9. Life cycle of Giardia lamblia Trophozoites Trophozoites Cysts Mature Cysts Duodenum, upper ileum, gall bladder The lower portion of ileum or colon Contaminate water and food Stool Outside Multiplied by binary fission Diarrhea Outside
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11. Trophozoites are attached to the mucosa surface by sucker, reproduced by binary fission Diarrhea, abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and vomiting Mechanical blockage of the intestinal mucosa, competition for nutrients, inflammation Histology : shortening of microvilli, elongation of crypts, and damaging the brush border of the absorptive cells G. lamblia inhabits in the duodenum and upper ileum Pathogenesis
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17. Diagnosis Pathogenic examination (1) Fecal examination Water-like feces: trophozoites Formed feces: cysts (2) Duodenal fluid or bile examination
