5. a. Excrete (get rid of) metabolic wastes in
the blood by filtering them out and
excreting them in urine.
b. Maintain homeostasis of…
a. Amount of H20
b. Amount of salts
c. Amount of Na+/K+
d. pH of body fluids
6.
7.
8. Renal cortex: contains nephrons
functional unit of kidney (1 million per
kidney!)
Medulla: composed of renal pyramids
Renal pyramids: contain collecting ducts
Calyx: drain urine from each renal
pyramid and into ureter
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14. a. Filtration: Filtration occurs in
the glomerulus. Blood pressure
forces water, salt, glucose,
amino acids, and urea into the
glomerular capsule. Proteins
and blood cells are too big to
cross the membrane; they
remain in the blood. The fluid
that enters the renal tubules is
called the filtrate.
15.
16.
17. a. 15 gallons
b. 25 gallons
c. 45 gallons
d. 125 gallons
19. b. Reabsorption: As the
filtrate flows through the
renal tubule, most of the
water and nutrients are
reabsorbed into the blood.
The concentrated fluid that
enters the collecting duct
is called urine.
20. c. Secretion: Some
substances that were
reabsorbed are secreted
into the filtrate, such as
certain drugs, excess
potassium, or as a final
way to control blood pH.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26. Know the pathway of urine from the
kidneys to exterior of the body!
What is the functional unit of the nephron?
When is the end product of kidney
function?
