5. A Note to Students and Teachers:
These lessons are not intended to
Introduce you to the English verb
system.
Use them as a review of what
you’ve
already learned.
6. Are English Verbs “Ichsa”?
Are you miserable because you make
mistakes with English verbs?
Do you think you will never be able to learn?
Are you sorry you didn’t listen to your
teacher?
7. It’s not really so hard!!!
You CAN speak and write good English
You CAN get good grades on English exams.
You only have to learn a few simple rules.
Are you ready to LEARN and PRACTICE?
9. We talk a lot in these lessons
about V1, V2, and V3. What in the
world are V1, V2, and V3?
10. Does this look familiar?
– eat ate eaten
– fall fell fallen
– fly flew flown
This is the table of irregular verbs that we know and
love!
V1 is the first column (“eat”, ,(המקור צורת
V2 is the second column (“ate”, past simple form),
V3 is the third column (“eaten”, called—oh well, V3)
11. Lots of people forget that a verb that ends in “d” or
“ed” doesn’t have to be a verb in the simple past.
Maybe it’s a regular verb in V3 DISGUISED as a
simple past verb.
For example:
love loved loved
hate hated hated
worry worried worried
23. do
do, does did
do + V1 (simple)
I don’t enjoy homework.
Do you like school?
24. A special note about DO:
We say that do is the helping verb for
the “simple” tenses, but if they’re
“simple”, then so is making peace with
our neighbors!
Pay attention:
25. With PRESENT SIMPLE and
PAST SIMPLE ONLY:
In present simple and past simple, there are 3 kinds
of sentences:
– POSITIVE (+) Harry understands Amharic.
– NEGATIVE (-) Jill doesn’t understand
Amharic.
– QUESTION (?) Does Jill understand French?
What’s going on here????
26. In ( + ), the verb really has 2 jobs:
1) MEANING (UNDERSTANDS (להבין--
2) GRAMMAR (UNDERSTANDS), which
includes:
•Time (understands, not understood;
“מבין”ולא“הבין”)
•Number -- “understands ”can’t be רבים
(think of he/she/it, which are all (יחיד
•Person -- “understands” can’t be first
person (I understands???) or second
person (you understands????)
28. Now do you understand why
the main verb must always
be
המקור בצורת?
29. Let’s Practice....
Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s):
“Shlomi loves computers. Before his father bought
him a computer, he thought he would never be
able to learn. He didn’t ________ he was clever
enough. But now he’s a real professional!”
“If Shlomi didn’t _________ computers to begin
with, why did his father ________ him a
computer?”
“He __________ to encourage him. He knew that
computers can be a wonderful help with
schoolwork.”
30. Let’s Practice....
Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s):
“Shlomi loves computers. Before his father bought
him a computer, he thought he would never be
able to learn. He didn’t _think__ he was clever
enough. But now he’s a real professional!”
“If Shlomi didn’t __like___ computers to begin
with, why did his father ___buy__ him a
computer?”
“He _wanted___ to encourage him. He knew that
computers can be a wonderful help with
schoolwork.”
31. Let’s Practice....
Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing
word(s):
“Hello, Mom? I have a problem. I left my keys at
home this morning.”
“Where did you ____________ them?”
“I ___________ them on the table. __________ you
see them?”
“Yes, but you _________ have to worry. I won’t
lock the door.”
32. Let’s Practice....
Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing
word(s):
“Hello, Mom? I have a problem. I left my keys at
home this morning.”
“Where did you ___leave____ them?”
“I ___left____ them on the table. _Can or Do_ you
see them?”
“Yes, but you __don’t__ have to worry. I won’t lock
the door.”
33. BUT
Don’t think BE/HAVE/DO can only
be helping verbs (.עזר פועלי)
Often they are main verbs (.העיקרי הפועל)
34. be/have/do as main verbs:
You are being stupid!
Dan has had too many absences.
What did you do last night?
35. In the following passage, write “HV” in the
parentheses after a Helping Verb. If the word isn’t a
helping verb, DON’T WRITE ANYTHING.
My parents never listen to me. Sometimes they want
me to do ( ) something that I don’t ( ) want to
do ( ), or else they want me to not do ( ) what I
do ( ) want. I have ( ) always been ( ) jealous
of Moshe. His parents are ( ) so understanding!
He doesn’t ( ) have ( ) any problems with them.
They’re ( ) young, and patient, and they remember
what it was ( ) like to be ( ) young. Moshe
has ( ) never had ( ) any problems with his
parents. Not like me. Moshe has ( ) all the luck,
and I don’t ( ) have ( ) any. And I never do ( )
anything right!
36. My parents never listen to me. Sometimes they want
me to do ( ) something that I don’t ( HV ) want to
do ( ), or else they want me to not do ( ) what I
do ( HV ) want. I have ( HV ) always been ( )
jealous of Moshe. His parents are ( ) so
understanding! He doesn’t ( HV ) have ( ) any
problems with them. They’re ( ) young, and
patient, and they remember what it was ( ) like to
be ( ) young. Moshe has ( HV ) never had ( )
any problems with his parents. Not like me. Moshe
has ( ) all the luck, and I don’t ( HV ) have ( )
any. And I never do ( ) anything right!
