Ferrite Specifications and ACME Ferrites (1)

ACME Electronics Corporation 1
Ferrite Specification
&
ACME Ferrites
Technical Aspects
By Ray Lai, FAE
June 2015
With Supports of
RD & Marketing Teams

ACME Electronics Corporation
Table of Content
1. Specifications of Ferrites – Materials & Products
2. ACME ferrite road map and development trend
3. Technical Application Example: CMC
4. Technical Application Example: DC-DC choke
5. Technical Application Example: SMPS transformer
6. Appendix A: Further on ferrite specifications
7. Appendix B: (a) Fringing effect of gapped core (b)
Manipulating magnetizing curve
8. Appendix C: An analogy and differentiation on R, C, and L
and why magnetic components are so UNIQUE
Q & A
2

3
A typical ferrite “material” specification looks like

Looking at the material specification, what image pops up in our
mind? This or those?
The specification sheet generally
seen are measured with a fixed
core geometry with center turns
of winding.

Ferrite Production is a time consuming process with many variables –
explicit or implicit
Fe2O3
MnO2
ZnO
……

Trilogy of Magnetizing Curve (only B-H Curve is well known,
but it’s a “derivative”)
a. B-H curve b. 𝜙-F curve c. Λ-i curve
𝑢 𝑟 =
𝑑𝐵
𝑑𝐻
𝐴 𝐿 =
𝑑𝜙
𝑑𝐹
𝐿 =
𝑑Λ
𝑑𝑖
“Initial” Permeability
“Material Specification
Single Turn Inductance
“Product” Specification
DeviceInductance
Measurable
What Ampere’s law
and Faraday law of
magnetic induction
are based on

B-H Curve is a “derived” characteristic
1. From a closed-loop fix core geometry (usually toroid core),
why? Considering most of the power applications are not ring
core and normally with air gap.
2. Under a fixed condition (low frequency low flux density
sinusoidal excitation),
why? Considering the majority of ferrite is for mid-to-high
frequency square-wave driven SMPS application with as high
as possible flux density
For practical design purposes, most of the time, the
published material specification (i.e., B-H Curve) is just like TV
commercial, what you see is not always what you get!

B-H curve is a critical index for ferrite powder maker to
qualify its material quality. ACME as a ferrite producer, uses it to
roll out the property roadmap of his powders per the application
demands.
On the other hand, in real application, the core geometry
takes equally the same importance in meeting the desired
performance required by a design.
Magnetic component designer must understand the
catches on the material specifications and have good knowledge
on core design issues to provide a sound design for the intended
applications (adapter, converter, WPC, etc.,)

Key specifications
a. Permeability ui and ua from B-H curve
b. Saturation flux density Bsat
c. Core loss density Pv
d. Effective Bandwidth
will be explained in detail. The rest specification items:
Remanence (Brms) and Coercivity (Hc), Hysteresis Material
Constant (ηB), Disaccommodation Factor (DF) and Quality Factor
(Q) will be discussed in Appendix A

Why B-H Curve is so important for Ferromagnetic Material
Magnetic Field H
Flux density B
Permanent magnetics
永磁
Soft magnetic material
軟磁
Bsat

Material Specification: Permeability  ui and ua
Freq. Flux den. Temp. P45 P46 P47
Initial Permeability μi ≤ 10KHz 0.25mT 25°C 3100 ± 25% 3300 ± 25% 3000 ± 25%
25°C > 5000 > 4500 > 5000
100°C > 5000 > 4500 > 5000
Unit Measuring Conditions Wide Temperature Low Loss Materials
Amplitude Permeability μa 25KHz 200mT
Symbol
Specifications in table are only for fixed conditions
But, permeability is actually a function of Temperature and
Load and it’s non-linear

