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Biology ap project
- 2. The observation site consists of many diverse autotrophs, and also consists of heterotrophs as well. Its size is quite small compared to other ecosystems. Its main heterotrophs are insects, arachnids, and arthropods.
- 3. Here are the Autotrophs that I’ve encountered during the field study: Poacaea (grass) Trifolium (clovers) Psidium (guava) Cymbopogon (lemongrass) Rosa (rose)
- 4. Here are the Heterotrophs that I’ve encountered during the field study: Felis Domesticus (cat) Chilopoda (centipede) Araneae (spider) Formicidaea (ant) Coleoptera (beetle)
- 5. THE AUTOTROPHS Poacaea is indigenous Trifolium is indigenous Psidium is invasive Cymbopogon is invasive Rosa is indigenous THE HETEROTROPHS Felis Domesticus is invasive Chilopoda is indigenous Araneae is indigenous Formicidae is indigenous Coleoptera is indigenous
- 7. Poacaea (grass) originated back in the Mesozoic Era, it is described as a small and common autotrophic plant, and its niche is to collect carbon dioxide and water, then it’ll perform photosynthesis to maintain itself. Psidium (guava) originated back to Mexico and Central America, it is described as tropical shrubs and small trees, and its niche is to photosynthesize and reproduce its offsprings. Rosa (rose) originated back to 35 million years ago, it is a very brightly coloured plant, and its niche is to photosynthesize and reproduce.
- 8. Cymbopogon (lemongrass) originated in South and Southeast Asia, it is described as a tall, perennial grass, and its niche is to photosynthesize to maintain itself. Trifolium (clovers) originated in the Northern Hemisphere, South America, and Africa, it is described as a small, short-lived plant, and its niche is to photosynthesize for structure and energy.
- 9. Formicidae (Ant) originated about 150 million years ago, they’re described as a tiny insect with a thin waist, elbowed antenna, and a node-like structure, its niche is to support the ant colony, specifically the drones and the queen, supplying with them resources and protection. Chilopoda (centipede) originated 430 million years ago, they’re described as an arthropodic creature with many segments each containing legs, its niche is to support itself and to reproduce to make offsprings.
- 10. Araneae (spider) originated 400 million years ago, they’re described as arthropods with eight legs, and its niche is to kill other insects for energy, then using that for reproduction and support. Felis Domesticus (cat) originated about 34 million years ago in Eurasia and Africa, they’re described as small, carnivorous mammals, and its niche is to locate food to support itself and reproduce. Coleoptera (beetle) originated 300 million years ago, they’re a type of insect with a pair of wings and a hardened exterior shell, and its niche is to consume plants to reproduce.
- 11. Dates Temperature Precipitation Wind speed Cloud (Fahrenheit) (Inches) (mph) Cover November 65 Degrees 16 0.04 inches 3.5 mph Overcast November 17 November 18 November 19 November 20 64 Degrees 0.04 inches 4.5 mph Clear 64 Degrees 0.03 inches 3 mph Clear 63 Degrees 0.04 inches 7 mph Clear 64 Degrees 0.05 inches 0 mph Overcast
- 12. Dates November 21 November 22 November 27 November 28 November 29 Temperature (Fahrenheit) 61 Degrees Precipitation Wind speed Cloud (Inches) (mph) Cover 0.3 inches 0 mph Overcast 61 Degrees 0.05 inches 3.6 mph Overcast 71 Degrees 0 inches 7 mph Clear 66 Degrees 0 inches 4.5 mph Overcast 63 Degrees 0.23 inches 0 mph Overcast
- 13. Dates Temperature Precipitation Wind speed Cloud (Fahrenheit) (Inches) (mph) Cover November 30 71 Degrees 0 inches 1 mph Clear December 1 December 2 December 3 73 Degrees 0 inches 4.5 mph Clear 68 Degrees 0 inches 3.5 mph Clear 58 Degrees 0 inches 6 mph Clear
- 14. There were no heterotrophs encountered on this day, as the heterotrophs were probably sheltering for heat, as the day wasn’t warm enough for them. There was an overcast in the sky, which reduced the amount of sunlight concentration for the autotrophs.
