This document provides an overview of different perspectives on the relationship between culture and technology, with a focus on the internet. It discusses technological determinism, which argues that technologies intrinsically shape culture; cultural materialism, which sees cultural factors as determining technology's implementation; and poststructuralism, which views technologies as having multiple meanings that change based on context. The document structures a lecture around these topics and asks how we can understand our relationship with online media.
1. Culture & Technology (& The Internet)
- How it's used and what it all means
1
Hannah Brasier
2. 2
CULTURE + TECHNOLOGY
CULTURE
Social organisation
Customs and traditions
Language
Arts & literature
Religion
Government
Economics
TECHNOLOGY
Writing
Print
Radio
Cinema
Television
Internet
10. TECHNOLOGICAL DETERMINISM
10
PROPERTIES OF NETFLIX
every episode of a series is
released at the same time
we can access Netflix on
numerous devices
there are no advertisements
CULTURAL IMPACT
binge watching
“shatters communal watching”
everything becomes a
continuous flow of information
breaks the monopoly of
broadcast & cable TV, rentals &
advertising
15. CULTURAL MATERIALISM
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The Internet is commonly considered to have “profound real
and potential effects on social relations, everyday life, culture,
politics, and other social activities.”
However, Internet censorship allows us to see how culture has
greatly impacted the effects of the Internet on culture.
Warf, Barney. “Geographies of Global Internet Censorship.” GeoJournal 76.1 (2011): 1–23.
17. CULTURAL MATERIALISM
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“The Intranet [in North Korea] provides a connection
between industry, universities and government. Its role
seems to be to spread information, rather than for
commerce, entertainment or communication”
Kim, Tong-Hyung, and Youkyung Lee. “Look At How Bizarre North Korea’s
‘Internet’ Is.” Business Insider. N.p., 23 Dec. 2014. Web. 10 Apr. 2016.
21. DETERMINISTIC THEORIES
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“I write about entanglements of technology and culture, how
technologies enable the making of certain worlds, and at the same
time how culture structures how those technologies will evolve,
this way or that. It's where philosophy and design intersect.”
Bratton, Benjamin. “We Need to Talk about TED.” The Guardian 30 Dec. 2013. The Guardian. Web.
10 Apr. 2016.
23. DETERMINISTIC THEORIES
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“Instead of dumbing-down the future, we need to raise the
level of general understanding to the level of complexity of the
systems in which we are embedded and which are embedded in
us. This is not about "personal stories of inspiration", it's about
the difficult and uncertain work of demystification and
reconceptualisation: the hard stuff that really changes how we
think.”
Bratton, Benjamin. “We Need to Talk about TED.” The Guardian 30 Dec. 2013. The Guardian.
Web. 10 Apr. 2016.
25. POSTSTRUCTURALISM
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“A diverse set of theoretical approaches (emerging from the
challenge to structuralist thought in the late 1960s) that refutes
the existence of a universal underlying structure determining
social or cultural behaviour.” (28)
26. POSTSTRUCTURALISM
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“Technologies, like rivers and streams or developments in the
arts, also flow. Like rivers and streams, they are produced by
particular contexts and change as these contexts change. Like
rivers and streams, they flow into each other, accumulate in
larger rivers or split into deltas.” (34)
31. WHAT CAN WE DO WITH ONLINE MEDA?
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“How do we live with technology?
“What impact does it have on our lives?”
32. WHAT CAN WE DO WITH ONLINE MEDIA?
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What are you doing online?
How do online services allow you to do this?
Are there limitations to what you can do when you are making
online?