Permeability is a function of Temperature

TSMP is a critical factor if close to 20~30℃

Permeability is a function of Load
Faraday law of magnetic induction and Ampere’s law are the corner
stones
𝑉𝐿 = 𝐿
𝑑𝑖
𝑑𝑡
= 𝑁
𝑑𝜙
𝑑𝑡
= 𝑁
𝑑𝐵 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝐴 𝑒
𝑑𝑡
= 𝑁𝐴 𝑒
𝑑𝐵 𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒
𝑑𝑡
𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 =
𝑁∙𝑖
𝑙 𝑒
 𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 = 𝑢 𝑟 𝑢 𝑜 𝐻𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 = 𝑢 𝑟 𝑢 𝑜
𝑁∙𝑖
𝑙 𝑒
By Ampere’s law, rewrite the Faraday law of induction
𝑉𝐿 = 𝑳
𝑑𝑖
𝑑𝑡
= 𝑁𝐴 𝑒
𝑑𝑢 𝑟 𝑢 𝑜
𝑁∙𝑖
𝑙 𝑒
𝑑𝑡
= 𝑵 𝟐
𝒖 𝒓 𝒖 𝒐
𝑨 𝒆
𝒍 𝒆
𝑑𝑖
𝑑𝑡

𝑉𝐿 = 𝑳
𝑑𝑖
𝑑𝑡
= 𝑁𝐴 𝑒
𝑑𝑢 𝑟 𝑢 𝑜
𝑁∙𝑖
𝑙 𝑒
𝑑𝑡
= 𝑵 𝟐
𝒖 𝒓 𝒖 𝒐
𝑨 𝒆
𝒍 𝒆
𝑑𝑖
𝑑𝑡
If is sinusoidal excitation 𝑉𝐿 = 𝑉 sin(𝜔𝑡), then the current
will be in the same form with phase delay
𝑉 sin 𝜔𝑡 = 𝜔 𝐿
𝑑−𝐼 cos 𝜔𝑡
𝑑𝑡
= 𝜔𝐿𝐼 sin 𝜔𝑡
= 𝜔𝑁2 𝑢 𝑟 𝑢 𝑜
𝐴 𝑒
𝑙 𝑒
𝐼 sin(𝜔𝑡)
Taking out the time variant term

𝑉 = 𝜔𝐿𝐼 = 𝑁2 𝑢 𝑟 𝑢 𝑜
𝐴 𝑒
𝑙 𝑒
𝐼
= 𝜔𝑁 (𝑢 𝑟 𝑢 𝑜
𝑁∙𝐼
𝑙 𝑒
) 𝐴 𝑒 = 𝜔𝑁𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝐴 𝑒

𝑽
𝝎
= 𝑳𝑰 = 𝑵𝑩 𝒄𝒐𝒓𝒆 𝑨 𝒆

𝑽
𝝎
is the flux generated by this condition (it is flux 𝜙 that
drives the E-M conversion, not flux density 𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒)

In SMPS, the excitation is square-like waveform
 𝑉𝐿 𝑑𝑡 = 𝐿𝑑𝑖 = 𝑁𝑑𝜙 = 𝑁𝐴 𝑒 𝑑𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒
 𝑉𝐿 𝑑𝑡 is the flux generated by this condition (it is flux 𝜙
that drives the E-M conversion, not flux density 𝐵𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑒)
Volt-Second Balance
is the key of E-M
conversion

The difference between ui and ua is the flux (thus flux density)
applied.
ui is just ua
under extremely
low flux density
condition

B-H curve is a “Hysteresis loop” (Pętla histerezy)
Flux Density B[T]
Magnetic Residue Br
Coercive Force Hc
Magnetic Field
H [A/m]
Saturation (Bsat)
Hmax

Przenikalność początkowa 初磁導率
Initial Permeability
0H0
i
H
B
µ
1
µ



0.1mT

µi initial permeability
µm maximal
permeability
µa amplitude
permeability
µdif or µrev reverse
permeability
)1.0,25(
)1.0,25(
)1.0,25(
)( mTBkHzf
mTBkHzf
mTBkHzf
ACDCrevdif
ACa
ACi
ii
i
i










