IPv4 and IPv6 are internet protocols that assign unique addresses to devices connected to the internet or private networks to enable communication and routing. IPv4 is the older protocol that uses 32-bit addresses, limiting the number of available addresses. IPv6 was developed as its successor to solve this problem by using 128-bit addresses, vastly increasing the available number. Some key differences are that IPv6 uses automatic configuration to avoid problems with manual address assignment and subnetting, and utilizes multicast addressing instead of broadcasts to conserve bandwidth.

1. IPv4
vs.
IPv6
BY: DESELYN BELANO

2.  Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) is the
fourth revision of the Internet Protocol
and a widely used protocol in data
communication over different kinds of
networks. IPv4 is a connectionless
protocol used in packet-switched layer
networks, such as Ethernet.

3. EXAMPLE OF
IPv4:

4. TYPES OF IPv4!!
1.Unicast address
2.Multicast address
3.Broadcast address

5. TYPES OF IPv4!!
1.Unicast address
2.Multicast address
3.Broadcast address

6. 1. Unicast address
 Are what you would call REGULAR
ADDRESS.
 They are the usually bound to your
network card.
 Unicast address should be unique on
a network, meaning a single unicast
address should only represent a
single system.

7. EXAMPLE OF UNICAST:

8. 2. Multicast address
 Is a logical identifier for a group of
hosts in computer network that are
available to process datagrams or
frames intended to be multicast for a
designated network service.

9. EXAMPLE OF MULTICAST:

10. 3. Broadcast address
 A special IP address that is used to
send a message or packet to all devices
on a network.
 Broadcast address are commonly used
for network management tasks, such
as sending out configuration updates
or discovery request.

11. EXAMPLE OF BROADCAST:

12. 6 ADVANTAGES OF IPv4.
1. Encryption
 Whenever communications are used in public medium, it is
necessary to encrypt data to ensure privacy. IPv4 takes
security measures to encrypt data in its address packets.
Hence, privacy as well as security is maintained to a higher
extent in IPv4.
2. Flexibility
 Since address are combined more effectively, the process of
routing has become more efficient in IPv4. Therefore,
organizations that regularly use multicast, their data
communication has been more specific.

13. 3. Topology Support
 Unlike IPv6 protocol where it is been complicated to
be implemented in most topology drawings, a IPv4
protocol can be easily supported by most of the
topology drawings. This is because it contains
simple prefixes which can be easily fit inside them
4. System Support
 The IPv4 routing present inside the IPv4 protocol
can be handled easily by all the systems. As a result
the IPv4 protocol can be supported by most major
systems out there.

14. 5. Device Connectivity
 The primary function of IPv4 is to connect different
types of devices all across the large network. Along
with the connection, identity verification can be done
for each device. And also all those can be done
without the usage of NAT
6. Data Delivery
 IPv4 takes great measures to deliver data packets
right to its host. This is because the versions of IPv4
gets hired by the Transmission Control
Protocol (TCP). Hence, data can be guaranteed of
delivery and avoidance of duplicate.

15. 6 DISADVANTAGES OF IPv4.
1. Configurations
 IPv4 needs configuration either manually or
automatically. Configuring IPv4 manually has to
be done through Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol (DHCP). Configurations of DHCP is
complex since separate management needs to be
done for its infrastructure.

16. 2. Security
Since IPv4 was published long time
back, it was not meant to secure from
threats imposed today.
Therefore, Internet Protocol
Security (IPSec) enables network
security to IPv4 by specifying the use
of the internet. But the problem lies
when IPSec is not built in and its
implementation is optional.

17. 3. Infrastructure
 In IPv4 individual address prefixes are assigned
so that each of them can become new router.
Moreover internet today contains flat and
hierarchical routers. However there are more
than 85000 routes in the internet backbone
routers.
4. Mobility
 Even though IPv4 contains a specification for
its mobility, it is considered to be inefficient.
The reason for this is the fact that it has its own
infrastructure. Hence, its mobility nodes are inefficient
too.

