Types of majority required under Constitution of India-Majority of members present and voting Majority of all then members Majority of membership and two thirds present and voting Majority of 2/3rd of membership Majority of not less than 2/3rd members present and voting

1. Types of Majority required under
Constitution of India

2. Different types of Majority required
for different purpose in the Houses
Sl.No. Type of Majority Relevant Article of the
Constitution of India
1 Majority of members present and voting 100, 108 and 189
2 Majority of all then members 67, 94, 179 and 183
3 Majority of membership and two thirds present and
voting
124,169 and 368
4 Majority of 2/3rd of membership 61- impeachment of
President
5 Majority of not less than 2/3rd members present and
voting
249, 352

3. Majority- of members present and
voting
Union State
Art-100- Parliament-Save as otherwise
provided in this Constitution, all questions
at any sitting of either House or joint
sitting of the Houses shall be determined
by a majority of votes of the members
present and voting
Art-189- Save as otherwise provided in
this Constitution, all questions at any
sitting of a House of the Legislature of a
State shall be determined by a majority of
votes of the members present and voting,
other than the Speaker or Chairman, or
person acting as such
Art-108-(4) -If at the joint sitting of the
two Houses the Bill, with such
amendments, if any, as are agreed to in
joint sitting, is passed by a majority of
the total number of members of both
Houses present and voting…

4. Majority of all then members
Union State
Art 67- VP-Vice-President may be
removed from his office by a resolution of
the Council of States passed by a majority
of all the then members of the Council
Art-90©-(c) Deputy Chairman May be
removed from his office by a resolution of
the Council passed by a majority of all the
then members of the Council.
Art 183©-Chairman/Deputy Chairman -
may be removed from his office by a
resolution of the Council passed by a
majority of all the then members of the
Assembly.
Art-94© -(c) Speaker /Deputy Speaker-
may be removed from his office by a
resolution of the House of the People
passed by a majority of all the then
members of the House
Art- 179 (c) –Speaker/Deputy Speaker-
may be removed from his office by a
resolution of the Assembly passed by a
majority of all the then members of the
Assembly.

5. Majority of membership and 2/3rd
present
Union State
Art-124-(4)- A Judge of the Supreme Court
.. an address by each House of Parliament
supported by a majority of the total
membership of that House and by a
majority of not less than two-thirds of the
members of that House present and
voting has
Art-169- Parliament may by law provide for the abolition of the
Legislative Council of a State having such a Council or for the
creation of such a Council in a State having no such Council, if the
Legislative Assembly of the State passes a resolution to that effect
by a majority of the total membership of the Assembly and by a
majority of not less than two-thirds of the members of the
Assembly present and voting.
Art 368- when the Bill is passed in each
House by a majority of the total
membership of that House and by a
majority of not less than two-thirds of the
members of that House present and
voting

6. Majority of 2/3rd of membership
• Art- 61(2)- Impeachment-President not less
than two-thirds of the total membership of
the House.
• Art 61(4)-If as a result of the investigation a
resolution is passed by a majority of not less
than two-thirds of the total membership of
the House by which the charge was
investigated

7. >=2/3 members present and voting
• Art 249- if the Council of States has declared by
resolution supported by not less than two-thirds
of the members present and voting that
• it is necessary or expedient in the national interest that
Parliament should make laws with respect to any matter
enumerated in the State List.
• Article 352 - Every Proclamation issued under
Article 352- Only by a majority of the total
membership of that House and by a majority of
not less than two-thirds of the Members of that
House present and voting.

8. Summary sheet Different types of Majority Required
Union State
Art- 61(2)- Impeachment-President not less than two-thirds of the total
membership of the House.
Art 61(4)-If as a result of the investigation a resolution is passed by a
majority of not less than two-thirds of the total membership of the
House by which the charge was investigated
Art-169- Parliament may by law provide for the abolition of the Legislative
Council of a State having such a Council or for the creation of such a
Council in a State having no such Council, if the Legislative Assembly of the
State passes a resolution to that effect by a majority of the total
membership of the Assembly and by a majority of not less than two-
thirds of the members of the Assembly present and voting.
Art 67- VP-Vice-President may be removed from his office by a resolution
of the Council of States passed by a majority of all the then members of
the Council
Art-90©-(c) Deputy Chairman May be removed from his office by a
resolution of the Council passed by a majority of all the then members of
the Council.
Art 183©-Chairman/Deputy Chairman -may be removed from his office by
a resolution of the Council passed by a majority of all the then members
of the Assembly.
Art-94© -(c) Speaker /Deputy Speaker-may be removed from his office by
a resolution of the House of the People passed by a majority of all the
then members of the House
Art- 179 (c) –Speaker/Deputy Speaker-may be removed from his office by
a resolution of the Assembly passed by a majority of all the then
members of the Assembly.
Art-100- Parliament-Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all
questions at any sitting of either House or joint sitting of the Houses shall
be determined by a majority of votes of the members present and voting
Art-189- Save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all questions at
any sitting of a House of the Legislature of a State shall be determined by a
majority of votes of the members present and voting, other than the
Speaker or Chairman, or person acting as such
Art-108-(4) -If at the joint sitting of the two Houses the Bill, with such
amendments, if any, as are agreed to in joint sitting, is passed by a
majority of the total number of members of both Houses present and
voting…
Art-124-(4)- A Judge of the Supreme Court .. an address by each House of Parliament supported by a majority of the total membership of that House
and by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members of that House present and voting has
Art 145 (5) -No judgment and no such opinion shall be delivered by the Supreme Court save with the concurrence of a majority of the Judges present at
the hearing of the case,
Art 368- when the Bill is passed in each House by a majority of the total membership of that House and by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the
members of that House present and voting