DC-DC Application udiff or urev
HH
rev
AC
H
B
µ
µ



0
1

Reversible permeability at different operating points

Material Specification: Saturation Flux Density Bsat
The importance of Bmax is well emphasized and all ferrite vendors advertise
their materials by this property along with the core loss density Pcv. But there is a
catch: under what Hmax?
Only this portion of ferrite B-H is actually useful
This is the real usable
Hmax range for soft
ferrite and SMPS
designer should be care
about the Bmax available
in the maximal applied H
range
The proviso for Bsat=
530mT is H =1200A/m, this
is the legal commercial
employed by the industry.
Useless in practical designs

25
B-H Curves from FXC, DMEGC, and TDG

26
Only ferrite does the bluffing? NO!
Look at the silicon
steel sheet for
power transformer
1𝑂𝑒 =
1000
4𝜋
𝐴/𝑚
=79.58A/m

27
The effect of Hysteresis loop (Brms and Hc) can be illustrated by SPICE
circuit simulation.
Using the built-in TX22_14_13_3E27 model (ui=6000)
* TX22_14_13_3E27 CORE model
.MODEL TX22_14_13_3E27 CORE
+ MS=377.56E3
+ A=12.672
+ C=.20161
+ K=5.5151
+ AREA=.507 (cm^2)
+ PATH=5.4200 (cm)
Simulate an “ideal” inductor and the “real” inductor by 10 turns of winding
with TX22_14_13_3E27

28
L5
10
1
2
R5
1
8
V3
FREQ = 100k
VAMPL = 10
VOFF = 0
7
0
K
COUPLING=
K3
1
TX22_14_13_3E27
R6
1
L6
705.3uH
1
2
V4
FREQ = 100k
VAMPL = 10
VOFF = 0
9 10
0
Time
19.950ms 19.955ms 19.960ms 19.965ms 19.970ms 19.975ms 19.980ms 19.985ms 19.990ms 19.995ms 20.000ms
I(R5) I(R6)
-20mA
0A
20mA
Bmax≈31.13mT

29
L5
10
1
2
R5
1
8
V3
FREQ = 100k
VAMPL = 10
VOFF = 0
7
0
K
COUPLING=
K3
1
TX22_14_13_3E27
R6
1
L6
705.3uH
1
2
V4
FREQ = 100k
VAMPL = 10
VOFF = 0
9 10
0
Frequency
0Hz 100KHz 200KHz 300KHz 400KHz 500KHz 600KHz 700KHz 800KHz 900KHz 1000KHz
I(R5)
0A
10mA
20mA
I(R6)
0A
10mA
20mA
SEL>>
Bmax≈31.13mT

30
Bmax≈311.3mTL5
10
1
2
R5
1
8
V3
FREQ = 100k
VAMPL = 100
VOFF = 0
7
0
K
COUPLING=
K3
1
TX22_14_13_3E27
R6
1
L6
705.3uH
1
2
V4
FREQ = 100k
VAMPL = 100
VOFF = 0
9 10
0
Time
I(R5) I(R6)
-200mA
0A
200mA

31
Bmax≈311.3mTL5
10
1
2
R5
1
8
V3
FREQ = 100k
VAMPL = 100
VOFF = 0
7
0
K
COUPLING=
K3
1
TX22_14_13_3E27
R6
1
L6
705.3uH
1
2
V4
FREQ = 100k
VAMPL = 100
VOFF = 0
9 10
0
Frequency
0Hz 100KHz 200KHz 300KHz 400KHz 500KHz 600KHz 700KHz 800KHz 900KHz 1000KHz
I(R5)
0A
100mA
200mA
SEL>>
I(R6)
0A
100mA
200mA

32
If the inductor or transformer design is not carefully engaged per the
specified operation conditions. It might result in serious distortion and
endanger the application or device.
Below is an extreme case.
L1
5
1
2
R1
50
2
V1
FREQ = 100k
VAMPL = 100
VOFF = 0
1
0
K
COUPLING=
K1
0.99
TX22_14_13_3E27
L3
5
1
2
R3
500
3
Time
V(1) V(3)
-100V
-50V
0V
50V
100V