42. A NOTE ABOUT SEMI-MODALS
You shouldn’t--indeed, you can’t--use “can” in the
past or in the future tense.
Use a form of “be able to” instead, or (in past tense),
use “could”.
Examples: I can’t speak Russian.
I was able to or could speak it when I was young.
I will be able to speak it again after my trip to
Moscow.
43. A NOTE ABOUT SEMI-MODALS
Another way to say “must” is “have to” (they both
mean the same thing). In fact, in negative
sentences (-), questions (?), and in the past or
future tenses, you can’t use “must”; you have to
use “have to”.
Example: I must hurry. I have to hurry.
You don’t have to hurry.
She had to hurry so that she wouldn’t
be late.
44. Let’s Practice....
Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing
word(s):
“Shirli, must you play the radio so loud?”
“What __________ you say?”
“Do you _____ ____ play the radio so loud?”
“No, I don’t ______ _____. Do you _________ me
to turn it down?”
“Yes, I do, please, if you don’t _________ me to
lose my hearing.”
45. Let’s Practice....
Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing
word(s):
“Shirli, must you play the radio so loud?”
“What ___did____ you say?”
“Do you __have to___ play the radio so loud?”
“No, I don’t __have to___. Do you __want___ me
to turn it down?”
“Yes, I do, please, if you don’t _want____ me to
lose my hearing.”
46. Let’s Practice....
Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s):
“_________ you help me, please? I want a book about the
Internet, but I ___________ find one.”
“_________ you look among the computer books?”
“Yes, I __________, but I ______________ find anything.”
“Well, I’m ____________ somebody else right now, but I
_______ ____ ______ ___ help you in about ten minutes.
________ you come back in ten minutes?”
“OK. And in the meantime, I __________ try again. Maybe
I _____ ___ _____ ___ find it by then.”
47. Let’s Practice....
Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s):
“___Can___ you help me, please? I want a book about the
Internet, but I ___can’t___ find one.”
“___Did___ you look among the computer books?”
“Yes, I ___did____, but I __couldn’t____ find anything.”
“Well, I’m __helping___ somebody else right now, but I
___will be able to__ help you in about ten minutes.
___Can__ you come back in ten minutes?”
“OK. And in the meantime, I ___will___ try again. Maybe I
__will be able to__ find it by then.”
54. Let’s Try a Test....
Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s):
1. I don’t _________ to think about it.
2. Anat _______ lost ten kilo. You ___________ see her!
3. Did you _____________ to take your keys?
4. I haven’t ________, and I _____ not planning to eat
anything before dinner.
5. ________ you considered going into politics?
6. He is ______________ a great expert.
7. A lot of wine was __________ at the party last night.
8. We ___________ talking on the telephone when the
lights went out.
55. Let’s Try a Test....
Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing word(s):
1. I don’t _want____ to think about it.
2. Anat __has__ lost ten kilo. You _should____ see her!
3. Did you __remember___ to take your keys?
4. I haven’t __eaten_, and I _am__ not planning to eat
anything before dinner.
5. __Have__ you considered going into politics?
6. He is __considered__ a great expert.
7. A lot of wine was __drunk___ at the party last night.
8. We ___were____ talking on the telephone when the lights
went out.
56. A Test....Part 2:
Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing
word(s):
9. You could _________ until the last minute, or
you could ________ the work now and
_________ it over with.
10. _________ you name ten countries in Africa?
11. I __________ sleep very well last night.
12. I have _________ my promise, and I _________
keep my word.
57. A Test....Part 2:
Use what you’ve learned to fill in the missing
word(s):
9. You could __wait___ until the last minute, or you
could ___do___ the work now and ___get___ it
over with.
10. ___Can___ you name ten countries in Africa?
11. I __didn’t__ sleep very well last night.
12. I have __given__ my promise, and I __will___
keep my word.
63. Forming Yes/No Questions
Take the first element (מרכיב) of the
verb and put it before the subject (נושא:)
I can believe it.
Can you believe it?
I’ve been there.
Have you been there?
68. Let’s Practice....
Complete the conversation:
BENNY: Arik! I haven’t seen you for a long time!
__________________________________________?
ARIK: Of course I haven’t been hiding! I’ve been very busy.
BENNY: _______________________________________?
ARIK: Yes, I’m studying a lot. I want to do well on my exams.
BENNY: ________________________________________?
ARIK: Yes, unfortunately, I still have that part-time job. It’s really too
much. That’s why I’m always so tired.
BENNY: ________________________________________?
ARIK: You’re right. I guess I wasn’t smart to take the job. But I need
the money!
BENNY: ________________________________________?
ARIK: Yes, I’ve been able to save a lot of money, although not as much
as I’d hoped to save!
69. Let’s Practice....
Complete the conversation:
BENNY: Arik! I haven’t seen you for a long time!
