2. What are nutrients?
โข Chemical substances in food that helps
maintain the body
โข Some supply energy while others repair
and build tissue
โข You need over 50 for good health
โข No food provides all the nutrients needed
for the body
3. 6 Nutrients
โข Protein
โข Carbohydrates
โข Vitamins
โข Minerals
โข Fats
โข Water
5. Carbohydrates and
What they do for us
Primary source for the bodyโs energy
โข Helps digest fat
โข Used for growth and maintenance
โข Rich in fiber; helps prevent cancer and
intestinal problems
6. How much is needed daily
โข 55-65% of your calories should come from
carbohydrates (mainly complex)
โข Too many carbs makes one fat
7. Protein
โข Animal (complete protein) = meat, fish,
poultry, milk and milk products, eggs
โข Plant (incomplete protein) = dried beans,
peas, legumes (nuts)
โข Incomplete proteins need to be combined to make
a complete protein (beans and rice) (peanuts and
bread)
โข Proteins are made from amino acids which
are found completely in animal sources or
in combination with incomplete sources
8. Protein and
What it does for us
โข Protein is found in EVERY cell
โข Provides amino acids which are essential
for growth, maintenance and repair of
tissue
โข Regulates body processes (fluid balance)
โข Can be used for energy if carbohydrates
and fat are not available
9. Amount of Protein needed
โข 10-15% of caloric intake per day
โข Not enough Protein = Kwashiorkor
11. Fats and
What they do for us
โข Provide energy
โข Carry fat soluble vitamins
โข Needed for healthy skin
โข Provides protection to organs
โข Helps to regulate body temperature
12. Amount of Fat needed
โข No more than 30% of daily calories
13. Vitamins
โข Fat-soluble sources
โ Liver, eggs, dark green leafy and bright veg.,
squash, cantaloupe, sun, milk
โข Water-soluble sources
โ Fruits, breads, meat,
14.
15. Fat-soluble vitamins
โข A, D, E, & K stored in fat in the body
โข A -- for vision
โข D -- comes from sun needed for bones
โข E -- found in fatty food is an antioxidant
โข K -- needed for clotting blood
16. Water-soluble vitamins
โข B -- found in bread and pasta vegetables
โ Lots of B vitamins (riboflavin, niacin, thiamin,
B6, B12) -- needed for digestion and absorption
of all nutrients
โข C -- found in citrus foods, strawberries,
peppers, etc.; helps clot blood; antioxidant!
โ Excess is carried out of the body
17. Vitamins can only come from
a well rounded diet
โข Too little looks like this
Beriberi lack
of vitamin B
Pellagra lack of B Rickets lack of D
18. Vitamins can only come from a
well rounded diet (cont.)
Scurvy lack of vitamin C
Night blindness lack
of vitamin A
19. Minerals
4% of our body weight
Our body can not manufacture these
โข Calcium
โข Iodine
โข Sodium
โข Chlorine
โข Potassium
20. Calcium found in milk
and milk products
โข Needed for bones and teeth
โข Clots blood
โข Too little calcium:
Normal bone----------osteoporosis
21. Iodine and sodium
found in table salt
โข Needed for thyroid regulation and of
electrolytes
โข Too little iodine or too much causes goiter
22. Water
โข Must have water to function
โข Most essential nutrient
โข 75% body weight is water
๏We can live 1 month without food
but we can only live a few days without
water
23. Water (cont.)
โข Sources = all the food groups
โ Fruit, vegetables, milk = 75%
โMeat and poultry = 50%
โ Grains 5-35%
โ Water = 100%
24. Water and
What it does for our body
โข Aids in digestion
โข Chemical reactions within our
body rely on water
โข Lubricates joints and cells
โข Regulates body temperature
25. How much we need a day
โข We use about 10 cups of water a day
โข Require 8 glasses of fluid per day to
supply enough for most people. Some
need more.