Ferroxcube 3C95 Material Specification
Pv @100kHz/200mT/25℃ = 350mW/cm^3
Pv @100kHz/200mT/100℃ =290mW/cm^3
Ferroxcube 3C95 Product Specification
PQ26/25
Pv @100kHz/200mT/25℃ = 4.0W/6.530cm^3=613mW/cm^3
Pv @100kHz/200mT/100℃ =3.8mW/6.530cm^3=582mW/cm^3
PQ35/41
Pv @100kHz/200mT/25℃ = 11.5W/18.5cm^3=622mW/cm^3
Pv @100kHz/200mT/100℃ =10.8W/18.5cm^3=584mW/cm^3
A good example of ferrite material commercial: Pv Issue

Pv Issue

Material
Specification
from TDK
Pv Issue

PQ32/25
Ve=12.44cm^3
30℃ Pv=
~ 580mW/cm^3
100 ℃ Pv=
~400mW/cm^3
80 ℃ Pv=
~335mW/cm^3
Pv quality in pg.
34 & 35 is not
practical in real
life
Pv Issue

Comparing Pg. 34 and 36 Pv Issue
1. Pg. 34 is a “material” comparison, using ring core in small
sizes. (T25x15x10)
2. Pg. 36 is a “mass-production” comparison, using the real
cores that would applied in real design scenario.
3. Keeping all conditions the same, (larger) product Pv will be
always higher than material Pv for the reason of existing gap,
no matter how smooth the contact surface is.
4. Material is defined to have Pv_min at 100℃ but in real mass
production products, the Pv_min point will shift toward
around 80 ℃ or 90 ℃, which is inevitable by the trade off
between quality and cost in real life.

‹#›
TDG TPW33 Pv = 469mW/cc @ 100℃/ 200mT/100kHz
DMEGC DMR95E Pv = 480mW/cc @ 100℃/ 200mT/100kHz
Competitors Benchmark Reference
PQ cores losses
(kW/m^3)
25℃ 100℃ Note
DMR95E PQ26/20 447.81 551.535pcs from customer
TPW33 PQ26/20 548.06 574.245pcs from customer
3C95 PQ26/20 & 20/20 480.23 446.0010pcs from FXC product batch
3C95 Material Pv spec 350 290HB2009
3C95 smaller core Pv
spec
590 560HB2009

Critical in common mode
choke design selection

Material goal
 higher µi with improved frequency stability
 basically against physical principles
where:
fg – gyromagnetic critical frequency
γ ~0.22 ΜΗz m/A is the gyromagnetic ratio for an electron
i.e. the ratio of magnetic moment and torque
Bs – saturation flux density
μi,0– initial permeability * J. L. Snoek, Physica 14, 207, 1948
sig Bf 
3
4
)1( 0,  Snoek Limit

For CMC, it’s not always the
higher ui the better
Note: great chance that A151
in mass production cannot
sustain such high ui through all
frequencies
Z (Ω)
Hz A07H A151
100k 1.648E+03 3.343E+03
150k 2.568E+03 4.109E+03
200k 3.517E+03 4.609E+03
500k 9.086E+03 5.938E+03
1000k 1.486E+04 5.938E+03

Characteristics of Mn-Zn and Ni-Zn Ferrite in the sense of ui vs. frequency
 All governed by Snoek limit.

With the key specifications of Ferrites explained, the
ACME product roadmap is more easier to understand and
select the suitable one for the application.
The roll-out of all materials are based on the various real
application needs (power, telecom, EMC, RF, etc.,) in
 Loss level (in specific conditions)
 Frequency bandwidth
 Permeability
 Temperature and Temperature stability

ACME provides ferrite materials in all applications: MnZn Power
MnZn power
materials
Low LossHigh Bs
High Freq. Temp. Tendency
P4
P41
P42
P5
P51
P52
P46
P47
25℃~100
℃
25℃~120
℃
700KHz
1MHz
250kW/m3
450kW/m3
350kW/m3
420mT
P45
P48
P61
1~5MHz
460mT
Low ŋB
N4
N42
N43
N5
N51
DC-
Bias
High Z
P49
P62
P491