18. 5. Access Space
Depletion of Public address is another problem
faced while using IPv4. This is mainly due to the
initial address class allocation practices. For
counteracting this address space scarcity, the
process of Network Address Translation (NAT) is
introduced. In NAT one single public IPv4 address
is shared among various privately addressed
computers.

19. 6. Geographical Restrictions
 The country that is known for
creating the internet is the US.
Therefore, this country is
involved in the process of IP
address distribution too. In
fact most of the address are
reserved in the US.

20. An IPv6 address is a 128-bit alphanumeric value that
identifies an endpoint device in an Internet Protocol
Version 6 (IPv6) network.
IPv6 is the successor to a previous addressing
infrastructure, IPv4, which had limitations IPv6 was
designed to overcome.
 Notably, IPv6 has drastically increased address
space compared to IPv4.

21. EXAMPLE OF IPv6:

22. 4 TYPES OF IPv6
1. Global unicast
2. Anycast address
3. Link-local address
4. Unique local address

23. 1. Global unicast
These addresses are routable on the internet and
start with "2001:" as the prefix group. Global
unicast addresses are the equivalent of IPv4 public
addresses.

24. EXAMPLE OF GLOBAL UNICAST:

25. 2. Anycast address
 are addresses that are shared by multiple
system
 are generally used to find network devices
like routers.

26. EXAMPLE OF ANYCAST:

27. 3. Link local addresses
 are designed to be used for addressing on a
single link for purposes such as automatic
address configuration, neighbor discovery, or in
the absence of routers.

28. EXAMPLE OF LINK LOCAL:

29. 4. Unique local addresses
 These addresses are non-globally reachable
(routable only within the scope of private
networks, but not the global IPv6 Internet).

31. 3. Directed Addressing
 IPv6 uses multicast addressing instead of broadcast. In here large
data packets are sent across various directions simultaneously.
Hence, network bandwidths are conserved significantly.
4. No Subnetting
 IPv6 completely avoids subnetting problems by using automatic
configuration. Automatic configuration came as a replacement for
static IP addresses.

32. 3. Directed Addressing
 IPv6 uses multicast addressing instead of broadcast. In here
large data packets are sent across various directions
simultaneously. Hence, network bandwidths are conserved
significantly.
4. No Subnetting
 IPv6 completely avoids subnetting problems by using
automatic configuration. Automatic configuration came as a
replacement for static IP addresses.

33. 5. Security
 IPv6 is designed to carry out IPSec security. IPSec
contains Authentication Headers (AH) which has
authentication methods inbuilt into network
firewall.
6. Mobility
IPv6 provides seamless connections when devices
are moved from one location to another. This is
achieved by avoiding triangular routing where
connections to the proxies are sent even before
transferring to the host. Hence, without any
renumbering, all the subnets are moved to a new
router.

34. Disadvantages of IPv6
1. System Issues
 Depending on the type of system, you have to enable IPv6 routing. If it
is enabled manually, the IP needs to be typed. Besides that the IP
address needs to be remembered too. This task isn't easy since the IP
address involves large letters and numbers.
2. Topology Support
 When the IPv6 protocol is used, it is difficult to fix prefixes on most of
the topology drawings. This is because of the extra space that IPv6
module is equipped with.

35. 3. Device Upgrade
 Many of the networking devices on default are
not designed for IPv6 adoption. Even if the
devices are updated regularly. This is not easy
since it requires expert opinion to make the
transformation seamless.
4. IP Address Assigning
 For assigning IP address to devices, Local
Network Management should be involved. Since
this process is done manually it is quite
complicated.

36. 5. IP Scheme Conversion
 Since there is no backward compatibility the process
of transition from IPv4 to IPv6 is slow and
complicated. Moreover a sum of amount is needed to
be paid by the Internet Service Provider (ISP) to
switch between different protocols.
6. Communication
 Communication between IPv4 and IPv6 is complex
such that in very rare instances they will be able to.
The communication cannot be made directly