Session 2 (Overview)

Prof. Rosynella Cardozo R.

1- Generations in evaluation
2- Evaluation and assessment
3- Characteristics of tests
4.- Principles of test design – test formats
5.- Communicative testing

1st Generation: evaluators measure participants
2nd Generation: evaluators describe participants
3rd Generation: evaluators judge participants
4th Generation: evaluators negotiate with participants
Guba, E. and Lincoln, Y. (1989). Fourth Generation Evaluation. Newbury Park: Sage Publications Inc.

Assessment Analysis of documents Appraisals Evaluation Evaluation Evaluation Evaluation Administrators’ Counselors’ Teachers’ Community members’

Exercise 1: general evaluation

TYPES OF ASSESSMENT Formal Assessment (TESTING) Informal Assessment Self - Peer Assessment
Tests:
Exams
Quizzes
Workshops
Projects
Presentations
Homework
Etc.
Questionnaires
Diaries
Surveys
Descriptions
Etc.

.- Validity A test is valid “if it measures accurately what it is intended to measure” (Hughes, A., 1989). Content validity The test tests what it is supposed to test Construct validity The test tests what it is supposed to test and nothing else Face validity The test appears to test what it is trying to test From a more delicate perspective, three types of validity can be spotted (Baxter, A., 1997) :

.- Reliability A test is reliable if it measures consistently. Results must be stable. a) Inter-rater reliability b) Intra-rater reliability

.- Practicality
Economy
Resources
Administration and scoring

.- Washback Influence of teaching and learning

1- Guidelines for item design
2- Sample items
3- Formats
4- Multiple choice items

Relevance Contextualization Meaningfulness Authenticity

Session 2 (Overview)

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Session 2 (Overview) Presentation Transcript