For MnZn ferrite in power applications, the key specifications are
Symbol Unit
Measuring Conditions Low Loss Material
Freq. Flux den. Temp. P4 P41 P42 P48(NEW)
Initial
Permeability
μi 10kHz 0.25mT 25°C
2500±
25%
2400±25
%
1800±
25%
2500±
25%
Amplitude
Permeability
μa 25kHz 200mT 25°C ＞4500 ＞4500 ＞5000 ＞5000
100°C ＞4500 ＞4500 ＞5000 ＞5000
Power Loss Pv KW/m
3
100kHz 200mT 25°C 700 650 750 550
100°C 450 350 350 250
300kHz 100mT 25°C 660 820 900 500
100°C 430 500 500 300
500kHz 50mT 25°C 380 400 450 250
100°C 330 300 300 200
Saturation Flux
Density
Bms mT 10kHz H =
1200A/m
25°C 480 495 520 515
100°C 380 395 420 410
Curie
Temperature
Tc °C
>220 >230 >240 >220
Resistivity ρ Ωm 5.50 4.00 8.00 5.00

46

47
Core loss is a function of temperature and it is
a deep V shape for general power ferrites

Low Loss and High Saturation Flux Density Material Characteristics
Symbol Unit Measuring Conditions Material
Freq. Flux den. Temp. P47 P45
Initial
Permeability
μi 10kHz < 0.25mT 25°C 3000± 25% 3100± 25%
Power Loss Pcv kW/m3
100kHz 200mT
25°C 400 365
60°C 290
80°C 270
100°C 350 260
120°C 310
140°C 380
Saturation
Flux Density
Bs mT 1kHz H = 1200A/m
25°C 520 530
100°C 420 405
Remanence Br mT 1kHz H = 1200A/m
25°C 85 80
100°C 70 60
Coercivity Hc A/m 1kHz H = 1200A/m
25°C 10 10
100°C 7 6
Curie
Temperature
Tc °C > 220 240
Special materials
to have a flatter
Pv vs. temperature
curve

Power Loss VS. Temperature
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160
Temperature(
o
C)
PowerLoss(kW/m
3
)
Test Core ：T25×15×10
P47
P45
200mT,100KHz

Core loss performance of P45 (benching 3C97)
Power Loss VS. Temperature
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160
Temperature(
o
C)
PowerLoss(kW/m
3
)
Test Core ：T25×15×10
100mT,300KHz
200mT,100KHz
50mT,500KHz
100mT,200KHz
P45

• Hysteretic Loop of P49

T25*15*10
1200A/m 10kHz,P-gain:10,N1=N2=20Ts

57
• New designs for high current power inductor may increase the
operation frequency up to 1.5 ~ 3 MHz to reduce the core sizes.
• P61 CI type cores passed the final testing results from clients under
200mT/1~3MHz condition in mass production status now.

58

59

60
fswitch [Hz]duty-cycle Irip [A] mT (?) T [°C] #1 #2 #3 #4 #5
1.00E+06 5.00E-01 2.10E+00 100 25 215.07 202.98 216.44 206.52 206.80
1.00E+06 5.00E-01 4.11E+00 200 25 1,296.72 1,227.18 1,216.33 1,191.80 1,226.02
1.00E+06 5.00E-01 2.02E+00 100 100 231.57 216.40 224.81 231.71 226.95
1.00E+06 5.00E-01 3.95E+00 200 100 1,349.69 1,372.45 1,358.02 1,388.81 1,407.06
2.00E+06 5.00E-01 1.99E+00 100 25 921.31 924.93 872.21 864.00 871.18
2.00E+06 5.00E-01 3.94E+00 200 25 4,143.46 4,186.04 4,048.78 4,134.14 3,996.12
2.00E+06 5.00E-01 1.92E+00 100 100 1,099.52 1,058.99 1,089.94 1,047.91 1,084.28
2.00E+06 5.00E-01 3.70E+00 200 100 5,034.51 5,176.33 5,203.89 5,125.00 5,282.60
3.00E+06 5.00E-01 1.84E+00 100 25 2,270.11 2,208.32 2,196.73 2,202.43 2,235.13
3.00E+06 5.00E-01 3.55E+00 200 25 9,315.22 9,637.46 9,715.79 9,824.53 9,563.89
3.00E+06 5.00E-01 1.77E+00 100 100 2,597.86 2,609.84 2,668.96 2,616.68 2,692.54
3.00E+06 5.00E-01 3.10E+00 200 100 16,096.09 15,468.91 15,854.08 16,010.92 15,980.12
Pcv (mW/cm^3)
P61 High Frequency Low Loss Material