_Have you been hiding?_____________________?
ARIK: Of course I haven’t been hiding! I’ve been very busy.
BENNY: __Are you studying a lot?___________________?
ARIK: Yes, I’m studying a lot. I want to do well on my exams.
BENNY: ___Do you still have that part-time job?________?
ARIK: Yes, unfortunately, I still have that part-time job. It’s really too
much. That’s why I’m always so tired.
BENNY: _Are you sure you were smart to take the job?___?
ARIK: You’re right. I guess I wasn’t smart to take the job. But I need
the money!
BENNY: __Have you been able to save any money?______?
ARIK: Yes, I’ve been able to save a lot of money, although not as much
as I’d hoped to save!
71. Let’s Practice
Ask these questions in English:
רעש הרבה כך כל לעשות חייבים אתם האם?
_(Do you have to/Must you) make so much noise?_________
הערב אותך אראה האם?
_Will I see you tonight?______________________________
במילון להשתמש לנו מותר האם?
_(Are we allowed to/ May we) use a dictionary?___________
השתגעת?
_Are you crazy? Have you gone crazy?_________________
מקשיב אתה האם?
_Are you listening?_________________________________
73. Let’s Practice
Ask these questions in English:
בפטרה בקרת פעם אי האם?
_Have you ever visited Petra?_________________________
מגוחך כך כל דבר בימיך שמעת האם?
_Have you ever heard anything so ridiculous?____________
בהפגנה הייתם האם?
_Were you at the demonstration?______________________
שלי המפתחות את ראית האם?
_Have you seen my keys?____________________________
אותם להזמין לי מציע היית האם?
_Would you (advise me to/suggest that I) invite them?_____
75. And these, too:
how how much how many
how often [תדירות באיזו]
how long (ago) ([לפני)זמן כמה]
how + שהוא תואר כל
(how rich, how strong, how sick)
?????
WH-words
76. How easy is it?
It’s really easy!
(The answer:) I want my money. (The next
question:) Why do you want your money?
(The answer:) I’ve given Adam some money.
(The next question:) How much money have
you given him?
(The answer:) I’m planning to leave
tomorrow. (The next question:) Why aren’t
you planning to leave today?
77. “Who” and “What” as subjects
Where who or what refers to the subject ,(הנושא)
the Hebrew translation is מה או מי?
If who or what refers to the subject, DON’T use do-
does-did in the simple tenses; DON’T change the
word order:
Answer: Tal loves Rami Kleinstein’s music.
Question: Who loves Rami Kleinstein’s music?
78. “Stumpers”(מכשולים)
How old are you? ? אתה כמה בן
What happened ? קרה מה?
What did x do? ?X עשה מה
When were you born? נולדת מתי?
What do you do for a living? ?עובד אתה במה
How long will he be gone?
יהיה לא הוא זמן לכמה?
79. How good are you at this?
Ask the right questions. See how much you’ve learned.
X: Hello, I’m phoning about your advertisement.
_____________________________________________?
MOTI: They’re not very old. Five years isn’t really so old.
Anyway, they’re in good shape.
X: _____________________________________________?
MOTI: I’m not “getting rid of” them. I’m offering them
because I’m moving to a new flat, where I’m not allowed
to keep them.
X: _____________________________________________?
MOTI: I don’t understand it either. They don’t bother
anyone.
80. How good are you at this?
Ask the right questions. See how much you’ve learned.
X: Hello, I’m phoning about your advertisement.
_How old are they?______________________________?
MOTI: They’re not very old. Five years isn’t really so old.
Anyway, they’re in good shape.
X: _Why are you getting rid of them?_________________?
MOTI: I’m not “getting rid of” them. I’m offering them
because I’m moving to a new flat, where I’m not allowed
to keep them.
X: _Why aren’t you allowed to keep them?_____________?
MOTI: I don’t understand it either. They don’t bother
anyone.
81. Keep going...
X: ____________________________________________?
MOTI: You can take them whenever it’s convenient. I’m
always home.
X: ____________________________________________?
MOTI: I live on the corner of Plony and Almony.
X: I know the building. ___________________________?
MOTI: My entrance is Number 2.
X: ____________________________________________?
MOTI: Oh, I don’t want any money for them. All I care
about is finding a good home for them!
X: A good home! ________________________________?
MOTI: Of course I’m not selling a set of skis! I’m giving
away my beloved cats!
82. Keep going...
X: _When can I take them?________________________?
MOTI: You can take them whenever it’s convenient. I’m
always home.
X: _Where do you live?___________________________?
MOTI: I live on the corner of Plony and Almony.
X: I know the building. _Which entrance is yours?_____?
MOTI: My entrance is Number 2.
X: _How much money do you want for them?_________?
MOTI: Oh, I don’t want any money for them. All I care
about is finding a good home for them!
X: A good home! _Aren’t you selling a set of skis?_____?
MOTI: Of course I’m not selling a set of skis! I’m giving
away my beloved cats!