980
• 802.3 in 1985
• Co-axial, Twisted Pair or Fiber Optics
• Too much
– It’s a network
Archit 'n' Krutarth 7

8. Ethernet
• Heartbeats
• 0 and 1 in starting
– +0.7 and -0.7
– No collision Transfer further
• RJ-45 connector
– 8 pins
– 4 pairs of lines
– Registered jack RJ11, RJ14 or RJ25
Archit 'n' Krutarth 8

9. Ethernet
• Little monitor lights on these devices flicker
when in use.
Archit 'n' Krutarth 9

10. VGA Port
• Monitor to a computer's video card
• Looks like serial port but is different in many
ways (15 holes vs 9/25 holes)
• VGA – Video Graphics Array (Hardware)
• Resolution 640*480
– Earlier Desktop
– Now mobiles
• VGA connector
Archit 'n' Krutarth 10

11. VGA Port
• Analog in nature
– DTV course
• Today, the VGA analog
interface is used for
widescreen resolutions
including 1920×1080.
Archit 'n' Krutarth 11

12. HDMI
• High-Definition Multimedia Interface
• Uncompressed digital audio/video/data
• HDMI Founders : seven companies
– Hitachi, Panasonic, Philips, Silicon Image, Sony,
Thomson (RCA) and Toshiba
• Designed in December 2002
• To improve on DVI-HDTV by using a smaller
connector and adding support for audio, and
enhanced support for YCbCr and consumer
electronics control functions.
Archit 'n' Krutarth 12

13. HDMI
• Parallel
– 3 colors on 3 pins ; clock on 4th
• Hot swappable
• Plug n play
• Auto detect
• 10.2 Gbit/s (340 MHz * 3 = 1020)
– USB doesn’t have clock
Archit 'n' Krutarth 13

14. HDMI
• Protocol TMDS (DVI and HDMI)
– Transition Minimized Differential Signaling
– Video Data Period
– Data Island Period
– Control Period
• Compatibility : SCART, VGA, RCA, etc.
– Using scalar (digital-to-analog converter)
– relatively complex and expensive
Archit 'n' Krutarth 14

15. HDMI
• Applications
– Blue ray disc; HD-DVD
– Digital camera; cam recorders
– PCs
– Tablets
– Mobiles
Archit 'n' Krutarth 15

16. USB
• All devices printers, mice and all
• USB hub - 127 devices to a USB port.
– Speed share
• Draw power
• USB 2.0 -480 Mbps.
• USB 3.0-5 Gbps (bi-directional)
• 4 pins
• No clock
Archit 'n' Krutarth 16

17. SATA
• Serial At- Attachment
– Attachment to IBM PC
• Use : Host bus adapters to mass storage devices
such as hard disk drives and optical drives.
• Before SATA
– PATA
• SATA - 7 conductors
• PATA-40 conductors
• SATA 3.0 Around 600 Mbps practically
Archit 'n' Krutarth 17

18. SATA
• Every hard drive, SSD, and internal optical
drive is connected to SATA these days.
• Created in 2003
• The SATA-IO group collaboratively creates,
reviews and ratifies
Archit 'n' Krutarth 18

19. SATA
Archit 'n' Krutarth 19

20. PCI express
• Peripheral Component Interconnect Express
• replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus
standards
• Serial Communication
• External interface with PCI Express External
Cabling, such as Thunderbolt
• Designer : Intel, Dell, HP, IBM
• Maintainer : PCI-SIG (PCI Special Interest Group)
Archit 'n' Krutarth 20

21. PCI express
• Purpose:
– Devices connected to the bus appear to the
processor to be connected directly to the
processor bus, and are assigned addresses in the
processor's address space.
– Independent of particular processor
– Connect GPU or any expansion card to processor
Archit 'n' Krutarth 21

22. PCI express
• Data rate
– Per lane (each direction):
• v1.x: 250 MB/s
• v2.x: 500 MB/s
• v3.0: 1 GB/s
• v4.0: 2 GB/s [November,2011]
– 16 lane slot (each direction): [x1,x4,x8,x16,x32]
• v1.x: 4 GB/s
• v2.x: 8 GB/s
• v3.0: 16 GB/s
Archit 'n' Krutarth 22

23. PCI express
Archit 'n' Krutarth 23

24. PCI express
Archit 'n' Krutarth 24

25. Thunder bolt
• Designed: February 2011
• Designer Intel brought to market by technical
collaboration with Apple Inc.
• Originally intended to run on optical physical level
(Brand : ‘light peak’)
– But ‘copper came very good”
– 10 W power
• Use:
– high-performance storage in a simple daisy chain.
– Laptop to HD monitor
Archit 'n' Krutarth 25

26. Thunder bolt
Archit 'n' Krutarth 26

27. Comparison & Conclusion
Archit 'n' Krutarth 27

28. Comparison & Conclusion
Archit 'n' Krutarth 28

29. Thank you !!
Archit 'n' Krutarth 29