fswitch [Hz]duty-cycle Irip [A] mT (?) T [°C] #1 #2 #3 #4 #5
1.00E+06 5.00E-01 2.10E+00 100 25 7.52E-07 7.39E-07 7.44E-07 7.35E-07 7.35E-07
1.00E+06 5.00E-01 4.11E+00 200 25 7.68E-07 7.53E-07 7.56E-07 7.47E-07 7.49E-07
1.00E+06 5.00E-01 2.02E+00 100 100 7.76E-07 7.73E-07 7.81E-07 7.71E-07 7.75E-07
1.00E+06 5.00E-01 3.95E+00 200 100 7.92E-07 7.84E-07 7.92E-07 7.88E-07 7.86E-07
2.00E+06 5.00E-01 1.99E+00 100 25 7.67E-07 7.62E-07 7.66E-07 7.58E-07 7.51E-07
2.00E+06 5.00E-01 3.94E+00 200 25 7.60E-07 7.56E-07 7.60E-07 7.48E-07 7.46E-07
2.00E+06 5.00E-01 1.92E+00 100 100 7.96E-07 8.00E-07 8.01E-07 7.94E-07 7.96E-07
2.00E+06 5.00E-01 3.70E+00 200 100 8.00E-07 7.98E-07 8.03E-07 7.99E-07 8.01E-07
3.00E+06 5.00E-01 1.84E+00 100 25 7.84E-07 7.76E-07 7.85E-07 7.75E-07 7.71E-07
3.00E+06 5.00E-01 3.55E+00 200 25 8.02E-07 7.96E-07 8.03E-07 7.90E-07 7.88E-07
3.00E+06 5.00E-01 1.77E+00 100 100 8.04E-07 7.98E-07 8.00E-07 7.99E-07 7.98E-07
3.00E+06 5.00E-01 3.10E+00 200 100 8.19E-07 8.06E-07 8.21E-07 8.12E-07 8.06E-07
Inductance (H)
P61 High Frequency Low Loss Material

• P5 – 300KHz ~700KHz
• P51 & P52 – 500KHz ~ 1MHz
• P52 (high Bs & high freq ferrite)
– for high frequency high current power inductor
Symbol Unit
Measuring Conditions
P5 P51 P52
Freq. Flux den. Temp.
Initial Permeability μi 10KHz <0.25mT 25oC 2000±25% 1500±25% 2000±25%
Core Loss Pv KW/m3
700kHz 50mT
25oC 600 300 410
100oC 550 250 400
1MHz 50mT
25oC 600 1000
100oC 600 1000
Saturation Flux
Density
Bs mT 10kHz H=1200A/m
25oC 470 490 500
100oC 350 400 400
Curie Temperature Tc oC ≥220 ≥250 ≥250
Density d g/cm3 4.70 4.85 4.85

ACME provides ferrite materials in all applications:MnZn High Perm
MnZn high perm
and telecom
materials
High μiLow THD
Wide Freq.
Wide Temp.
A10
A121N07
A05
A07
A102
A043
A061
N10 A151
A101
DC-
Bias
w-T
A062
A063
A13

ACME provides ferrite materials in all applications: NiZn
EMI/EMC
• K05
• K07
• K08
• K10
• K15
• K20
Low loss
• K081
• K12
HighBs
• B25
• B30
• B40
• B45
• B60
• B90
Wide Temp
• F50
• F51
• F52
Low Permeability
• L1
• L2
• L3
• L4
• L5
• L6
NFC/RFID
Antenna
• H2
• H3
• H4
• H5
• H5M
• H5R
WPC