- 15. There were no heterotrophs, due to heat insuffiency, however, the soil was moist around the ecosystem, due to earlier precipitation. The sky was also clear of clouds, so the autotrophs could receive more sunlight compared to yesterday.
- 16. There were ants scaling around the wall in the ecosystem, most likely searching food for their queen or for themselves. The clear sky allowed more sunlight for the autotrophs in the ecosystem.
- 17. I encountered a cat running through the ecosystem, possibly to search for food. I have also encountered a spider hiding under a stone, possibly for shelter or it is a hotspot to prey for insects. The wind speed was quite high during this day.
- 18. The first day of my observation to not have any sort of wind movement. I’ve encountered two cats throughout my ecosystem, one is different, while the other one is from yesterday.
- 19. Like yesterday, there was no sort of wind movement. I’ve encountered another different cat that is in the vicinity of the ecosystem.
- 20. There was some noticeable wind movement, breaking the lack of wind streak. I’ve encountered a centipede scaling a wall in the ecosystem, possibly to locate food or shelter.
- 21. The temperature rose significantly higher, allowing the heterotrophs to able to roam more freely. I’ve encountered another centipede, as the temperature got warmer, more organisms start to appear. I’ve also encountered another cat, sitting at the ecosystem.
- 22. The wind speed decreased a little bit. Another cat showed up at the ecosystem, possibly due to the higher temperatures of the atmosphere.
- 23. The temperature decreased a bit again, which will result in less heterotrophs appearing. I’ve encountered more ants scaling the wall again.
- 24. The temperature rose exponentially. The ecosystem surface was moist, precipitation probably occurred earlier. There were ants present again, but not any other heterotroph.
- 25. The temperature was a bit warmer than yesterday, and the wind speed also increased. I encountered another cat in my ecosystem.
- 26. The temperature and the wind speed both decreased compared to yesterday. There were no heterotrophs present in the ecosystem.
- 27. The temperature plummeted significantly, and the wind speed also increased exponentially. There were no heterotrophs present at the ecosystem.
- 28. Temperature Precipitation November 16 65F 0.04 inches November 17 64F 0.04 inches November 18 64F 0.03 inches November 19 63F 0.04 inches November 20 64F 0.05 inches November 21 61F 0.3 inches November 22 61F .05 inches November 27 71F 0 inches November 28 66F 0 inches November 29 63F .23 inches November 30 71F 0 inches December 1 73F 0 inches December 2 68F 0 inches December 3 58F 0 inches
- 29. In 10 years, the global temperature will have increased slightly, and precipitation might still be constant compared to the climatogram. In 50 years, the temperature will increase much higher, and precipitation will be significantly different. In 100 years, the temperature will fluctuate, and precipitation will be extremely different, and not similar to the climatogram at all.
- 30. The precipitation supplied the autotrophs with water, which then they’re able to undergo photosynthesis and grow. The temperature affected the heterotrophs, if it were too cold, a small amount of heterotrophs would be present. The precipitation affected the ecosystem by supplying the soil with water, allowing surface plants to grow, and the wind blew the plants’ spores to develop somewhere else.
- 35. Cats Secondary consumers Primary consumers Spiders & Centipedes Ants & Beetles Producers Grass,lemongrass,guava,roses, & clovers
- 36. The sources of pollution include carbon emission from vehicular automobiles, and excess heat being released from a duct pipe, connecting to my house. The impacts of carbon emission are that the emission will contaminate the air, and the autotrophs will use contaminated carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, resulting in mutations. The impact of the duct pipe is increase of temperature, where it might kill organisms if they’re not adapted to that kind of temperature.
- 37. Pollution has increased very much since human intervention, in forms of littering, carbon emission, and smoking. Autotrophs can survive more easily now, as humans can water their plants, which is difficult to obtain naturally in an ecosystem without much precipitation. The invasive arrival of plants by humans can help an ecosystem grow, as more energy is available to the consumers.
- 38. I would prevent littering from the ecosystem at all times. I would prohibit the establishment of factories around the ecosystem, to prevent air pollutants coming from the factories. I would prohibit smoking, as nicotine is harmful to many organisms, and to humans. I would prohibit the introduction of native species into the ecosystem, as it might wipe out the inhabitants of the ecosystem.