Women and child Welfare

1. Human Population and
Environment:Women
and Child Welfare
Presented by-
Dr. Shweta Yaragatti
Assistant Professor
Department of Dravyaguna

2. Human Population:
⇢ Also referred to as World Population to denote the number of human
being currently alive on this planet called earth.
⇢ And currently it is estimated to have exceeded 7.9 billion in
numbers.
⇢ With China, India and United States of America being 3 biggest
countries in terms of population.
⇢ Population is often described as both advantageous and
disadvantageous as well.

9. Population distribution
⇢ Mountains in Africa & Latin America are much healthier than
plains, and large cities have sprung up at high altitude.
⇢ Low latitude areas are hot & less favourable, while high altitude
provides suitable conditions for human habitation.
⇢ La Paz( Bolivia Capital) ,a city in the Latin America, is said to be
the highest city in this world, with an altitude of 3640 m from sea
level.
⇢ But, other than that,generally we can see that people settling in
plains more than in mountains.

10. Mountains Less peole
Plains More People

11. Circars Coast

12. Because there are people around ...
⇢ There's Agriculture, Industries , labour etc...
⇢ And increase in production per capita of agricutural produce at a
global level ceased in 1980s.
⇢ And the greedy business strategies across sectors, for only short term
gains, have only helped to breakdown Earth's ability to replenish the
resources that we are so dependent on.
⇢ In some countries food shortages have become the norm.

13. Overpopulation

14. Reasons for drastic growth of World
Population - J shaped Curve
1. Independence for 61 countries (1919 – 1985): Ceasing of freedom
struggle, death, killing, riots, violences.
2. Constitution: Law, Justice, Provision, Social Development, etc.
3. War: (World II Ended - 1945) Small wars (1898 – 1994)
4. Medical advances: Smallpox vaccine - 1899, Insulin – 1922,
Penicillin – 1942, Polio - 1955, Chemotherapy – 1956.
5. Agriculture development: Scientific research, Universities,
Invention, New topics – Genetics, Agronomy (1900 – TT)

15. contd..
6. Industrial development: Revolution – Expansion – Globalization.
7. Economic development: New ideas, management methods,
supply – demand ratio balance, Green-White revolution.
8. Settled Life: Proper education, medical, transport, security, food,
clothing, shelter, etc.
9. Transportation: Flight (1903), Automobiles (1939 – 1945),
Spaceflight (1950), High Speed Rail - Japan (1964) in Asia.
10. Communication: More than 20 inventions (1920 – 1990), 9
inventions (21st Century)

16. About the world's population
⇢ World’s population is now 7.6 billion, will be 11.2 billion in 2100. (50.4 % male &
49.6 % is female)
⇢ 80 years aged persons projected: from 137 million (2017) to 425 million (2050) &
909 million (2100)
⇢ 10 – 24 years aged are 1.8 billion, with 90 % of them live in developing countries.
⇢ Under 15 years aged are ¼ (26 %), 9 % under age 5 years.
⇢ 41 % of India's population is (less than 20 years) compared to 24 % of the world's
young population.
⇢ 2.4 % of the world's land area, India 17 % (132 Cr) of the world population 2nd
largest after China.

17. contd..
⇢ By 2024, India will overtake China.
⇢ Urban shift of people in millions by 2050: (70 %) Tokyo - 37,
Delhi – 29, Shanghai – 26.
⇢ Global fertility reduced from 2.5 children per woman (2010 –
2015) to 2.0 (2095 – 2100)
⇢ 20 % Women in poorest countries have the least access to
sexual and reproductive health services.
⇢ 56 million abortions worldwide / year are unsafe, leading to the
deaths of 22,800 women / year.

18. contd..
⇢ Globally 800 women die / day due to pregnancy-related
complications & 20 % from India.
⇢ Globally 46 % & in India 47 % of girls are married before the age
of 18.
⇢ Globally 30 % of population growth in the world is due to
unwanted & accidentals pregnancies.
⇢ Global maternal mortality rate declined by 44 %, in India by 83 %

20. Cause of growth:
1. Rise in Birth Rate: Nutritional – Agricultural – Medical Science development,
boost birth rate in human beings.
2. Reduced Mortality Rates: Improved medical technology (vaccines and
antibiotics), cures fatal diseases.
3. Fertility Treatment: Improved fertility treatments have made it possible for more
people to have children.
4. Lack of Education: Illiteracy fails to make understand the need to prevent
excessive growth of population.
5. Child Labor: UNICEF (150 million children) no law countries. Seen as source of
income by poor families.
6. Immigration: Unchecked immigration into countries may lead to overpopulation
(Rohingyas)

21. Effects of Overpopulation
1. Depletion of Natural Resources: Forest, Wildlife, Pollution, Water &
Food Scarcity.
2. Degradation of Environment: Overuse of coal oil & natural gas, global
warming,climate change, rise in sea level.
3. Conflicts & Wars: Resource use & Water War.
4. Starvation: Huge issue facing the world & the mortality rate for
children is being fueled by it.
5. Rise in Unemployment: Fewer jobs to support large number of
people. Crime,Corruption, Harassment.
6. High Cost of Living: Demand Vs Supply will expand, rise in price food,
shelter &Medical.

22. contd..
7. Poverty & famine: Politics, Unequal distribution of food, leads socio-
eco inequality,lack of democracy & civil war.
8. Impact on the environment (I) = PAT [Size of the Population (P),
Consumption Level(A) & Technology used (T)].
9. Migration: Economic Disparity, badly paid labour & low standard of
living.
10. Lack of Water: More demand on freshwater supply, Roughly 1%
available &accessible.
11. Lower Life Expectancy: High life expectancy in HDC, low in less
developed nations.

23. contd..
12. Extinction: Demand for land = Destruction of forest, 50% of
wildlife species at risk.
13. Resource Consumption: Food, water & fossils consumed &
demanded at record rates.
14. Intensive Farming: Damage to local ecosystems, climate change
by machines.
15. Climate Change: US, China & India largest contributors to
emissions in the world

24. Solutions to Overpopulation
Depend mostly on Women's and
Children's Welfare

25. Women and Child Welfare
⇢ A country like India has predominantly been patriarchal society.
⇢ And historically, with few exceptions, women have always been
dependent on the other gender for everything.
⇢ Reducing them to a machine which works for the family and it's
expansion.
⇢ Also , living in the face of an era which supports, dowry and female
foeticide, has not been helping them at all.
⇢ And it has not been that long since, the Sati pratha was abolished.
⇢ Historically, they have always been Oppressed.

26. contd..
⇢ And women tend to look after the children after they give birth.
⇢ Ill-informed mother or any parent may push their child into work,
denying them education.
⇢ May also not provide the children with proper food necessary for
growth.
⇢ And without proper education, it is hard to uplift that person's life to
higher standards.
⇢ And may in turn lead to no family planning when they are of age to
marry. Causing, further overpopulation.

27. Solution:
⇢ That's why there's an urgent need to address women's and children's
problems at the earliest.