65
NiZn ferrites’ specifications are made in the way like MnZn High Permeability Materials
and their applications in EMC and Telecom have overlaps.
A quick comparison of MnZn and NiZn material
μi Bmax Bandwidth tanδ/μi (*) ρ
MnZn High Higher Low Higher Very low
NiZn Low Lower High Low Very high

Symbol Unit
High Permeability Materials
A05 A07 A10 A102 A121 A151
Initial Permeability μi 5000±25% 7000±25% 10000±30% 10000±30% 12000±30% 15000±30%
Realative Loss factor
tan δ/μi 10-6
＜ 4 < 8 ＜10 ＜10 ＜10 ＜10
＜ 15 < 30 ＜ 60 ＜60 ＜60 <110
Saturation Flux
Density Bms mT
440 400 410 380 380 400
300 200 210 180 180 170
Remanence
Brms
mT 80 150 140 95 130 220
90 110 110 75 110 100
Temperature Factor
of Permeability
αF 10-6
/℃
0~2 -1 ~ 1 0~1.5 -1～1 0~1.5 -1~1
0~2 -1 ~ 1 -0.5～1 -1～1 -0.5~1 -1~1
Hysteresis Material
Constant
ηB 10-6
/mT
＜ 0.8 ＜ 1.2
< 0.5 ＜ 1 ＜0.5 ＜0.5
Disaccommodation
Factor
DF 10-6
＜ 3 ＜ 2
＜ 2 ＜2 ＜2 ＜2
Curie Temperature Tc ℃ 160 160 130 120 110 110
Resistivity ρ Ωm 0.20 0.35 0.15 0.15 0.12 0.10
Density d g/cm3
4.85 4.90 4.90 4.90 4.90 5.00
66

Symbol Unit
Telecom High Permeability Materials
A043 A061 N07 N10
Initial Permeability μi 4500±25% 6000±25% 7000±25% 10000±30%
>9000
Realative Loss
factor
tan δ/μi 10-6 ＜10 ＜10 ＜5 ＜10
＜10 ＜30 ＜30 ＜90
Saturation Flux
Density
Bms mT
460 460 400 380
300 320 220 160
Remanence Brms mT
65 100 70 160
60 80 60 110
Temperature
Factor of
Permeability
αF 10-6
/℃
1～ 2 1～ 3 -1 ~ 1 -1～ 0
-1～ 1 -1～ 1 -1～ 1 -1 ~ 1
Hysteresis
Material Constant
ηB 10-6
/mT < 0.5 < 0.5 <0.2 < 0.5
Disaccommodatio
n Factor
DF 10-6
＜ 2 ＜ 2 <2 ＜ 2
Curie Temperature Tc ℃ 160 160 130 100
Resistivity ρ Ωm 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.12
Density d g/cm3
4.85 4.85 4.90 5.00
67

A13 is the newest high perm material of ACME (Benching TDG TL13)
FEATURES
• Improved ui-freq performance (150k~500kHz) for EMI conduction filtering
performance.
• 9000μi at the Frequency of 200KHz.

APPLICATIONS
‧Wideband transformer
‧pulse transformer
‧inductor
‧ filter
‧T, EE, ET, etc.

Critical in common mode
choke design selection

Note that the above tables provide a set of data on “fixed” conditions and all the
specifications are highly variant under different conditions.
 Initial Permeability 𝜇𝑖 is a strong function of Temperature
TSMP TSMP
The higher the permeability, the lower the Curie Temperature Tc
 Will this ui-temp can cause sever design and application issues? NO! especially
true for power application. Only in some niche designs or extreme conditions

 Almost temperature independent permeability can be obtained in NiZn by ACME
(ACME is capable of developing custom materials per specific requests)
 In ferrite material specifications, everything is obtained by trade-off and
compromising.
The trade-off of F50 and F51 is their low Tc, for NiZn,Tc usually > 200℃

FEATURES
• Stable permeability (500ui) at the temperature range of -40 ~ 120oC.
• Its Curie temperature is more than 140oC.
• Lower loss factor characteristics.
APPLICATIONS
• HF keyless entry antennas for automotive.

