The document outlines the Philippine constitution's provisions on education. It states that the government shall provide free public education and establish a complete education system relevant to the needs of society. It recognizes the complementary roles of public and private institutions and that all schools shall inculcate patriotism, ethics, and skills for citizenship. It also allows for religion to be taught in public schools if parents opt in and exempts non-profit educational institutions from taxes.
3. The State shall protect and
promote the right of all citizens to
quality education at all levels, and
shall take appropriate steps to
make such education accessible to
all.
EDUCATION
Section 1.
4.
5. EDUCATION
(1) Establish, maintain, and support a
complete, adequate, and integrated
system of education relevant to the
needs of the people and society;
Section 2.
6.
7. EDUCATION
Section 2.
(2) Establish and maintain, a system of free public
education in the elementary and high school levels.
Without limiting the natural rights of parents to rear
their children, elementary education is compulsory
for all children of school age;
8.
9. EDUCATION
(3) Establish and maintain a system of
scholarship grants, student loan programs,
subsidies, and other incentives which shall
be available to deserving students in both
public and private schools, especially to
the under-privileged;
Section 2.
10.
11. EDUCATION
(4) Encourage non-formal, informal, and
indigenous learning systems, as well as
self-learning, independent, and out-of-
school study programs particularly those
that respond to community needs; and
Section 2.
(5) Provide adult citizens, the disabled and
out-of-school youth with training in civics,
vocational efficiency, and other skills.
12. The Philippine government has
been addressing diversity
through..
Non-school aged learners (started as non-
formal education; now ALS)
Differentially-abled learners (SPED)
– Mental
– Physical
Learner’s gender
Muslim learners (ALIVE Program)
Diversity of learners’ languages (MTB-
MLE)
13.
14. Section 3.
(1) All educational institutions shall include the
study of the Constitution as part of the
curricula.
EDUCATION
15. EDUCATION
Section 3.
(2) They shall inculcate patriotism and
nationalism, foster love of humanity,
respect for human rights, appreciation
of the role of national heroes in the
historical development of the country,
teach the rights and duties of
citizenship, strengthen ethical and
spiritual values, develop moral
character and personal discipline,
encourage critical and creative thinking,
broaden scientific and technological
knowledge, and promote vocational
efficiency.
16. EDUCATION
Section 3.
(3) At the option expressed in writing
by the parents or guardians, religion
shall be allowed to be taught to their
children or wards in public
elementary and high schools within
the regular class hours by instructors
designated or approved by the
religious authorities of the religion to
which the children or wards belong,
without additional cost to the
Government.
17. EDUCATION
Section 4.
(1) The State recognizes the
complementary roles of public and private
institutions in the educational system and
shall exercise reasonable supervision and
regulation of all educational institutions.
18. EDUCATION
Section 4.
(2) Educational institutions, other than those
established by religious groups and mission boards,
shall be owned solely by citizens of the Philippines
or corporations or associations at least sixty per
centum of the capital of which is owned by such
citizens.
The Congress may, however, require increased
Filipino equity participation in all educational
institutions.
The control and administration of educational
institutions shall be vested in citizens of the
Philippines.
19. EDUCATION
Section 4.
No educational institution shall be established
exclusively for aliens and no group of aliens
shall comprise more than one-third of the
enrollment in any school. The provisions of
this subsection shall not apply to schools
established for foreign diplomatic personnel
and their dependents and, unless otherwise
provided by law, for other foreign temporary
residents.
(2) cont.
20. EDUCATION
Section 4.
(3) All revenues and assets of non-stock, non-
profit educational institutions used actually,
directly, and exclusively for educational
purposes shall be exempt from taxes and
duties. Upon the dissolution or cessation of the
corporate existence of such institutions, their
assets shall be disposed of in the manner
provided by law.
Proprietary educational institutions, including
those cooperatively owned, may likewise be
entitled to such exemptions, and subject to the
limitations provided by law, including
restrictions on dividends and provisions for
reinvestment.
