3. Location
it is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the
northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, the
Indian Ocean to the east, and Kenya to the southwest.
Somalia has the longest coastline on the
continent, and its terrain consists mainly of plateaus
, plains and highlands.Hot conditions prevail year-
round, along with periodic monsoon winds and
irregular rainfall.
4. History
• British, Italian and French imperialism all played an active role in the region
in the 19th century.
In 1884 the European powers conference in Berlin, they decided to divide
Somalia in to five parts. The reason is that because the Somalis are one of
the most homogeneous nations in the world with one language, religion and
race.
• The colonial powers divided Somalia in to British Somaliland in the north,
Italian Somalia in south, French Somali coast in Djibouti, Ogaden in west
and NFD. In early 19th century a Somali resistance against these colonial
powers started, one of the strongest resistance was led by Sayed
Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, which British empire gave the name of Mad
Mullah. He began his opposition after his returning from Mecca and
established his own army, which he called them The Dervishes recruiting
from the local people and built his own headquarter in Taleex. In 1901 the
fighting started between British and local Somali forces and it was a
beginning in a long fighting that resulted the Somali independence.
5. Information
Capital city: Mogadishu
Currency: somali chillings
Area :637,657 km2
President : Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
Prime minister: Abdi Farah Shirdon
6. Food
Somali meals are meat driven, and sometimes chicken
is fried in ghee, or grilled or broiled. It is spiced with
turmeric, coriander, cumin and curry and eaten with
basmati rice for lunch, dinner and sometimes breakfast
vegetarianism is relatively rare). Goat, beef, lamb
7. Dress
Men wear western pants or a flowing plaid ma'awis (kilt} western shirts, and
shawls.
On their heads they may wrap a colorful turban or wear a koofiyad
(embroidered cap).
Women
Women usually wear one of the following dress:
Direh, a long, billowing dress worn over petticoats.
Coantino, a four-yard cloth tied over shoulder and draped around the waist.
Toob, commonly worn throughout Africa
Hijab, and head scarfs are very common
8. Trade
• Somalia's major exports consisted of
agricultural raw materials and food
products. Livestock was the
principal export, with sheep and
goats representing the leading
categories, followed by cattle and
camels. Banana exports rose sharply
in the 1980s and by 1986 occupied
second place, followed in
descending order by hides and skins,
fish and fish products, and myrrh
9. Land marks
Jubba river and valley
Laas Gaal Cave Paintings
Naaso-Hablood
Shebelle River
The Shanghai Old City
The Sinbusi Beach
