Cisco Systems Case Study: Architecture Review Process— Improving the IT Portfolio Susan Bouchard Enterprise Architecture Standards and Governance

Agenda Cisco Culture and History Managing the IT Investment Portfolio Architecture Review Process Architecture Review Process Improvement Improving the IT Portfolio

Cisco Culture and History

Managing the IT Investment Portfolio

Architecture Review Process

Architecture Review Process Improvement

Improving the IT Portfolio

Cisco Culture and History

The Other Guys Largest U.S. Foodservice Distributor

Cisco Systems: Worldwide Leader in Networking for the Internet Cisco Products Power the Internet Cisco Runs Its Business on the Internet

Cisco at Work—Corporate Culture

History of Cisco Systems 1998 1984 1986 1990 1994 2002 2003 2004 Started at Stanford IPO; 192 Employees End-to-End Solutions Provider Cisco Routers Power the Internet; LAN/WAN Switching, Remote Access #1 Communications Equipment Supplier Shipped First Router $18.9 Billion Revenue; 34,000 Employees; IP Telephony, Security, Wireless, Networked Home Cisco’s 20 th Anniversary New Cisco CRS-1 Carrier Routing System $22 Billion Revenue 2005 37,000 Employees; 120 Locations Worldwide

Managing the IT Investment Portfolio

Portfolio Management Portfolio Management is the Process and Methodology for Controlling and Optimizing IT Investments to Reduce Duplication, Increase Productivity, and Deliver Value to the Business

Portfolio Management is the Process and Methodology for Controlling and Optimizing IT Investments to Reduce Duplication, Increase Productivity, and Deliver Value to the Business

Managing the IT Investment Portfolio Strategy Formulation Environmental Monitoring Value Management Implementation Management Architecture Planning Infrastructure Planning Gap Analysis Risk Management Project Resourcing Project Monitoring Migration Planning Enterprise Strategy and Planning Integrate Business and IT Strategy and Planning Implement Enterprise Transformation through Key Programs/Projects Provide the Technology Roadmap for the Enterprise Technology Assessment Investment Portfolio Enterprise Program Management Enterprise Architecture Through Key Integrated Processes Focused on Creating Business Value Adapted from Paras, G. & Buchanan, R. Chair Address: Enterprise Architecture is Growing Up. In Proc. Enterprise Architectures Conference (Phoenix, AZ Nov 2003), 11.

Enterprise Strategy and Planning Business and IT Strategy Undertaken to Accomplish Goal(s) 3–5 Year Goals Cisco Strategy FY’06 Initiatives A Series of Plans and Initiatives

Enterprise Program Management 3–5 Year Goals Cisco Strategy FY ’06 Initiatives Resource Allocation Cost and Risk Control Program and Project Alignment Holistic Program and Project Coordination Process Management Value Management Human Resource Management

Enterprise Architecture Process to transform Current state into future state Drive alignment Business and technical architecture Increase agility Flexibility to meet business requirements Threat Opportunity New Requirement

Process to transform

Current state into future state

Drive alignment

Business and technical architecture

Increase agility

Flexibility to meet business requirements

Four Focus Areas for Enterprise Architecture Transforming the Business Standards and Governance Enterprise Alignment Cross-Process Integration Data and Information

Architecture Review Process

Architecture Review Process Architecture Review Process is the Process and Methodology for Evaluating and Improving IT Investments to Reduce Duplication, Increase Productivity, and Deliver Value to the Business, Day-to-Day as Projects Move Through the Lifecycle

Architecture Review Process is the Process and Methodology for Evaluating and Improving IT Investments to Reduce Duplication, Increase Productivity, and Deliver Value to the Business, Day-to-Day as Projects Move Through the Lifecycle

Architecture Review Process ARP Website Functional Processes ID and Assess Analysis Design Build Implement SDLC/ PLC Stages: Concept Commit Execute Commit Design Review Readiness Review Post Project Assessment Customer Advocacy Sales Manufacturing = Architecture Team Engagement with Project Team 2003 2004-2005 SDLC/PLC = Software Development/Project Lifecycle ID and Assess Analysis Design Build Implement SDLC/ PLC Stages: Concept Commit Execute Commit Design Review Readiness Review Post Project Assessment Review Steps: Business Engagement Invitation PAT Engagement Invitation 1. PAT Engagement 2. PAT Pre-EC Review(s) 3. PAT Architecture Review 4. PAT Design Review 5. PAT Build Review 6. PAT Pre-Readiness Review 7. PAT Post- Implementation Review Iterate Steps, as Required Enterprise Process Recommended Step

Partner Architecture Team (PAT) Organization Infrastructure Global Shared Services and Running IT Enterprise Architecture Enterprise Data Mgmt Oracle Customer Advocacy Issue to Resolution Customer Support Manufacturing Forecast to Delivery Supply Chain Siebel Sales Marketing Channels Market to Sell Customer & Partner Data Customer Service/ Finance ERP Oracle Quote to Cash B2B Customer Txn Agile Chief Development Office Idea to Offering Quality PeopleSoft Human Resources Hire to Retire Employee Services Cisco University L1 Process Function Arch Lead Release Mgmt