21. (4) Subject to conditions prescribed by law, all
grants, endowments, donations, or
contributions used actually, directly, and
exclusively for educational purposes shall be
exempt from tax.
EDUCATION
Section 4.
22. EDUCATION
Section 5.
(1) the State shall take
into account regional and
sectoral needs and
conditions and shall
encourage local planning
in the development of
educational policies and
programs.
23. EDUCATION
Section 5.
(3) Every citizen has a right to
select a profession or course of
study, subject to fair, reasonable,
and equitable admission and
academic requirements.
(2) Academic freedom shall
be enjoyed in all institutions
of higher learning.
24. EDUCATION
Section 5.
(4) The State shall enhance
the right of teachers to
professional advancement.
Nonteaching academic and
non-academic personnel
shall enjoy the protection of
the State.
25. EDUCATION
Section 5.
(5) The State shall assign the highest
budgetary priority to education and ensure
that teaching will attract and retain its rightful
share of the best available talents through
adequate remuneration and other means of
job satisfaction and fulfillment.
Editor's Notes
The 1987 Constitution likewise guarantees the right to education of every Filipino. It
provided that,
The Philippine EFA 2015 is a vision and a holistic program of reforms that aims at improving the quality of basic education for every Filipino by 2015
Overall Goals & Objectives of Philippine EFA 2015
Universal coverage of Out of School Youth (OSY) and adults in the provision of basic leraning needs;
Universal school participation and elimination of drop outs and repetition in firsts three grades;
Universal completion of full cycle of basic education schooling with satisfactory achievement levels by all at every grade or year;
Total community commitment to attainment of basic education competencies for all.
EFA aims to provide basic competencies to everyone to achieve functional literacy for all. The four components outcomes to achieve EFA goals are as follows:
Universal coverage of out-of-school youths and adults in the provision of basic learning needs. All persons who failed to acquire the essential competence to be functionally literate in their native tongue, in Filipino, and in English.
Universal school participation and elimination of drop-outs and repetition in first three grades. All children aged six should enter school ready to learn and prepared to achieve the required competencies for Grades 1 to 3.
Universal completion of the full cycle of basic education schooling with satisfactory achievement levels by all at every grade or year.
Total community commitment to attainment of basic education competencies for all: Every community should mobilize all its social, political, cultural and economic resources and capabilities to support the universal attainment of basic education competencies in Filipino and English.
Nine Urgent and Critical Tasks
Make every school continuously improve its performance.
Expand early childhood care and development coverage to yield more EFA benefits.
Transform existing non-formal and informal learning options into a truly viable alternative learning system yielding more EFA benefits;
Get all teachers to continuously improve their teaching practices.
Increase the cycle of schooling to reach 12 years of formal basic education.
Continue enrichment of curriculum development in the context of pillars of new functional literacy;
Provide adequate and stable public funding for country-wide attainment of EFA goals;
Create network of community- based groups for local attainment of EFA goals; Monitor progress in effort towards attainment of EFA goals.
1.) Alternative Learning System – is a parallel learning system that provides a viable
alternative to the existing formal education instruction. It encompasses both the nonformal
and informal sources of knowledge and skills
2.) Nonformal Education (NFE) – is any organized, systematic educational activity carried
outside the framework of the formal system to provide selected types of learning to a segment
of the population
3.) Informal Education – is a lifelong process of learning by which every person acquires
and accumulates knowledge, skills, attitudes and insights from daily experiences at home, at
work, at play and from life itself
4.) Basic Education – is the education intended to meet basic learning needs which lays the
foundation on which subsequent learning can be based. It encompasses early childhood,
elementary and high school education as well as alternative learning systems for children,
OSY and adult learners and for those with special needs.
5.) Lifeskills as an approach in ALS - The Philippines adopts the World Health
Organization (WHO) definition of lifeskills. The lifeskills approach to teaching-learning is the
principal methodology used in ALS curriculum where active-learning and cooperativelearning
strategies are applied.