Use of "foam" in tunneling, underground mines and in the presence of water

1. Mr. LAMANNA LUIGI FRANCO
132, via dei Serpenti – 00184 ROME – Italy - U.E.
email: lamannaluigifranco1 @ gmail.com
1
Use of "foam" in tunneling, underground
mines and in the presence of water
INDEPENDENT
TECHNICAL
CONSULTANT

2. 2
Properties Silex-330-Foam
SILEX-330-FOAM is an "organic mineral foam" resin for filling large voids
and cavities in mines. It is widely used in the advancement phase of tunnel
excavation using mechanized cutters called TBMs, and has a high foam
expansion capacity of up to 40 times. Much is used for the consolidation
of sandy / gravelly soils and fractured rocks. As already mentioned, it is
generally used in mining environments, to separate large areas, even in
the presence of water. It is fire resistant, excellent chemical stability and
mechanical resistance.
Property UM In absence of water In presence of water
Cream time sec 0 0
Free rise time sec 20 - 35 25 - 35
Tack free time sec 35 - 55 40 - 50
Free rise density Kgs/m3 45 - 52 48 - 55
Expansion v/v 10 - 15 10 - 15
Silex-330-Foam

3. 3
Injection of resin
type SILEX-330-FOAM
Void filled with resin
Organic-mineral-foam, fire resistant, excellent chemical stability and
mechanicl resistance (Type SILEX-330-FOAM
produced by CHEMIX, Italy )
A consolidation intervention in a fault zone today, with the experience gained over
the years in the field of tunnel construction, a new generation of resins for injections
reactive with and without water have been formulated, which allow blocking water,
penetrate the shale formations increasing the cohesion of the soil so as to block the
subsidence of the excavation face.

4. 4
PU-8402-Foam
The single-component polyurethane resin PU-8402-Foam is used for
consolidating, waterproofing and filling voids in the presence of large inflows
of water. It reacts [ie increases in volume] only in the presence of water. The
expansion time is strictly related tothe quantity of mixed catalyst, the
quantity of water and application temperature.
Designed for sealing joints and cracks, consolidation and waterproofing of
concrete structures, lands and rocks satured with water.
Property UM PU-8402 + Catalyst
100+2 pbw +10% H2O
PU-8402 + Catalyst
100+5 pbw +10% H2O
Reaction start sec 30 - 45 < 0
Reaction end sec 180 - 240 20 - 30
Expansion v/v 15 - 25 15 - 25
Properties PU-8402-Foam
The mixture PU-8408-Foam and Catalyst (100+5 pbw) without water, remains liquid for about 8
hours.

5. 5
PU-8408-FOAM
PU-8408-FR-FOAM
PU-8408-FR-FOAM is a two-component polyurethane resin with
a high expansion capacity, up to 25 times, for filling voids and
cavities, consolidating sandy/gravelly soils and fractured or loose
rocks, even in the presence of large inflows of water.
The product reacts in any case, with or without water, giving rise
to a very hard and compact resin.
Contains no halogens or CFCs. The product is not flammable.
PU-8408-FOAM – Polyurethane system which reacts in contact with water to develop a
stable waterproof foam.
Is a two-component polyurethane resin with a not expansion capacity, for filling voids and
cavities, consolidating sandy/gravelly soils and fractured or loose rocks, even in the presence
of large inflows of water.
The product reacts in any case, with or without water, giving rise to a very hard and compact
resin.
PU.8408-Foam is designed for tunnels, dams, wells, hydraulic works and land consolidation,
waterproofing of large infiltrations, sealing joints and crack, even in the event of large water
leaks.

6. 6
Property UM Without water With 10% of water
Aspect - Rigid compact Closed-cells rigid foam
Cream time sec - 0
Free rise time sec - 35 - 45
Tack free time sec 900 – 1100 75 - 85
Free rise density Kgs/m3 - 22 - 30
Properties PU-8408-Foam
Expansion v/v No expansion 10 - 15
a) - Filling of cavities after roof roll with Silex-330-Foam; b) - Treatment of the excavation area
with Silex-330-Foam and securing of the excavation face; c) - Ground consolidation with Silex-
330-Foam before starting the extraction of ore on a long excavation face of cracks in concrete –
fire resistant)
a) b) c)

7. 7
Property UM Part. A Part. B
Material - Polyol Isocyanate
Aspect - Liquid Liquid
Color visual yellowish brown
Density g/ml 1.01 1.23
Viscosity mPas 150 - 350 150 - 250
Properties PU-8408-FR-Foam
Reaction start s. < 10
Reaction end mins 3 - 5
Expansion v/v 15 - 25
Allow me to make a brief reflection on the extraction of Rare Earths, pointing out that the
products illustrated up to now contribute considerably to their extraction, and in particular,
although present, in low concentrations, these minerals are bound within other minerals or in the
form of compounds. Therefore, I only allow myself to underline that, in order to enter into the
concrete resolution of this enormous problem, sector studies have been carried out in Italy, on a
new separation technology, in Green mode. ./.
Rare
Earths

8. 8
LONGWALL MINING
OF COAL
ROTATING DRUM MACHINE
ROADHEADER
PNEUMATIC HAND-HELD
COCK DRILLS
UNDERGROUND MINING METHODS
CONTINUOUS EQUIPMENT
All
photos
illustred
are
copied
from
the
WEB
All
photos
illustred
are
copied
from
the
WEB
The technology achieved by the researchers is that of the implosion method, which guarantees 100%
environmental sustainability as no chemical products are used, also obtaining great results in energy
savings, pointing out that it is able to treat [separate] 270 tons hour of ore, with the result of having
powders with a minimum diameter of 3 microns up to 80 microns.
The system consists of a process of syntropy physics, which forms a basis for nanotechnology that
delivers custom-made molecules, such as polymers, etc. , as well as clusters and nano-particles.

9. 9
TUNNELING
MINING
Advance Polymer Technology
8, via Berlinguer
21010 Golasecca (Varese), Italy, U.E.
email: p.magro@chemix.it
EXPERTS ON THE TECHNOLOGY OF TUNNEL AND MINES MATERIALS
The best solutions for the sector
HARD ROCK MINING AND EXCAVATION TUNNELS
Our foams are used in various countries worldwide. For example:
We cooperate with the chemical industry