Partner Architecture Team (PAT) Engagement Self-Service Review (eReview) Team or Cross-Functional Review PAT Members Engagement Q&A Determine Review Type and Level of Involvement Project Manager Outcome Engagement Review Type PAT will work with Project Team, providing technical expertise throughout project lifecycle Medium-Touch Team Review (TR) Project Team will use automated eReview tool to obtain architecture assessment/recommendation report Low-Touch Self-Service Review (SSR) PAT members from affected functional areas will work with Project Team, providing technical expertise throughout project lifecycle High-Touch Cross-Functional Review (XFR)

Required for ARP Adoption Partners Partner Architecture Teams (PATs) and Project Managers (PMs) Patterns Standards, Best Practices and Target Architecture Portfolio Projects for Review Plan Schedule of Reviews

Partners

Partner Architecture Teams (PATs) and Project Managers (PMs)

Patterns

Standards, Best Practices and Target Architecture

Portfolio

Projects for Review

Plan

Schedule of Reviews

Measure ARP Impact Engaged before Execute Commit Review documented Standard leveraged or reused Redundancy eliminated Recommendation followed

Engaged before Execute Commit

Review documented

Standard leveraged or reused

Redundancy eliminated

Recommendation followed

Adoption Challenges Resource commitment and early engagement Review documentation quality Constant evolution of technology standards Support to mature process and measure impact

Resource commitment and early engagement

Review documentation quality

Constant evolution of technology standards

Support to mature process and measure impact

Architecture Review Process Improvement

Problem Statement Redundant engagements/questions take time Answers are not readily available for shared access Architecture decisions are not well-documented Engagements often occur too late in PLC for effect This problem impacts PMs, PATs, EA and the Business PMs Answer Many Architecture-Related Questions to Obtain Resources and Pass Project Lifecycle (PLC) Gates

Redundant engagements/questions take time

Answers are not readily available for shared access

Architecture decisions are not well-documented

Engagements often occur too late in PLC for effect

This problem impacts PMs, PATs, EA and the Business

EA Action Plan Identify key ARP steps and improvement goals Improve architecture documentation Provide value case for adoption Identify and gather alignment metrics ARP Adoption

Identify key ARP steps and improvement goals

Improve architecture documentation

Provide value case for adoption

Identify and gather alignment metrics

Key ARP Steps and Improvement Goals Planning Align engagement activities and engage early Reduce touch points for the project team Development Record architecture history in a common format Gather standards compliance metrics Operation Audit to confirm recommendations followed Gather lessons learned to improve quality

Planning

Align engagement activities and engage early

Reduce touch points for the project team

Development

Record architecture history in a common format

Gather standards compliance metrics

Operation

Audit to confirm recommendations followed

Gather lessons learned to improve quality

Improve Architecture Documentation B Are the business requirements for your project still pending analysis? A Will your project use a third-party vendor solution? D Will your solution require a new database, DB schema, or significant DBA work? I Will your project depend on any new or non-standard Infrastructure environment? Plan Portfolio and Create Roadmap Develop Strategy Planning Development End of Life Operation Project Profile ? ? ? B Will your project's User Interface be non-standard compared to CEC/CCO standards? A Does the presentation layer need a plug-in to function? D Does your project require direct access to data? I Did this project require an InfoSec audit? B Have the Business processes been documented? A Are you meeting the Service Level Agreement (SLA) for the application? D Was the database sizing estimated correctly? I Did this project follow all the recommended technology standards? Project Profile Enables Architecture-Related Information about the Project to be Assessed Throughout the PLC and Beyond Stage 1 ID and Assess Stage 2 Analysis Stage 3 Design Stage 4 Build Stage 5 Implement Stage 6 Support and Maintain Concept Commit Execute Commit Design Review Readiness Review Post Project Assessment      Architecture Domains: B = Business A = Application D = Data I = Infrastructure, InfoSec, or Integration Business Commit 

Value Case Eliminates redundant questions Saves PM time Provides ready access to answers Saves PAT time Improves architecture documentation Improves EA results Facilitates earlier engagement Improves Business results Project Profile Consolidates Questions/Answers

Eliminates redundant questions

Saves PM time

Provides ready access to answers

Saves PAT time

Improves architecture documentation

Improves EA results

Facilitates earlier engagement

Improves Business results

Alignment Metrics # and Size of Transaction Databases % Projects Using Single-Source-of-Truth (SSOT) Data Data Management # Reusable Business and IT Services Created # Reusable Business and IT Services Consumed Reuse of Business and IT Services % Projects Doing Architecture Reviews % Projects Leveraging Standards Adherence to Principles, Policies and Standards Time to Implement Business Capability Business Agility % Projects Aligned to Business and IT Architecture Roadmaps % Business Capabilities Realized in Target State Alignment of Business and IT Architecture Roadmaps Planned Measure Architecture Alignment Lever

Improving the IT Portfolio

Impact of ARP on IT Portfolio PATs halt projects having no business owner PAT expertise helps speed and improve delivery Team proficiency increases by working with experts Teams aware of and leverage more standards

PATs halt projects having no business owner

PAT expertise helps speed and improve delivery

Team proficiency increases by working with experts

Teams aware of and leverage more standards

Next Steps Establish PAT Community of Practice Consolidate/publish Standards and Best Practices Continue to drive ARP Adoption Collect and report Architecture Alignment Metrics Communicate and acknowledge good behavior

Establish PAT Community of Practice

Consolidate/publish Standards and Best Practices

Continue to drive ARP Adoption

Collect and report Architecture Alignment Metrics

Communicate and acknowledge good behavior

Q and A