N07: Wide temperature low THD material
 For low THD over wide temperature range (20~85℃) in
outdoor environment;
 Mainly in EP core for xDSL modem transformer
N07 V.S. A101 EP13L @5kHz
-70
-65
-60
-55
-50
-45
-40
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Temperature(℃)
THD(dB)
N07
A101

N07 and A101 are ideal for the transformers of xDSL
modem. Their THD low characteristics are important to
signal transfer for high speed network accessing.
Competitive materials
TDK DN70 Material

A043~4500μi & A061~6000μi:
 Dedicated Ethernet LAN pulse transformer materials
A043 for 100Base-T & 100/1000Base-T system and
A061 for 1Giga Base-T system
 Applicable temperature range -40~85℃
 Excellent DC-Bias characteristics for Ethernet POE
requirement
 For tiny ring cores

Initial Permeability V.S. Field Strength
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50
Field Strength (Oe)
μi
25℃
-40℃
85℃
70℃
0℃
Test core ：T3.05*1.5*2.06
InitialPermeabilityV.S. Field Strength
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
Field Strength(Oe)
μi
Test core ：T3.05*1.27*2
25℃
-40℃
70℃
0℃
85℃

Innovative LAN Pulse Transformers Material for High Speed Transmission
Pulse Transformer
Ex: High DC-Bias sustainability
N2、A043、A061
Common Mode Choke
Ex: NiZn Ferrite(K08)
Differential Mood Choke
Ex: NiZn Ferrite(L1)
10-100 Base 1000 Base
A043 K08
A061 K08 L1
Competitive
materials
Steward #56 Material

N10: Telecom version of A10
 Keep ui>9000 over wide temperature range (-20~85℃),
excellent for outdoor application
 Applied in EE, EP,ring cores, …, for CMC, pulse
transformer, and EMI choke
Initial Permeability V.S. Frequency
10
100
1000
10000
100000
1 10 100 1000 10000
Frequency (KHz)
μi
Test core ：T13.4*6.7*5.6
Initial Permeability V.S. Temperature
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
-40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Temperature(℃)
μi
Test core ：T13.4*6.7*5.6

Symbol Unit
Measuring Conditions
A062New
A063New
Freq. Flux den. Temp.
Initial
Permeability
μi 10KHz <0.25mT 25oC
6000±2
5%
6000±25
%
Saturation Flux
Density
Bs mT 10kHz
H=1200
A/m
25oC 460 460
100oC 300 280
Curie
Temperature
Tc oC ≥160 ≥150
Density d g/cm3 4.85 4.85
A062 and A063 are benching and surpassing EPCOS T65 and
Ferronics M material, respectively.

A062
 High perm ferrite with high Bs
 Designed as ring core type for ballast driver and CMC
under high current

A063 is developed under a request to
replace Ferronics M material for POE and
Telecom applications

Applied Frequency
N5 N51
1MHz 100MHz 1GHz
1000
10000
Higher
frequency
Ferrite Roadmap for EMI-suppression
Ni-Zn:K08,K10, K15, K20
5000
10MHz
100
High Perm.:
A151,A121,
A102, A10,
A07, A05
High pass band
InitialPermeability

InitialPermeability
Applied Frequency
Telecom filters and
chokes:
N4, N43
10KHz 1MHz 10MHz
1000
10000
HF
Under Development
Ferrite Roadmap for Telecom
5000
100KHz
Ni-Zn,High Q filters and
chokes:
L1, L2, L3 L4 L5…
100
High Perm. For xDSL:
A101
High Perm. For outdoor
xDSL:N07
Wide temperature
stability
Pulse X’fmer for LAN:
A043, A061
High Bs for Telecom Wideband
X’fmer: N42
Low THD
Wide temperature
range
High
Bs

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