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Peter Higgs’ best-known paper on the
new particle was initially rejected.
But this was a blessing in disguise, since it
led Higgs to add a paragraph introducing
the now famous Higgs particle.
1.
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The science minister for the United Kingdom once
held a national competition to find the best Higgs
explanation.
Scientists had such difficulty explaining the Higgs field
to the British government that in 1993, UK Science
Minister William Waldegrave challenged them to send
him their best one-page descriptions.
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The Higgs mechanism explains only a
small fraction of the mass in the universe.
Most popular science articles give the
Higgs model broad credit for lending mass
to everything in the universe.
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Higgs was not the only physicist who
contributed to the idea of how to give
particles mass.
At least a dozen theorists played some part
in developing the theoretical framework
that led to the Higgs particle.
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The term “boson” comes from the name
of Indian physicist and mathematician
Satyendra Nath Bose. Bose never received
a doctorate, nor was he awarded a Nobel
Prize for his work, though the Nobel
committee recognized other scientists for
research related to the concepts he
developed.
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The nickname “God particle” originated
from a book by Nobel laureate Leon
Lederman.
Physicist Leon Lederman unwittingly gave
the Higgs boson what may be its most-
disliked descriptor with the title of his
book, The God Particle.
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Standard particle theory will be incomplete
even if the Higgs particle is discovered.
The Higgs boson is the last undiscovered particle
predicted by the Standard Model, a beautiful
mathematical framework physicists use to
describe the smallest bits of matter and how
they interact.
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If the Higgs particle exists, it may
have relatives.
Many theorists have tried to explain
the known particles and their masses
without a Higgs boson, but no one has
yet come up with a successful model.
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Scientists may have first glimpsed the
Higgs boson more than a decade ago.
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Finding the new particle would be only the beginning.
Just because something looks like the Higgs particle
does not mean it is the Higgs particle. If physicists do
discover a new particle, they will need to measure its
numerous properties before they can determine
whether it is the Higgs boson described by the Standard
Model of particle physics.