Physical science module 4

1. THE
DEVELOPM
ENT OF
THE
ATOMIC
STRUCTUR
E
MODULE 4

2. 2
For by him were all things created, that
are in heaven, and that are in earth,
visible and invisible, whether they be
thrones, or dominions, or principalities,
or powers: all things were created by
him, and for him: And he is before all
things, and by him all things consist.
Colossians 1:16-17

3. 3
The Discovery of Protons, Electrons and Neutrons
Thomson’s Atomic Model

4. 4
Eugen Goldstein (1850-1930)
He discovered the positively charged
subatomic particle as a component of
anode rays (also called rays.)
He coined the term proton for the
positively charged particle in an atom.
Ernest Rutherford (1871-1937)

5. 5
Joseph JohnThomson (1856-1940)
He discovered that an atom is also composed of
negatively charged particles which were named
electrons.

6. 6

7. 7
1. Most of the alpha particles passed
through the gold foil undeflected.
2. Some alpha particles passed through
the gold foil with large angles of
deflection.
3. A smaller number of alpha particles
bounced back in the direction from
which they came.

8. 8
• The central part of the atom is a dense
positively charged portion wherein the proton
is located.
• An atom is mostly an empty space that has a
nucleus and electrons revolving around it.
Ernest Rutherford (1871-1937)
James Chadwick (1891-1974)
• He discovered the neutral particles, which
called neutrons, found in the nucleus of an
atom.

9. 9
James Chadwick and Neutron Experiment (1932)

10. 10

11. 11
Formula
Element’s
Name
Element’s Symbol Mass Number/
Atomic Weight
(A)
Atomic
Number
(Z)
Number of
Protons
Number of
Electrons
Number of
Neutrons
Iron Fe 56 26 26 26 30
Zinc Zn 65 30 30 30 35
A-Z= # of Neutron
56-26= 30
A-Z= # of Neutron
65-30= 35

12. 12
Arrangement of Elements in the PeriodicTable

13. 13
Henry Moseley (1887-1915)

14. 14
Ernest Rutherford
Conflict
James Maxwell
The particles will gradually
lose energy by emitting
radiation when a body
moves in an orbit around
an oppositely charged
body.

15. 15
Niels Bohr (1885-1962)

16. 16
Max Planck (1858-1957) Quantum Concept
Albert Einstein(1879-1955) Quantum Concept

17. 17
Niels Bohr’s postulates
•An electron can revolve around an atom
following its specified orbital.
•An electron does not emit radiation if it
revolves only around its allowed orbital.
•Moving from one orbital to another, which is
called quantum leap, will allow the electron to
gain or lose energy.

18. 18

19. 19
Ground State and Excited State

20. 20

22. Thank you for
listening!

23. 23
Activities for Module 4
Activity 4: What Have I Learned So Far? (Page 26)
Activity 2:What Have I Learned So Far? (Page 23)
Activity 3:Complete the table by identifying the unknown using the given information.
Element’s
Name
Element’s Symbol Mass Number/
Atomic Weight
(A)
Atomic
Number
(Z)
Number of
Protons
Number of
Electrons
Number of
Neutrons
Sodium 23 11
Cl 17 18
12 6
Aluminum
Activity 1:Complete the table by identifying the unknown using the given information.